Actin machinery: pushing the envelope Gary G Borisy* and Tatyana
... [16•,40] indicated that actin filaments are short and oriented at an angle to the tail axis, which is consistent with a branched structure, but a later analysis [15] suggested that a significant fraction of the filaments were long and co-axial with the tail. It will be important to carry out further ...
... [16•,40] indicated that actin filaments are short and oriented at an angle to the tail axis, which is consistent with a branched structure, but a later analysis [15] suggested that a significant fraction of the filaments were long and co-axial with the tail. It will be important to carry out further ...
ICAM-1 - The Journal of Cell Biology
... residues and appears to mediate a charged interaction with o~-actinin which is not highly dependent on the order of the residues. ...
... residues and appears to mediate a charged interaction with o~-actinin which is not highly dependent on the order of the residues. ...
Opposite and redundant roles of the two Drosophila perilipins in
... metabolism in humans are present in Drosophila. The Drosophila fat body carries out the fat storage function of adipose tissue and also has a liver-like function due to its detoxification roles. Besides the fat body, Drosophila also has specialized hepatocytelike cells called oenocytes, which are im ...
... metabolism in humans are present in Drosophila. The Drosophila fat body carries out the fat storage function of adipose tissue and also has a liver-like function due to its detoxification roles. Besides the fat body, Drosophila also has specialized hepatocytelike cells called oenocytes, which are im ...
Cellulose Biosynthesis in Oomycetes
... Some species of Oomycetes are well studied pathogens that cause considerable economical losses in the agriculture and aquaculture industries. Currently, there are no chemicals available that are environmentally friendly and at the same time efficient Oomycete inhibitors. The ...
... Some species of Oomycetes are well studied pathogens that cause considerable economical losses in the agriculture and aquaculture industries. Currently, there are no chemicals available that are environmentally friendly and at the same time efficient Oomycete inhibitors. The ...
Classes of programmed cell death in plants
... variable among examples of PCD and therefore cannot be used to distinguish PCD classes that otherwise also make biological sense. Another early morphological change is the increase in autophagy-like structures in the cytoplasm: vacuole-like vesicles that are apparently involved in the initial cytopl ...
... variable among examples of PCD and therefore cannot be used to distinguish PCD classes that otherwise also make biological sense. Another early morphological change is the increase in autophagy-like structures in the cytoplasm: vacuole-like vesicles that are apparently involved in the initial cytopl ...
Autophagy regulation by nutrient signaling
... stress-responsive process capable of temporarily restoring cellular nutrient and energy balance. ...
... stress-responsive process capable of temporarily restoring cellular nutrient and energy balance. ...
Achilles` heel of Grapevine Downy Mildew
... dynamically restructured during the contraction cycles. Besides the contractile vacuole, the actin cytoskeleton is an important structural element for the stability of the zoospores and could even be responsible for the contractions of the contractile vacuole. It is formed out of star-like radiatin ...
... dynamically restructured during the contraction cycles. Besides the contractile vacuole, the actin cytoskeleton is an important structural element for the stability of the zoospores and could even be responsible for the contractions of the contractile vacuole. It is formed out of star-like radiatin ...
1 Calcium at the Cell Wall
... is only 50% efficient. By contrast the calculation of the influx needed to sustain the gradient yields values of 0.5-2 pmol cm-2 sec-1, which is a small fraction of the amount measured. Indeed the small amount of influx needed to support the intracellular gradient is within the noise of the extracel ...
... is only 50% efficient. By contrast the calculation of the influx needed to sustain the gradient yields values of 0.5-2 pmol cm-2 sec-1, which is a small fraction of the amount measured. Indeed the small amount of influx needed to support the intracellular gradient is within the noise of the extracel ...
OPTIMISATION OF CHO CELL GROWTH AND
... economic feasibility of these processes. Simultaneously with product yield, product authenticity is a crucial aspect to consider as it may per se affect the therapeutic value of such proteins. More defmed culture media are being developed, particularly to ensure batch product consistency. A Chinese ...
... economic feasibility of these processes. Simultaneously with product yield, product authenticity is a crucial aspect to consider as it may per se affect the therapeutic value of such proteins. More defmed culture media are being developed, particularly to ensure batch product consistency. A Chinese ...
Induction of stable ER–plasma-membrane junctions by Kv2.1
... an ER Ca2+ sensor, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), with a plasma membrane Ca2+ channel, ORAI1, at ER–plasma-membrane junctions was found to be crucial for Ca2+-dependent lymphocyte activation (Hogan et al., 2010). Despite the observation of neuronal ER–plasma-membrane junctions, or sub-surfa ...
... an ER Ca2+ sensor, stromal interaction molecule 1 (STIM1), with a plasma membrane Ca2+ channel, ORAI1, at ER–plasma-membrane junctions was found to be crucial for Ca2+-dependent lymphocyte activation (Hogan et al., 2010). Despite the observation of neuronal ER–plasma-membrane junctions, or sub-surfa ...
View - Max-Planck
... The chloroplast is the site of eukaryotic photosynthesis and carbon fixation, coupled processes that convert the energy of light into stored biochemical energy, while exchanging environmental CO2 for O2. As such, the chloroplast both directly and indirectly sustains much of the life on our planet. T ...
... The chloroplast is the site of eukaryotic photosynthesis and carbon fixation, coupled processes that convert the energy of light into stored biochemical energy, while exchanging environmental CO2 for O2. As such, the chloroplast both directly and indirectly sustains much of the life on our planet. T ...
Leukocyte lipid bodies — Biogenesis and functions in inflammation
... electron microscopy [59]. The existence of membranous structures within lipid bodies of nonleukocytic cells could also explain how stanniocalcin and its membrane receptor are present at lipid bodies of ovarian steroidogenic cells and adipocytes [60]. Membranes within lipid bodies would account for t ...
... electron microscopy [59]. The existence of membranous structures within lipid bodies of nonleukocytic cells could also explain how stanniocalcin and its membrane receptor are present at lipid bodies of ovarian steroidogenic cells and adipocytes [60]. Membranes within lipid bodies would account for t ...
Effects of nitric oxide on red blood cell deformability
... to determine the effects of this soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor on RBC deformability: RBC deformability was reduced to the same extent at all three concentrations (data not shown), and thus 10⫺5 M was used for subsequent studies. DMSO at a final concentration identical to that employed as the s ...
... to determine the effects of this soluble guanylate cyclase inhibitor on RBC deformability: RBC deformability was reduced to the same extent at all three concentrations (data not shown), and thus 10⫺5 M was used for subsequent studies. DMSO at a final concentration identical to that employed as the s ...
LIINA JAKOBSON The roles of abscisic acid, CO , and the cuticle in
... Stomatal closure requires anion efflux by S-type anion channels, such as SLAC1 and SLAH3 (Negi et al., 2008; Vahisalu et al., 2008), and R-type anion channels such as QUAC1/AtALMT12 (Meyer et al., 2010), which depolarize the guard cell plasma membrane. Change in polarization leads to the activation ...
... Stomatal closure requires anion efflux by S-type anion channels, such as SLAC1 and SLAH3 (Negi et al., 2008; Vahisalu et al., 2008), and R-type anion channels such as QUAC1/AtALMT12 (Meyer et al., 2010), which depolarize the guard cell plasma membrane. Change in polarization leads to the activation ...
Annexin-Phospholipid Interactions. Functional Implications
... As previously mentioned, annexins are mainly characterized by their ability to reversibly interact with membranes in a calcium-dependent manner. Although this is true for the vast majority of the members of this family of proteins, some members, such as mammalian annexin A9, do not bind calcium but ...
... As previously mentioned, annexins are mainly characterized by their ability to reversibly interact with membranes in a calcium-dependent manner. Although this is true for the vast majority of the members of this family of proteins, some members, such as mammalian annexin A9, do not bind calcium but ...
Essentials of Anatomy and Physiology, 9e (Marieb)
... 13) Cells that are specialized to fight disease are called: A) nerve cells B) macrophages C) epithelial cells D) oocytes E) fibroblasts Answer: B Diff: 2 ...
... 13) Cells that are specialized to fight disease are called: A) nerve cells B) macrophages C) epithelial cells D) oocytes E) fibroblasts Answer: B Diff: 2 ...
A role for actin in regulating apoptosis/programmed cell death
... cases at least, caspases may have been ‘hijacked’ from their original cellular function to participate within apoptotic pathways. However, at a genetic level, some key differences between apoptosis/PCD in animal cells, yeast and plant cells exist. Although caspases do not appear to be present within ...
... cases at least, caspases may have been ‘hijacked’ from their original cellular function to participate within apoptotic pathways. However, at a genetic level, some key differences between apoptosis/PCD in animal cells, yeast and plant cells exist. Although caspases do not appear to be present within ...
A Study of Specificity of Cores for Group D Streptococci
... protrusions from the main cell body (Cohen et al. 1968); in contrast, in the micrographs of Corfield & Smith (1968), intracellular 'microtubular ' structures are hollow tubular invaginations of the cytoplasmic membrane of not more than about 0 - 2pm. in length and can be very numerous in some cells. ...
... protrusions from the main cell body (Cohen et al. 1968); in contrast, in the micrographs of Corfield & Smith (1968), intracellular 'microtubular ' structures are hollow tubular invaginations of the cytoplasmic membrane of not more than about 0 - 2pm. in length and can be very numerous in some cells. ...
How does photosystem 2 split water?
... phycobilisome (PBS). Freeze-fracture electron micrographs show rows of hemi-discoidal PBSs on the surface of cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes, with a periodicity that matches that of dimeric PS2 particles in the membrane underneath. This finding suggests that the PBS-PS2 supercomplexes are compose ...
... phycobilisome (PBS). Freeze-fracture electron micrographs show rows of hemi-discoidal PBSs on the surface of cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes, with a periodicity that matches that of dimeric PS2 particles in the membrane underneath. This finding suggests that the PBS-PS2 supercomplexes are compose ...
Actin and Myosin Function in Directed Vacuole Movement during
... Affinity purification of anti-actin antibody was performed with nitrocellulose blots as described (39). Simultaneous visualization of Myo2p and the vacuole membrane was performed in yeast zygotes. 2.5 OD600 U each of mid-log phase M A T a and M A T a strains were mixed together in YEPD medium and sh ...
... Affinity purification of anti-actin antibody was performed with nitrocellulose blots as described (39). Simultaneous visualization of Myo2p and the vacuole membrane was performed in yeast zygotes. 2.5 OD600 U each of mid-log phase M A T a and M A T a strains were mixed together in YEPD medium and sh ...
1 Expression of Ion Channels in Xenopus Oocytes
... type of study as an assay system to isolate cDNA clones encoding the proteins involved. For example, cDNA clones encoding the 5-HT1C receptor were isolated using electrophysiological assays, both by hybrid depletion [7] and by directly transcribing RNA from a cDNA library and injecting the transcrip ...
... type of study as an assay system to isolate cDNA clones encoding the proteins involved. For example, cDNA clones encoding the 5-HT1C receptor were isolated using electrophysiological assays, both by hybrid depletion [7] and by directly transcribing RNA from a cDNA library and injecting the transcrip ...
Role of the leader sequence in tobacco pectin methylesterase
... 0014-5793/$32.00 2006 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
... 0014-5793/$32.00 2006 Federation of European Biochemical Societies. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. ...
A Cellular Hypothesis for the Induction of Blossom
... Background The incidence of blossom-end rot (BER) is generally associated with a calcium (Ca) deficiency in the distal portion of tomato fruits. The visible symptom is a necrotic lesion, which is presumed to be a consequence of cell death and the subsequent leakage of solutes into the extracellula ...
... Background The incidence of blossom-end rot (BER) is generally associated with a calcium (Ca) deficiency in the distal portion of tomato fruits. The visible symptom is a necrotic lesion, which is presumed to be a consequence of cell death and the subsequent leakage of solutes into the extracellula ...
The AP-3 adaptor complex is required for vacuolar function
... vacuolar identity [10]. In addition, several putative AP-3 adaptins have been identified as suppressors of zigzag 1 (zig1) [11], a mutant affecting a vesicle trafficking regulator, the SNARE VTI11 [12, 13]. Nonetheless, the existence and function of AP complexes, including AP-3, has not been demonst ...
... vacuolar identity [10]. In addition, several putative AP-3 adaptins have been identified as suppressors of zigzag 1 (zig1) [11], a mutant affecting a vesicle trafficking regulator, the SNARE VTI11 [12, 13]. Nonetheless, the existence and function of AP complexes, including AP-3, has not been demonst ...
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, glycocalyx, and intracellular cytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.