Organic Chemistry: Organic Halides and Alcohols
... 2) Identify types of compounds from their functional groups, given the structural formula and name of the functional groups ...
... 2) Identify types of compounds from their functional groups, given the structural formula and name of the functional groups ...
Alkene/Alkyne Addition Reactions
... obtained from the addition of an unsymmetrical reagent such as H-Br, H-Cl, or H-OH to an alkene or alkyne is the one obtained when the H atom of the reagent is added to the C atom of the multiple bond that already has the greater number of H atoms. “The rich get richer” ...
... obtained from the addition of an unsymmetrical reagent such as H-Br, H-Cl, or H-OH to an alkene or alkyne is the one obtained when the H atom of the reagent is added to the C atom of the multiple bond that already has the greater number of H atoms. “The rich get richer” ...
3.5 The Alcohols
... 1) Classify the following alcohols as primary, secondary or tertiary: a. CH3CH2CH2OH b. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 c. CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)2 d. Pentan – 2 – ol e. Butan – 1 – ol f. 2 – Methyl propan – 2 – ol 2) Draw the oxidation products of the alcohols in question 1: a. ...
... 1) Classify the following alcohols as primary, secondary or tertiary: a. CH3CH2CH2OH b. CH3CH(OH)CH2CH3 c. CH3CH(OH)CH(CH3)2 d. Pentan – 2 – ol e. Butan – 1 – ol f. 2 – Methyl propan – 2 – ol 2) Draw the oxidation products of the alcohols in question 1: a. ...
MS PowerPoint - Catalysis Eprints database
... I. V. Kozhevnikov, Russ. Chem. Rev. 56 (1987) 811 M. Misono, N. Mizuno, K. Katamura, A. Kasai, Y. Konishi, K. Sakata, T. Okuhara, Y. Yoneda, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 55 (1982) 400 ...
... I. V. Kozhevnikov, Russ. Chem. Rev. 56 (1987) 811 M. Misono, N. Mizuno, K. Katamura, A. Kasai, Y. Konishi, K. Sakata, T. Okuhara, Y. Yoneda, Bull. Chem. Soc. Jpn. 55 (1982) 400 ...
Biochemistry I (CHE 418 / 5418)
... • As shown previously, aldehydes may be oxidized into carboxylic acids by potassium dicromate (or other oxidants) • Benedict’s Reagent – Used to test for aldehydes. • Color change from blue to brown – orange ...
... • As shown previously, aldehydes may be oxidized into carboxylic acids by potassium dicromate (or other oxidants) • Benedict’s Reagent – Used to test for aldehydes. • Color change from blue to brown – orange ...
Alcohols
... group. The longest chain containing the carbon bonded to the —OH group is the one outlined by the green box, containing five carbon atoms. This chain is numbered from right to left in order to give the hydroxyl-bearing carbon atom the lowest possible number. ...
... group. The longest chain containing the carbon bonded to the —OH group is the one outlined by the green box, containing five carbon atoms. This chain is numbered from right to left in order to give the hydroxyl-bearing carbon atom the lowest possible number. ...
10.4 Alcohols 10.4 Alcohols
... •The physical properties of alcohols are similar to those of both water and hydrocarbons •The shorter chain alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are similar to water, in general they •have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons but lower than water •dissolve in water to some degree •are more polar ...
... •The physical properties of alcohols are similar to those of both water and hydrocarbons •The shorter chain alcohols such as methanol and ethanol are similar to water, in general they •have higher boiling points than hydrocarbons but lower than water •dissolve in water to some degree •are more polar ...
Colorful Oxidation of Alcohol
... Source: Summerlin, L. R., Borgford, C. L., and Ealy, J. B. (1987) Chemical Demonstrations: A Source Book for Teachers Volume 2. p. 210. Description: When a yellow solution, K2CrO7, is added to three different alcohols, the solution turns blue in two of the alcohols and remains yellow in one. Concept ...
... Source: Summerlin, L. R., Borgford, C. L., and Ealy, J. B. (1987) Chemical Demonstrations: A Source Book for Teachers Volume 2. p. 210. Description: When a yellow solution, K2CrO7, is added to three different alcohols, the solution turns blue in two of the alcohols and remains yellow in one. Concept ...
TV RajanBabu Chemistry, 730 Autumn 1997
... Chirality as a property of matter Enantiomeric relationships Enantiomeric excess (ee), optical activity - how to determine it Origin of chirality - asymmetric carbon atom, asymmetric heteroatom with lone-pairs, chiral molecules without asymmetric centers - how to specify configuration in axially chi ...
... Chirality as a property of matter Enantiomeric relationships Enantiomeric excess (ee), optical activity - how to determine it Origin of chirality - asymmetric carbon atom, asymmetric heteroatom with lone-pairs, chiral molecules without asymmetric centers - how to specify configuration in axially chi ...
organic lab questions
... shaking. Label completely (hydrocarbon phase, aqueous phase, bromine, water and pentane). You may use symbols for some of these labels (i.e Br2, H2O and “zigzag” for pentane) . This diagram can be somewhat free style! You will need to be aware of the key observation in order to make sense of this ...
... shaking. Label completely (hydrocarbon phase, aqueous phase, bromine, water and pentane). You may use symbols for some of these labels (i.e Br2, H2O and “zigzag” for pentane) . This diagram can be somewhat free style! You will need to be aware of the key observation in order to make sense of this ...
Alcohols, Phenols, Thiols, and Ethers
... • The characteristic functional group of alcohols and phenols is the hydroxyl group (-OH). • Alcohols have the general structure R-OH, in which R is any alkyl group. • Phenols have the general structure R-OH, in which R is an aryl group. • They are substituted water molecules in which one of the hyd ...
... • The characteristic functional group of alcohols and phenols is the hydroxyl group (-OH). • Alcohols have the general structure R-OH, in which R is any alkyl group. • Phenols have the general structure R-OH, in which R is an aryl group. • They are substituted water molecules in which one of the hyd ...
Chapter 7 Notes - Alcohols, Ethers, Thiols Functional groups alcohol
... CH3OH + NaNH2 ---> NH3 + CH3O- Na+ (sodium methoxide) most commonly made by direct reaction with active metals CH3OH + Na ---> 1/2 H2 + CH3O- Na+ (CH3)3COH + K ---> 1/2 H2 + (CH3)3CO-K+ ...
... CH3OH + NaNH2 ---> NH3 + CH3O- Na+ (sodium methoxide) most commonly made by direct reaction with active metals CH3OH + Na ---> 1/2 H2 + CH3O- Na+ (CH3)3COH + K ---> 1/2 H2 + (CH3)3CO-K+ ...
1. 4-methyl-4-octanol oxidizes to form a) 4-methyl-4
... a) are, are not b) are not, are not c) are, are d) are not, are 21.Of the following, which would have the highest boiling point? a) propane b) propanal c) propanoic acid d) methyl ethyl ether. 22. Of the following aldehydes, which is most soluble in water a) methanoic acid b) ethananoic acid c) prop ...
... a) are, are not b) are not, are not c) are, are d) are not, are 21.Of the following, which would have the highest boiling point? a) propane b) propanal c) propanoic acid d) methyl ethyl ether. 22. Of the following aldehydes, which is most soluble in water a) methanoic acid b) ethananoic acid c) prop ...
Organic Families: Summary Chart
... harder it is to break the bonds. The more C atoms, the higher the boiling point. Alkenes and alkynes are more reactive than alkanes due to their double/triple bonds (unsaturated). Presence of OH group makes alcohol more polar than hydrocarbons. Therefore, boiling point is considerably higher than bo ...
... harder it is to break the bonds. The more C atoms, the higher the boiling point. Alkenes and alkynes are more reactive than alkanes due to their double/triple bonds (unsaturated). Presence of OH group makes alcohol more polar than hydrocarbons. Therefore, boiling point is considerably higher than bo ...
photooxidative degradation of phenyl
... being a biorecalcitrant compound, its destruction needs a modern technique as a photocatalytic oxidation process (an advanced oxidation process). This method based on photocatalysis using TiO2 is particularly attractive for removing organic pollutants from water because it can destroy toxic and haza ...
... being a biorecalcitrant compound, its destruction needs a modern technique as a photocatalytic oxidation process (an advanced oxidation process). This method based on photocatalysis using TiO2 is particularly attractive for removing organic pollutants from water because it can destroy toxic and haza ...
Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Epoxides
... Substitution reactions of activated alcohols (ROH with better LG’s) Dehydration of alcohols via Elimination Reactions Oxidation of Alcohols Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Ethers ...
... Substitution reactions of activated alcohols (ROH with better LG’s) Dehydration of alcohols via Elimination Reactions Oxidation of Alcohols Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions of Ethers ...
Asymmetric Organocatalysis
... One of these approaches consists in activating the acceptors – mostly α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (R4 = H) and ketones (R4 = alkyl) – by reversible conversion to a chiral iminium ion. As shown in Scheme 4.2a, reversible condensation of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound with a chiral secondary ami ...
... One of these approaches consists in activating the acceptors – mostly α,β-unsaturated aldehydes (R4 = H) and ketones (R4 = alkyl) – by reversible conversion to a chiral iminium ion. As shown in Scheme 4.2a, reversible condensation of an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compound with a chiral secondary ami ...
part 1
... Lithium aluminium hydride is very reactive with water and must be used in an anhydrous solvent such as ether t Sodium borohydride is considerably less reactive and can be used in solvents such as water or an alcohol ...
... Lithium aluminium hydride is very reactive with water and must be used in an anhydrous solvent such as ether t Sodium borohydride is considerably less reactive and can be used in solvents such as water or an alcohol ...
i m. pharm. - Rajiv Gandhi University of Health Sciences
... CCTCC M209061, newly isolated from kefir. Compared with other microorganisms that were investigated, Acetobacter sp. CCTCC M209061 was shown to be more effective for the bioreduction reaction and afforded much higher yield and product enantiomeric excess. The optimal buffer pH, co-substrate concentr ...
... CCTCC M209061, newly isolated from kefir. Compared with other microorganisms that were investigated, Acetobacter sp. CCTCC M209061 was shown to be more effective for the bioreduction reaction and afforded much higher yield and product enantiomeric excess. The optimal buffer pH, co-substrate concentr ...
Alcohols
... In a primary (1°) alcohol, the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group. ...
... In a primary (1°) alcohol, the carbon which carries the -OH group is only attached to one alkyl group. ...
Problem Set Chapter 13 Solutions February 28, 2013 13.27 Draw
... Now you just have to figure out what the R group is. In order to have the appropriate molecular formula, it has to include 3 carbons and 5 hydrogens. The doublet in the 1H NMR at 6.36 ppm is likely from an alkene (one proton) and the multiplet at 6.09 ppm is likely from the other side of the alkene. ...
... Now you just have to figure out what the R group is. In order to have the appropriate molecular formula, it has to include 3 carbons and 5 hydrogens. The doublet in the 1H NMR at 6.36 ppm is likely from an alkene (one proton) and the multiplet at 6.09 ppm is likely from the other side of the alkene. ...
CHAPTER 8 - REACTION EXAMPLES (Based on the 6th edition of
... OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE: Ozonolysis In this reaction each of the sp2 carbons involved in the pi bond gets oxidized either to aldehyde or ketone, depending on whether it ends up at the end of a carbon chain or in the middle after the pi bond cleaves. If the oxidized carbon ends up at the end of a carbon ...
... OXIDATIVE CLEAVAGE: Ozonolysis In this reaction each of the sp2 carbons involved in the pi bond gets oxidized either to aldehyde or ketone, depending on whether it ends up at the end of a carbon chain or in the middle after the pi bond cleaves. If the oxidized carbon ends up at the end of a carbon ...
Preparation of alkyl halides There are lots of ways to make alkyl
... And the overall allylic bromination reaction is shown below: ...
... And the overall allylic bromination reaction is shown below: ...
Exam 2 review sheet
... five nucleophilic reactions of aldehyde/ketone: relative reactivity of aldehydes versus ketones; reactions 14 are reversible; (1) hydrate formation; acid or base catalysis; (2) cyanohydrin formation, base catalysis only; (3) hemiacetal formation, acid or base catalysis; acetal formation, only acid c ...
... five nucleophilic reactions of aldehyde/ketone: relative reactivity of aldehydes versus ketones; reactions 14 are reversible; (1) hydrate formation; acid or base catalysis; (2) cyanohydrin formation, base catalysis only; (3) hemiacetal formation, acid or base catalysis; acetal formation, only acid c ...
PPT
... attached. Use the hydrocarbon name of the chain, drop the final –e, and replace it with –ol. Step 2: Number the longest chain to give the lowest number to the carbon with the attached –OH. Step 3: Locate the –OH position. ...
... attached. Use the hydrocarbon name of the chain, drop the final –e, and replace it with –ol. Step 2: Number the longest chain to give the lowest number to the carbon with the attached –OH. Step 3: Locate the –OH position. ...
Kinetic resolution
In organic chemistry, kinetic resolution is a means of differentiating two enantiomers in a racemic mixture. In kinetic resolution, two enantiomers react with different reaction rates in a chemical reaction with a chiral catalyst or reagent, resulting in an enantioenriched sample of the less reactive enantiomer. As opposed to chiral resolution, kinetic resolution does not rely on different physical properties of diastereomeric products, but rather on the different chemical properties of the racemic starting materials. This enantiomeric excess (ee) of the unreacted starting material continually rises as more product is formed, reaching 100% just before full completion of the reaction. Kinetic resolution relies upon differences in reactivity between enantiomers or enantiomeric complexes. Kinetic resolution is a concept in organic chemistry and can be used for the preparation of chiral molecules in organic synthesis. Kinetic resolution reactions utilizing purely synthetic reagents and catalysts are much less common than the use of enzymatic kinetic resolution in application towards organic synthesis, although a number of useful synthetic techniques have been developed in the past 30 years.