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6 The gravitational mechanics of the Earth
6 The gravitational mechanics of the Earth

... the orientation of the rotation axes of planets and satellites in the solar system: this plane is called the ecliptic. Most solar system bodies do not move far out of this plane. The Earth's instantaneous rotation or spin is about an axis that is inclined to the ecliptic by about 66j', an algle that ...
Comets
Comets

... Dust tail: broad and gently curved – Rich in dust that reflects sunlight ...
Astronomy Puzzle-1
Astronomy Puzzle-1

... 1. Danish astronomer who is well known for the astronomical observations. In the history, a discovered supernova is named after his name 2. Developed the theories of gravitation and mechanics, and invented differential calculus 3. Developed a simple heliocentric model of the solar system that explai ...
VENUS A VEILED PLANET Transit of Venus 6
VENUS A VEILED PLANET Transit of Venus 6

... dose it from east to west and very very slowly! Probably it was knocked down by an huge impact when solar system was forming as a result its north pole is upside down. ...
Note Packet
Note Packet

... - _________________________ at our latitude. 2. ___________________________________ also change with the season. -On the equinoxes, the sun always rise due east and sets due west. -The rises and sets South of east and west in __________ and _____________. -The Sun rises and sets North of East and We ...
Neptune 1
Neptune 1

... nitrogen gas mixed with dust (possibly silicate and carbonaceous material) 17. Apparently, these plumes rise about 5 miles above the surface, and at this altitude, smoothly flowing winds carry the lofted material downwind for 50 to 100 miles, while maintaining it in streamers that are about 5 miles ...
FOTO Imaging
FOTO Imaging

... This topic will discuss and show the effects of "seeing" conditions – and how, with the use of a webcam style camera, you can create a much sharper image than is visible to the eye through the eyepiece. Steve will demonstrate how a few minutes of computer processing time can produce a very usable im ...
Teacher Resource Guide - Sci-Port
Teacher Resource Guide - Sci-Port

... Formaldehyde (HCHO)—
A chemical compound consisting of four atoms: two of hydrogen, one of carbon, and one of oxygen. At standard temperature and pressure on Earth, formaldehyde is a liquid. In the cold vacuum of space, it is a solid; when hit by sunlight, it becomes a gas. Formaldehyde has been obs ...
PowerPoint Presentation - 5. Universal Laws of Motion
PowerPoint Presentation - 5. Universal Laws of Motion

... • Why does the Moon always show the same face to Earth? The Moon’s synchronous rotation is a result of tidal forces. The Moon may once have rotated much faster, but tidal friction slowed its rotation until it became synchronous with its orbit, at which point tidal friction could not slow the orbit ...
Physics 125 Solar System Astronomy
Physics 125 Solar System Astronomy

... energy to escape gravity. This radius is called the Jean’s radius and the enclosed ass called the Jean’s mass. ...
Age aspects of habitability - Cambridge University Press
Age aspects of habitability - Cambridge University Press

... to have been lost through catastrophic impacts about 4 Ga (e.g., Melosh & Vickery 1989, Webster et al. 2013). Evidence of a heavy bombardment in other exoplanet systems exists: collision-induced hot dust was detected in several young planetary systems. Spectral signatures of warm water- and carbon-r ...
Newton`s Law of Universal Gravitation
Newton`s Law of Universal Gravitation

... 1. Suppose that two objects attract each other with a gravitational force of 16 units. If the distance between the two objects is doubled, what is the new force of attraction between the two objects? 2. Suppose that two objects attract each other with a gravitational force of 16 units. If the distan ...
3.7 Isotope Effect - Institute for Astronomy | ETH
3.7 Isotope Effect - Institute for Astronomy | ETH

... The solar isotope ratios, e.g. 12C/13C = 80, corresponds to the chemical composition of our galaxy 4.6 × 109 years ago at the birthplace of the Sun. A comparison with today’s isotope ratios in the interstellar medium provides important clues on the production rate of heavier elements in stars and al ...
COMETS
COMETS

... a dust and a plasma tail. The shape and development of the former is governed mainly by Sun’s gravitation and radiation pressure. The interaction between coma and solar wind (and magnetic field it carries along) define the latter. While our knowledge about comets is advancing rapidly there are still ...
The Comet Cometh
The Comet Cometh

... of comets. Although never identified spectroscopically, parent molecules are thought to include water, ammonia, methane as well as molecular nitrogen, carbon and carbon dioxide. Whipple has theorized that comets originate at the outer edges of the solar system. If so, their composition should be sim ...
Prof. Kenney C lass 8 September 26, 2016
Prof. Kenney C lass 8 September 26, 2016

... star during normal stellar evolution get locked into neutron star or black hole core ...
Space Information Booklet
Space Information Booklet

... out from the Sun (its inner edge is about at the orbit of Neptune, while its outer edge is about twice that diameter). Kuiper Belt Objects (KBOs) are, as their name implies, objects that originate from or orbit in the Kuiper Belt. Pluto is the only one KBO which was known for more than 60 years. Ma ...
Mark Scheme (Results) Summer 2016 - Edexcel
Mark Scheme (Results) Summer 2016 - Edexcel

... Very accurate measurement of star’s position / astrometry To detect tiny ‘wiggles’ as it is orbited by planet or Radial velocity / Doppler measurement To detect tiny ‘wiggles’ as it is orbited by planet ...
Distance, Size, and Temperature of a Star
Distance, Size, and Temperature of a Star

Comet/asteroid Orbit Determination and Ephemeris Software
Comet/asteroid Orbit Determination and Ephemeris Software

... CODES is written in pure Java - compiled bytecode will run on any system for which a Sun Virtual Machine exists ...
Planetary Radii Across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar
Planetary Radii Across Five Orders of Magnitude in Mass and Stellar

Introduction to Astronomy
Introduction to Astronomy

... • Telescopes - ~4”-20+” – Same stuff as with eyes and Binoculars, but…. – Now you will be able to see objects up to 100’s of times more faint – Ability to see fine detail (resolution) ...
MHD_of_Accretion_Disks
MHD_of_Accretion_Disks

... Our Sun is unusual in that it is alone - most stars occur in multiple or binary systems. In a binary system, the higher mass star will evolve faster and will eventually become a compact object - either a white dwarf star, a neutron star, or black hole. When the lower mass star later evolves into an ...
Star-D_Teacher_Guide - The University of Texas at Dallas
Star-D_Teacher_Guide - The University of Texas at Dallas

... If your students don't use metric units on a regular basis, converting kilometers to miles or meters to feet might help them to understand the distances in the model. A mile is equal to about 1.6 kilometers, and a meter is equal to about 3.3 feet, so the distance between Alpha Centauri A and B is ro ...
Doppler Effect Demo
Doppler Effect Demo

... that are close to the Milky Way actually move toward us and are blue-shifted. However, all galaxies beyond a certain distance are red-shifted. Is it possible to see any planets orbiting other stars? As of the time of this writing (August 2002) no planets have been directly observed. Most extra-solar ...
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Formation and evolution of the Solar System



The formation of the Solar System began 4.6 billion years ago with the gravitational collapse of a small part of a giant molecular cloud. Most of the collapsing mass collected in the center, forming the Sun, while the rest flattened into a protoplanetary disk out of which the planets, moons, asteroids, and other small Solar System bodies formed.This widely accepted model, known as the nebular hypothesis, was first developed in the 18th century by Emanuel Swedenborg, Immanuel Kant, and Pierre-Simon Laplace. Its subsequent development has interwoven a variety of scientific disciplines including astronomy, physics, geology, and planetary science. Since the dawn of the space age in the 1950s and the discovery of extrasolar planets in the 1990s, the model has been both challenged and refined to account for new observations.The Solar System has evolved considerably since its initial formation. Many moons have formed from circling discs of gas and dust around their parent planets, while other moons are thought to have formed independently and later been captured by their planets. Still others, such as the Moon, may be the result of giant collisions. Collisions between bodies have occurred continually up to the present day and have been central to the evolution of the Solar System. The positions of the planets often shifted due to gravitational interactions. This planetary migration is now thought to have been responsible for much of the Solar System's early evolution.In roughly 5 billion years, the Sun will cool and expand outward many times its current diameter (becoming a red giant), before casting off its outer layers as a planetary nebula and leaving behind a stellar remnant known as a white dwarf. In the far distant future, the gravity of passing stars will gradually reduce the Sun's retinue of planets. Some planets will be destroyed, others ejected into interstellar space. Ultimately, over the course of tens of billions of years, it is likely that the Sun will be left with none of the original bodies in orbit around it.
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