Scope and Limitations - Organic Reactions Wiki
... Osmium tetroxide has since established itself as the reagent of choice for the syndihydroxylation of olefins, primarily because of its inertness toward other functional groups and lack of over-oxidation products.4 Researchers from the UpJohn company reported a convenient and reliable procedure for ...
... Osmium tetroxide has since established itself as the reagent of choice for the syndihydroxylation of olefins, primarily because of its inertness toward other functional groups and lack of over-oxidation products.4 Researchers from the UpJohn company reported a convenient and reliable procedure for ...
Reactions of Alcohols and Thiols
... Oxidation of Tertiary ( 3)Alcohols Tertiary 3alcohols do not readily oxidize. [O] Tertiary alcohol no reaction OH ...
... Oxidation of Tertiary ( 3)Alcohols Tertiary 3alcohols do not readily oxidize. [O] Tertiary alcohol no reaction OH ...
Chapter 12 Alcohols, Phenols, Ethers, Aldehydes, and Ketones
... Oxidation of Tertiary ( 3)Alcohols Tertiary 3alcohols do not readily oxidize. [O] Tertiary alcohol no reaction OH ...
... Oxidation of Tertiary ( 3)Alcohols Tertiary 3alcohols do not readily oxidize. [O] Tertiary alcohol no reaction OH ...
Chapter 14-15 - Bakersfield College
... CH2 CH3 • Phenol is the IUPAC name for benzene with a hydroxyl group. ...
... CH2 CH3 • Phenol is the IUPAC name for benzene with a hydroxyl group. ...
CHAPTER 11 BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE:
... Esterifications are acid-catalyzed equilibrium reactions. Catalytic amounts of concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid are used. Usually a large excess of the alcohol (10- or 15-fold) is used to drive the equilibrium to the product side. Product formation can also be promoted by removing the ...
... Esterifications are acid-catalyzed equilibrium reactions. Catalytic amounts of concentrated sulfuric acid or hydrochloric acid are used. Usually a large excess of the alcohol (10- or 15-fold) is used to drive the equilibrium to the product side. Product formation can also be promoted by removing the ...
10.3 PREPARATION OF ETHERS
... However, this reaction is much less useful when ammonia is the nucleophile because the initial product, a primary amine, is a stronger base and a stronger nucleophile than is ammonia. Therefore, the primary amine preferentially reacts as the nucleophile, producing a secondary amine as a by-product ( ...
... However, this reaction is much less useful when ammonia is the nucleophile because the initial product, a primary amine, is a stronger base and a stronger nucleophile than is ammonia. Therefore, the primary amine preferentially reacts as the nucleophile, producing a secondary amine as a by-product ( ...
Chemical Aspects of Distilling Wines into Brandy
... at 1 6 8 ° - 1 7 0 ° proof is usually at its maximum at two trays below the product level (21). This maximum concentration of higher alcohols is about 2 to 2Vz times that of the product and occurs where the tray liquid indicates approximately 1 2 0 ° - 1 3 5 ° proof. Thus the separation of a low oil ...
... at 1 6 8 ° - 1 7 0 ° proof is usually at its maximum at two trays below the product level (21). This maximum concentration of higher alcohols is about 2 to 2Vz times that of the product and occurs where the tray liquid indicates approximately 1 2 0 ° - 1 3 5 ° proof. Thus the separation of a low oil ...
university of london thesis
... The chapter covering results and discussion opens with a brief overview o f the investigational work previously carried out into the Sn I like ring opening o f a model molecule, 1-methylcyclohexene oxide. This is followed by a description o f how a new methodology for the acidic ring opening o f epo ...
... The chapter covering results and discussion opens with a brief overview o f the investigational work previously carried out into the Sn I like ring opening o f a model molecule, 1-methylcyclohexene oxide. This is followed by a description o f how a new methodology for the acidic ring opening o f epo ...
A review of new developments in the Friedel–Crafts - Beilstein
... good to excellent yield and with good ortho/para selectivity. Although different arenes and heteroarenes, including thiophene can be efficiently alkylated, furans did not result in the desired products. In addition to styrene, dihydronaphthalene and α-methylstyrene could be used as electrophiles. In ...
... good to excellent yield and with good ortho/para selectivity. Although different arenes and heteroarenes, including thiophene can be efficiently alkylated, furans did not result in the desired products. In addition to styrene, dihydronaphthalene and α-methylstyrene could be used as electrophiles. In ...
Synthetic applications of ortho esters
... In contrast to acetal derivatives of carbonyl compounds, ortho esters have found surprisingly limited use in organic synthesis [1]. Since ortho esters are among the few carboxylic acid protective groups that demonstrate a high level of stability toward strong nucleophiles and bases, most current app ...
... In contrast to acetal derivatives of carbonyl compounds, ortho esters have found surprisingly limited use in organic synthesis [1]. Since ortho esters are among the few carboxylic acid protective groups that demonstrate a high level of stability toward strong nucleophiles and bases, most current app ...
Presentation
... 45. During the Friedel crafts reaction of anisole with acetyl chloride in presence of anhy AlCl3, the major product obtained is (A)m-methoxy acetophenone (B) o-methoxy acetophenone (C) p-methoxy acetophenone (D) p-methylanisole ...
... 45. During the Friedel crafts reaction of anisole with acetyl chloride in presence of anhy AlCl3, the major product obtained is (A)m-methoxy acetophenone (B) o-methoxy acetophenone (C) p-methoxy acetophenone (D) p-methylanisole ...
Full Text - Journal of the Indian Institute of Science
... and selective dehydrating agent, and can be successfully utilized for the preparation of alkenes from alcohols. However, it went into oblivion for nearly a decade soon after its discovery by E. M. Burgess in 1968. It was Peter Wipf who brought it to the attention of organic chemists through its exte ...
... and selective dehydrating agent, and can be successfully utilized for the preparation of alkenes from alcohols. However, it went into oblivion for nearly a decade soon after its discovery by E. M. Burgess in 1968. It was Peter Wipf who brought it to the attention of organic chemists through its exte ...
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... • Proton is lost from N and adds to O to yield an amino alcohol (carbinolamine) • Protona3on of OH converts it into water as the leaving group • Result is iminium ion, which loses proton • ...
... • Proton is lost from N and adds to O to yield an amino alcohol (carbinolamine) • Protona3on of OH converts it into water as the leaving group • Result is iminium ion, which loses proton • ...
Chapter 22: Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to an
... 22.3: Physical Properties (please read). Like other alcohols the OH group of phenols can participate in hydrogen bonding with other phenol molecules and to water. 22.4: Acidity of Phenols. Phenols are more acidic than aliphatic alcohols pKa ~ 16 H3CH2C O H ...
... 22.3: Physical Properties (please read). Like other alcohols the OH group of phenols can participate in hydrogen bonding with other phenol molecules and to water. 22.4: Acidity of Phenols. Phenols are more acidic than aliphatic alcohols pKa ~ 16 H3CH2C O H ...
Organic Chemistry II / CHEM 252 Chapter 16
... • Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones – The tetrahedral carbon resulting from addition to an aldehyde is less sterically hindered than the tetrahedral carbon resulting from addition to a ketone – Aldehyde carbonyl groups are more electron deficient because they have only one electron- ...
... • Aldehydes are generally more reactive than ketones – The tetrahedral carbon resulting from addition to an aldehyde is less sterically hindered than the tetrahedral carbon resulting from addition to a ketone – Aldehyde carbonyl groups are more electron deficient because they have only one electron- ...
... cleaves, yielding ethylene and a new metal alkylidene. The ethylene formed contains one methylene from the catalyst and one from the starting olefin. The new metal alkylidene contains the metal with its ligands (indicated by the brackets around the metal) and an alkylidene from the substrate alkene. ...
120 Chapter 24: Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to
... Chapter 24: Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to an sp3-hybridized carbon. Phenols contain an OH group bonded to an sp2-hybridized carbon of a benzene ring 24.1: Nomenclature (please read) 24.2: Structure and Bonding (please read) 24.3: Physical Properties (please read). Like other alcoho ...
... Chapter 24: Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to an sp3-hybridized carbon. Phenols contain an OH group bonded to an sp2-hybridized carbon of a benzene ring 24.1: Nomenclature (please read) 24.2: Structure and Bonding (please read) 24.3: Physical Properties (please read). Like other alcoho ...
New System of Deprotection Step for the Hydroxide Radicals: Boron
... Abstract A new efficient method for dealkylation of ethers is reported. Ethers could transform into corresponding alcohols with boron trifluoride etherate and sodium iodide in acetonitrile after hydrolysis. This reaction can proceed at room temperature, and the yield is excellent. It’s useful for de ...
... Abstract A new efficient method for dealkylation of ethers is reported. Ethers could transform into corresponding alcohols with boron trifluoride etherate and sodium iodide in acetonitrile after hydrolysis. This reaction can proceed at room temperature, and the yield is excellent. It’s useful for de ...
Electrophilic Selenium Catalysis with Electrophilic N
... reagents ArSeX (X = Cl, Br, OTf, etc.) have been developed and widely applied in routine synthesis [1–9]. In general, the introduced selenium moiety was further modified via oxidative or reductive manner leading to the formation of non-selenium-containing products. This process was not green and was ...
... reagents ArSeX (X = Cl, Br, OTf, etc.) have been developed and widely applied in routine synthesis [1–9]. In general, the introduced selenium moiety was further modified via oxidative or reductive manner leading to the formation of non-selenium-containing products. This process was not green and was ...
23.2 Alcohols, Ethers, and Amines
... • So, it is sometimes possible for a compound of general structure X—Y to add to a double bond. ...
... • So, it is sometimes possible for a compound of general structure X—Y to add to a double bond. ...
Redox reactions_organic - Welcome to SALEM
... • Only a restricted number of simple, relatively cheap starting materials is available • Include: simple haloalkanes and alcohols of not more than four carbon atoms simple aromatic compounds (e.g. benzene and methylbenzene) ...
... • Only a restricted number of simple, relatively cheap starting materials is available • Include: simple haloalkanes and alcohols of not more than four carbon atoms simple aromatic compounds (e.g. benzene and methylbenzene) ...
HPLC and LC–MS Studies of the Transesterification Reaction of
... positional isomers at the collection stage, the vials were kept on a bed of ice between collections. When the fraction collection was done, the mobile phase in the collected samples was evaporated overnight to dryness with a SpeedVac Plus Concentrator (Model SC210A) (Holbrook, NY). The dry samples w ...
... positional isomers at the collection stage, the vials were kept on a bed of ice between collections. When the fraction collection was done, the mobile phase in the collected samples was evaporated overnight to dryness with a SpeedVac Plus Concentrator (Model SC210A) (Holbrook, NY). The dry samples w ...
4. a-Monohalo Ethers in Protection Chemistry
... (4) (Dimethyl-t-butylsilyloxy)methyl chloride (SOMCl) The usual was to cleave SEM ethers is by treatment with fluoride ions. It has, however, been reported that fluoride cleavage of SEM ethers has failed.[Kozikowski, 1987] In such cases and for the protection of sterically hindered alcohols a relat ...
... (4) (Dimethyl-t-butylsilyloxy)methyl chloride (SOMCl) The usual was to cleave SEM ethers is by treatment with fluoride ions. It has, however, been reported that fluoride cleavage of SEM ethers has failed.[Kozikowski, 1987] In such cases and for the protection of sterically hindered alcohols a relat ...
Improved Synthesis of (3E,6Z,9Z)-1,3,6,9
... The winter moth, Operophtera brumata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is an early-season defoliator that attacks a wide variety of hardwoods and, in some cases, conifers. The insect is native to Europe but has become established in at least three areas of North America including southeastern New England. ...
... The winter moth, Operophtera brumata (Lepidoptera: Geometridae), is an early-season defoliator that attacks a wide variety of hardwoods and, in some cases, conifers. The insect is native to Europe but has become established in at least three areas of North America including southeastern New England. ...
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... Chapter 24: Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to an sp3-hybridized carbon. Phenols contain an OH group bonded to an sp2-hybridized carbon of a benzene ring 24.1: Nomenclature (please read) 24.2: Structure and Bonding (please read) 24.3: Physical Properties (please read). Like other alcoho ...
... Chapter 24: Phenols. Alcohols contain an OH group bonded to an sp3-hybridized carbon. Phenols contain an OH group bonded to an sp2-hybridized carbon of a benzene ring 24.1: Nomenclature (please read) 24.2: Structure and Bonding (please read) 24.3: Physical Properties (please read). Like other alcoho ...
Kinetic resolution
In organic chemistry, kinetic resolution is a means of differentiating two enantiomers in a racemic mixture. In kinetic resolution, two enantiomers react with different reaction rates in a chemical reaction with a chiral catalyst or reagent, resulting in an enantioenriched sample of the less reactive enantiomer. As opposed to chiral resolution, kinetic resolution does not rely on different physical properties of diastereomeric products, but rather on the different chemical properties of the racemic starting materials. This enantiomeric excess (ee) of the unreacted starting material continually rises as more product is formed, reaching 100% just before full completion of the reaction. Kinetic resolution relies upon differences in reactivity between enantiomers or enantiomeric complexes. Kinetic resolution is a concept in organic chemistry and can be used for the preparation of chiral molecules in organic synthesis. Kinetic resolution reactions utilizing purely synthetic reagents and catalysts are much less common than the use of enzymatic kinetic resolution in application towards organic synthesis, although a number of useful synthetic techniques have been developed in the past 30 years.