Further analysis on lidocaine-induced increase in intracellular Zn2+
... Milimolar concentrations (1–10 mM) of lidocaine significantly increased the intensity of FluoZin-3 in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig. 1). The result indicated the lidocaine-induced increase in intracellular Zn2+ concentration (Nishimura and Oyama, 2010; Kimura et al., 2011). Removal of extern ...
... Milimolar concentrations (1–10 mM) of lidocaine significantly increased the intensity of FluoZin-3 in a concentration-dependent manner (Fig. 1). The result indicated the lidocaine-induced increase in intracellular Zn2+ concentration (Nishimura and Oyama, 2010; Kimura et al., 2011). Removal of extern ...
as Hotspot Ca 2+ Signaling Units
... Finally, the low conductance mode of the permeability transition pore (PTP), a channel of still debated nature localized in the IMM [34], can be also considered as a non-saturating mechanism for Ca2+ efflux from mitochondria. When open, PTP allows the passage of ions and molecules with a molecular w ...
... Finally, the low conductance mode of the permeability transition pore (PTP), a channel of still debated nature localized in the IMM [34], can be also considered as a non-saturating mechanism for Ca2+ efflux from mitochondria. When open, PTP allows the passage of ions and molecules with a molecular w ...
Roles of Arabidopsis PARC6 in Coordination of
... FtsZ1 and FtsZ2. As observed for PARC677-356 (Glynn et al., 2009), no interaction between FtsZ1 and PARC677-573 was detected (Fig. 2, row 1). In contrast, PARC677-573 exhibited a specific interaction with FtsZ2 (Fig. 2, row 2). Although the latter results suggested that PARC6357-573 could be responsi ...
... FtsZ1 and FtsZ2. As observed for PARC677-356 (Glynn et al., 2009), no interaction between FtsZ1 and PARC677-573 was detected (Fig. 2, row 1). In contrast, PARC677-573 exhibited a specific interaction with FtsZ2 (Fig. 2, row 2). Although the latter results suggested that PARC6357-573 could be responsi ...
Spectrin functions upstream of ankyrin in a spectrin cytoskeleton
... There are also direct interactions between β spectrin and the plasma membrane. Two sites, one near the N terminus of β spectrin and one near the C terminus, were identified in binding studies with NaOH-stripped membranes from rat brain (Steiner and Bennett, 1988; Davis and Bennett, 1994; Lombardo et ...
... There are also direct interactions between β spectrin and the plasma membrane. Two sites, one near the N terminus of β spectrin and one near the C terminus, were identified in binding studies with NaOH-stripped membranes from rat brain (Steiner and Bennett, 1988; Davis and Bennett, 1994; Lombardo et ...
Calcium oscillations in higher plants Nicola H Evans*, Martin R
... calcium-permeable channels were involved in the generation of [Ca2+]ext-induced oscillations in [Ca2+]cyt (i.e. oscillations induced by the concentration of calcium ions outside the cell) in this cell type. Other evidence highlighting the importance of plasma membrane calcium-permeable channels has ...
... calcium-permeable channels were involved in the generation of [Ca2+]ext-induced oscillations in [Ca2+]cyt (i.e. oscillations induced by the concentration of calcium ions outside the cell) in this cell type. Other evidence highlighting the importance of plasma membrane calcium-permeable channels has ...
BIOACCUMULATION OF METAL CATIONS BY YEAST AND YEAST
... phosphate groups of phosphomannans were found to be efficient groups for the accumulation of copper, the less effective hydroxyl groups of the carbohydrate polymers (glucans and mannans) had a similar overall capacity for copper accumulation owing to their predominance in the yeast cell wall. ...
... phosphate groups of phosphomannans were found to be efficient groups for the accumulation of copper, the less effective hydroxyl groups of the carbohydrate polymers (glucans and mannans) had a similar overall capacity for copper accumulation owing to their predominance in the yeast cell wall. ...
Dissecting stimulus-specific Ca2+ signals in amyloplasts and
... Calcium is used by plants as an intracellular messenger in the detection of and response to a plethora of environmental stimuli and contributes to a fine-tuned internal regulation. Interest in the role of different subcellular compartments in Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling has been growing in recen ...
... Calcium is used by plants as an intracellular messenger in the detection of and response to a plethora of environmental stimuli and contributes to a fine-tuned internal regulation. Interest in the role of different subcellular compartments in Ca2+ homeostasis and signalling has been growing in recen ...
The TRAPP Complex: Insights into its Architecture and
... Vesicle-mediated transport is a process carried out by virtually every cell and is required for the proper targeting and secretion of proteins. As such, there are numerous players involved to ensure that the proteins are properly localized. Overall, transport requires vesicle budding, recognition of ...
... Vesicle-mediated transport is a process carried out by virtually every cell and is required for the proper targeting and secretion of proteins. As such, there are numerous players involved to ensure that the proteins are properly localized. Overall, transport requires vesicle budding, recognition of ...
Platelet surface glutathione reductase-like activity
... cause disruption of the ␣IIb3 receptor (5 mM EDTA [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid], 60 minutes, 37°C). Equal amounts of protein were added to lanes 1, 2, and 3. (D) Densitometry of the individual bands was used to obtain quantitative results. The first 2 columns show the ratio of labeling of the  ...
... cause disruption of the ␣IIb3 receptor (5 mM EDTA [ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid], 60 minutes, 37°C). Equal amounts of protein were added to lanes 1, 2, and 3. (D) Densitometry of the individual bands was used to obtain quantitative results. The first 2 columns show the ratio of labeling of the  ...
docx Helicobacter Infection
... it can be the cause of duodenal ulcers, peptic ulcers, gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric glandular atrophy. It secretes urease enzyme that catalyse urea hydrolysis to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide. The products create a neutral microenvironment that surrounds the bacterium. The prin ...
... it can be the cause of duodenal ulcers, peptic ulcers, gastritis, gastric adenocarcinoma and gastric glandular atrophy. It secretes urease enzyme that catalyse urea hydrolysis to produce ammonia and carbon dioxide. The products create a neutral microenvironment that surrounds the bacterium. The prin ...
The Aspergillus fumigatus cspA Gene Encoding a Repeat
... DNA analysis. A. fumigatus genomic DNA was extracted using the MasterPure yeast DNA purification kit (Epicentre Biotechnologies, Madison, WI) with modifications for A. fumigatus as described by Jin et al. (22). Southern hybridization analysis was performed as described previously (20). Briefly, 10 ...
... DNA analysis. A. fumigatus genomic DNA was extracted using the MasterPure yeast DNA purification kit (Epicentre Biotechnologies, Madison, WI) with modifications for A. fumigatus as described by Jin et al. (22). Southern hybridization analysis was performed as described previously (20). Briefly, 10 ...
Formation and excretion of autophagic plastids (plastolysomes) in
... these plastids, the stroma appeared more electron dense than in vacuolate microspores. In parallel, electron light tubular and/or cisternal profiles appeared loosely arranged within the stromal matrix, indicating the onset of thylakoid formation. Only in very few examples, small starch granules coul ...
... these plastids, the stroma appeared more electron dense than in vacuolate microspores. In parallel, electron light tubular and/or cisternal profiles appeared loosely arranged within the stromal matrix, indicating the onset of thylakoid formation. Only in very few examples, small starch granules coul ...
golgi apparatus, gerl, and lysosomes of neurons in rat dorsal root
... lysosomal proteins occurs in the saccules (cisternae) of the Golgi apparatus . The proteins are packaged in vesicles or vacuoles whose membranes are derived from Golgi saccule membranes (for reviews see Beams and Kessel [4] and Whaley [5]) . Rapid progress is currently being made in elucidating the ...
... lysosomal proteins occurs in the saccules (cisternae) of the Golgi apparatus . The proteins are packaged in vesicles or vacuoles whose membranes are derived from Golgi saccule membranes (for reviews see Beams and Kessel [4] and Whaley [5]) . Rapid progress is currently being made in elucidating the ...
Dynamics of lipoprotein transport in the human circulatory system
... (chylomicra) is described in Chapter 19. Each consists of a triacylglycerol core containing a small proportion of cholesteryl esters, stabilized by a surface film made up mainly of phospholipid, some free cholesterol, and one molecule of apo B. Triacylglycerol and cholesteryl and retinyl esters in c ...
... (chylomicra) is described in Chapter 19. Each consists of a triacylglycerol core containing a small proportion of cholesteryl esters, stabilized by a surface film made up mainly of phospholipid, some free cholesterol, and one molecule of apo B. Triacylglycerol and cholesteryl and retinyl esters in c ...
Deep Insight Section Mechanisms and regulation of autophagy in mammalian cells
... Figure 2. Regulation of autophagy and its relationship with signaling molecules and apoptotic mediators. In the presence of amino acids, growth factors and energy, the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) represses autophagy by inhibiting the kinase activity of ULK1. In contrast, in the absence of amino acids an ...
... Figure 2. Regulation of autophagy and its relationship with signaling molecules and apoptotic mediators. In the presence of amino acids, growth factors and energy, the mTOR complex 1 (mTORC1) represses autophagy by inhibiting the kinase activity of ULK1. In contrast, in the absence of amino acids an ...
CELL WALLS OF GROWING PLANT CELLS
... The plant primary cell wall is a three-dimensional interwoven network of cellulose microfibrils, cross-linked by xyloglucan and dispersed in a pectin matrix. It has been suggested that in the wall of growing plant cells, xyloglucan is bound to the rigid cellulose microfibrils by hydrogen bonds and h ...
... The plant primary cell wall is a three-dimensional interwoven network of cellulose microfibrils, cross-linked by xyloglucan and dispersed in a pectin matrix. It has been suggested that in the wall of growing plant cells, xyloglucan is bound to the rigid cellulose microfibrils by hydrogen bonds and h ...
Differential assembly of polypeptides of the light
... that puc1A was the sole source of the a–polypeptide for the LH2 complex, whereas *30% of the LH2 complexes were found to contain the puc2B-encoded b-polypeptide. Major differences in the regulation of the two operons were also revealed in which puc1BAC was shown to be under more stringent regulatory ...
... that puc1A was the sole source of the a–polypeptide for the LH2 complex, whereas *30% of the LH2 complexes were found to contain the puc2B-encoded b-polypeptide. Major differences in the regulation of the two operons were also revealed in which puc1BAC was shown to be under more stringent regulatory ...
Print - Circulation Research
... he phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) system has a fundamental role in cell signaling and is involved in cell survival and growth and modulates myocardial contractility.1,2 In the heart, both PI3K␣3–5 and PI3K␥3,6 controls distinct aspects of cardiac structure and function. Mechanotransduction plays a ...
... he phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) system has a fundamental role in cell signaling and is involved in cell survival and growth and modulates myocardial contractility.1,2 In the heart, both PI3K␣3–5 and PI3K␥3,6 controls distinct aspects of cardiac structure and function. Mechanotransduction plays a ...
... frequently were found associated with the three-way junctions of ER tubules, where they often remained stable for tens of seconds. Occasionally, individual stacks appeared to break free from the cortical ER network and traverse the cytoplasm before rejoining the network (Figure 2A, arrows). These Go ...
Encapsulation of Plasmid DNA in Stabilized Plasmid – Lipid
... dishes. At the time of transfection, cells were less than 20% confluent. Formulated plasmid DNA (both SPLP and complexed) was added to the cells at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.O pg DNA and remained in the culture medium throughout the experiment. At the completion of the incubation period, ...
... dishes. At the time of transfection, cells were less than 20% confluent. Formulated plasmid DNA (both SPLP and complexed) was added to the cells at concentrations ranging from 0.1 to 1.O pg DNA and remained in the culture medium throughout the experiment. At the completion of the incubation period, ...
The Platform Protein Is Essential for Type IV Pilus
... both the motor and alignment subcomplexes in the T4P and T2S systems have been suggested to transduce the conformational changes of the ATPases (26, 27), making it challenging to propose a unifying model of fiber assembly and function. In the P. aeruginosa T4aP system, the platform protein PilC was ...
... both the motor and alignment subcomplexes in the T4P and T2S systems have been suggested to transduce the conformational changes of the ATPases (26, 27), making it challenging to propose a unifying model of fiber assembly and function. In the P. aeruginosa T4aP system, the platform protein PilC was ...
iv Molecular Mechanisms of Notochord Vacuole
... as it marks the beginning of our phylum, chordata. In vertebrates the notochord arises from the dorsal organizer, also known as the embryonic shield in zebrafish, and is critical for proper vertebrate development (Saude et al., 2000; Shih and Fraser, 1996). The notochord is an important midline stru ...
... as it marks the beginning of our phylum, chordata. In vertebrates the notochord arises from the dorsal organizer, also known as the embryonic shield in zebrafish, and is critical for proper vertebrate development (Saude et al., 2000; Shih and Fraser, 1996). The notochord is an important midline stru ...
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... elucidate the relation between ligand binding and functional properties, or to resolve structure activity relationships [7]. Biological membranes are the first fence that has to be overcome by toxic compounds targeting the cell. One of the most important membrane proteins is adenosinetriphosphathase ...
... elucidate the relation between ligand binding and functional properties, or to resolve structure activity relationships [7]. Biological membranes are the first fence that has to be overcome by toxic compounds targeting the cell. One of the most important membrane proteins is adenosinetriphosphathase ...
ABSTRACT Title of Dissertation: GENETIC REGULATION OF AUTOPHAGIC CELL... Sudeshna Dutta, Doctor of Philosophy, 2008
... the known caspase inhibitors in Drosophila (Hay et al., 1995). The cell death inducer genes head involution defective (hid), reaper (rpr), grim and sickle have also been identified and molecularly characterized (Chen et al., 1996; Grether et al., 1995; White et al., 1994). Ectopic expression of each ...
... the known caspase inhibitors in Drosophila (Hay et al., 1995). The cell death inducer genes head involution defective (hid), reaper (rpr), grim and sickle have also been identified and molecularly characterized (Chen et al., 1996; Grether et al., 1995; White et al., 1994). Ectopic expression of each ...
pdf file - John Innes Centre
... (Fig. 1B, lanes 2 and 3) indicating that GlnK itself has no ability to interact with the beads. This result was also confirmed using purified GlnK (data not shown). Co-purification of AmtB6H and GlnK from GT1000(pJT6) extracts was also demonstrated using Ni2⫹ affinity chromatography (data not shown) ...
... (Fig. 1B, lanes 2 and 3) indicating that GlnK itself has no ability to interact with the beads. This result was also confirmed using purified GlnK (data not shown). Co-purification of AmtB6H and GlnK from GT1000(pJT6) extracts was also demonstrated using Ni2⫹ affinity chromatography (data not shown) ...
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment. The cell membrane is selectively permeable to ions and organic molecules and controls the movement of substances in and out of cells. The basic function of the cell membrane is to protect the cell from its surroundings. It consists of the phospholipid bilayer with embedded proteins. Cell membranes are involved in a variety of cellular processes such as cell adhesion, ion conductivity and cell signalling and serve as the attachment surface for several extracellular structures, including the cell wall, glycocalyx, and intracellular cytoskeleton. Cell membranes can be artificially reassembled.