Perpetuation of immunological memory
... cells as Jerne cells. These cells are pictorially depicted in Fig. 1. The Burnet B cells, which can be triggered by the antigen, can in turn trigger Jerne B cells whose idiotopes are the antigen mimics. Thus, when Burnet B cells and Jerne B cells interact, clonal expansion of these complementary cel ...
... cells as Jerne cells. These cells are pictorially depicted in Fig. 1. The Burnet B cells, which can be triggered by the antigen, can in turn trigger Jerne B cells whose idiotopes are the antigen mimics. Thus, when Burnet B cells and Jerne B cells interact, clonal expansion of these complementary cel ...
The function of Fcγ receptors in dendritic cells and macrophages
... Box 1 | Use of FcRs to distinguish moDCs and macrophages from cDCs The high-affinity Fc receptor I for IgG (FcγRI; also known as CD64) and the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE (FcεRI) have recently been suggested to be the best markers to separate monocyte-derived cells (that is, macrophages and mo ...
... Box 1 | Use of FcRs to distinguish moDCs and macrophages from cDCs The high-affinity Fc receptor I for IgG (FcγRI; also known as CD64) and the high-affinity Fc receptor for IgE (FcεRI) have recently been suggested to be the best markers to separate monocyte-derived cells (that is, macrophages and mo ...
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Vol.46 No.1
... time.10,19,20 Furthermore, it is conceivable that the immune-privileged status of the eye will cease within a pathological environment, such as upon disruption of the blood—retinal barrier. First clinical trials give evidence that even fetal RPE transplants, which are supposed to be less immunogenic ...
... time.10,19,20 Furthermore, it is conceivable that the immune-privileged status of the eye will cease within a pathological environment, such as upon disruption of the blood—retinal barrier. First clinical trials give evidence that even fetal RPE transplants, which are supposed to be less immunogenic ...
Immunity in the female sheep reproductive tract
... human placenta is strongest on the trophoblasts that cover the peripheral chorionic villi and which constitute the immediate barrier between mother and fetus [35]. Trophoblasts can produce cytokines following TLR4 ligation, but undergo apoptosis following TLR2 ligation [1]. Collectively, these studi ...
... human placenta is strongest on the trophoblasts that cover the peripheral chorionic villi and which constitute the immediate barrier between mother and fetus [35]. Trophoblasts can produce cytokines following TLR4 ligation, but undergo apoptosis following TLR2 ligation [1]. Collectively, these studi ...
Dendritic Cell-Based Immunotherapy
... There is consensus that tumors can be recognized by the immune system. Melanoma is one of the best-defined model tumors. Spontaneous antitumor immune responses have been observed in patients, including regressions of primary tumors. On the other hand, local tumor recurrence and systemic spread is se ...
... There is consensus that tumors can be recognized by the immune system. Melanoma is one of the best-defined model tumors. Spontaneous antitumor immune responses have been observed in patients, including regressions of primary tumors. On the other hand, local tumor recurrence and systemic spread is se ...
The immune response in atherosclerosis: a double
... and apoptotic bodies26. Uptake by scavenger receptors ...
... and apoptotic bodies26. Uptake by scavenger receptors ...
1. What is the lymphatic system and what are its functions? 2. Detail
... A. Diseases-causing agents, also called pathogens, can produce infections within the body. B. The body has two lines of defense against pathogens: nonspecific defenses that guard against any pathogen, and specific defenses (immunity) that mount a response against a very specific target. ...
... A. Diseases-causing agents, also called pathogens, can produce infections within the body. B. The body has two lines of defense against pathogens: nonspecific defenses that guard against any pathogen, and specific defenses (immunity) that mount a response against a very specific target. ...
Overview of the Immune System
... 1. What is innate immunity ? 2. What is adaptive immunity ? 3. What components does the innate branch of the immune system consist of ? 4. What components does the adaptive branch of the immune system consist of ? ...
... 1. What is innate immunity ? 2. What is adaptive immunity ? 3. What components does the innate branch of the immune system consist of ? 4. What components does the adaptive branch of the immune system consist of ? ...
Lecture 4
... More ova ovulated from left ovary than from right. Ova migrate and become evenly spaced in both uterine horns. Four viable embryos are required for continuation of pregnancy As in the bovine there is early (day 11), rapid lateral elongation of the blastocyst. By day 17 it can be 1.5 m long and 2-5mm ...
... More ova ovulated from left ovary than from right. Ova migrate and become evenly spaced in both uterine horns. Four viable embryos are required for continuation of pregnancy As in the bovine there is early (day 11), rapid lateral elongation of the blastocyst. By day 17 it can be 1.5 m long and 2-5mm ...
miR-34a contributes to megakaryocytic differentiation of K562 cells
... To explore the role of miRNAs during K562 cell MK differentiation, we compared miRNA expression in undifferentiated versus TPA-treated cells by miRNA microarray. Within 2 days of TPA treatment, K562 cells stopped proliferating, became adherent, and expressed the MK marker CD41 (supplemental Figure 1 ...
... To explore the role of miRNAs during K562 cell MK differentiation, we compared miRNA expression in undifferentiated versus TPA-treated cells by miRNA microarray. Within 2 days of TPA treatment, K562 cells stopped proliferating, became adherent, and expressed the MK marker CD41 (supplemental Figure 1 ...
Transcription factor networks in B
... (BM). The formation of lineage-restricted progenitors is co-coordinated by the action of transcription factors that activate B-lineage genes as well as restrict alternative cell fates. Analysis of genetically modified mouse models has developed our understanding of the regulatory networks at play in ...
... (BM). The formation of lineage-restricted progenitors is co-coordinated by the action of transcription factors that activate B-lineage genes as well as restrict alternative cell fates. Analysis of genetically modified mouse models has developed our understanding of the regulatory networks at play in ...
Multiple routes to B-cell memory
... Thus, it appears that IgM memory B cells can be generated in both TI and TD responses and in the presence of different adjuvants. Although TI and TD IgM memory cells may qualitatively differ and/or have different precursors, they have overarching characteristics regardless of the response. The popul ...
... Thus, it appears that IgM memory B cells can be generated in both TI and TD responses and in the presence of different adjuvants. Although TI and TD IgM memory cells may qualitatively differ and/or have different precursors, they have overarching characteristics regardless of the response. The popul ...
Pido-Lopez, J., Kwok, W.W., Mitchell, T.J. , Heyderman, R.S., and
... The S. pneumoniae bacteria is a major cause of disease (e.g. pneumonia and meningitis) particularly affecting infants. In most cases bacteria can colonise the nose without causing harm, however colonisation is thought to be a prerequisite of disease. With increasing age colonization and disease, rat ...
... The S. pneumoniae bacteria is a major cause of disease (e.g. pneumonia and meningitis) particularly affecting infants. In most cases bacteria can colonise the nose without causing harm, however colonisation is thought to be a prerequisite of disease. With increasing age colonization and disease, rat ...
Copper, Zinc, and Iron in Normal and Leukemic
... may not be interdependent at variance with other reports (28, 29), and that an active regulation of their intracellular level, possibly at the membrane level, may exist (29-31). In this con text, the higher mineral content of T-cell-enriched preparation may also be due to membrane regulation, perhap ...
... may not be interdependent at variance with other reports (28, 29), and that an active regulation of their intracellular level, possibly at the membrane level, may exist (29-31). In this con text, the higher mineral content of T-cell-enriched preparation may also be due to membrane regulation, perhap ...
Word File - University of Georgia College of Veterinary Medicine
... lymphocytes and their functional activity declines within a few days of birth, and does not approach adult levels until the piglet is 14-21 days old (1). The number of B cells in circulation at birth is lower than generally seen in the adult (1). B cell numbers increase rapidly in the Peyer patches ...
... lymphocytes and their functional activity declines within a few days of birth, and does not approach adult levels until the piglet is 14-21 days old (1). The number of B cells in circulation at birth is lower than generally seen in the adult (1). B cell numbers increase rapidly in the Peyer patches ...
Th1 and Th17 Cells Regulate Innate Immune Responses and
... followed by neutrophil accumulation within 12–24 h, which continues throughout abscess development (11–13). Macrophages accumulate along the abscess margins and are readily detected at day 3 postinfection, and prior work from our laboratory established that rapid pathogen recognition within the CNS ...
... followed by neutrophil accumulation within 12–24 h, which continues throughout abscess development (11–13). Macrophages accumulate along the abscess margins and are readily detected at day 3 postinfection, and prior work from our laboratory established that rapid pathogen recognition within the CNS ...
Article
... The S. pneumoniae bacteria is a major cause of disease (e.g. pneumonia and meningitis) particularly affecting infants. In most cases bacteria can colonise the nose without causing harm, however colonisation is thought to be a prerequisite of disease. With increasing age colonization and disease, rat ...
... The S. pneumoniae bacteria is a major cause of disease (e.g. pneumonia and meningitis) particularly affecting infants. In most cases bacteria can colonise the nose without causing harm, however colonisation is thought to be a prerequisite of disease. With increasing age colonization and disease, rat ...
The dendritic cell subtype-restricted C-type lectin
... sample Ags in peripheral tissues but migrate into lymph nodes (LN) via the lymph, for interaction with T cells.1,7,8 Also found in lymphoid organs are the nonmigratory “lymphoid tissue– resident” cDCs, which arrive in a precursor form from the bloodstream and carry out all their functions within the ...
... sample Ags in peripheral tissues but migrate into lymph nodes (LN) via the lymph, for interaction with T cells.1,7,8 Also found in lymphoid organs are the nonmigratory “lymphoid tissue– resident” cDCs, which arrive in a precursor form from the bloodstream and carry out all their functions within the ...
LECTURE: 30 Title REGULATION OF THE IMMUNE RESPONSE
... The nature of the APC initially presenting the antigen may determine whether responsiveness or tolerance ensues. Effective activation of T cells requires the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on the surface of the APC. Thus presentations by dendritic cells or activated macrophages, which expres ...
... The nature of the APC initially presenting the antigen may determine whether responsiveness or tolerance ensues. Effective activation of T cells requires the expression of co-stimulatory molecules on the surface of the APC. Thus presentations by dendritic cells or activated macrophages, which expres ...
maturation of humoral immune responses
... involved in such fundamental cellular processes as differentiation, activation and apoptosis, while the secreted form is capable of both directly neutralizing foreign antigen as well as recruiting other effector systems. The Ig consists of four polypeptide chains paired together, two larger chains, ...
... involved in such fundamental cellular processes as differentiation, activation and apoptosis, while the secreted form is capable of both directly neutralizing foreign antigen as well as recruiting other effector systems. The Ig consists of four polypeptide chains paired together, two larger chains, ...
Immunological Aspects of Atherosclerosis
... that rupture tend to have a large lipid core, inflammatory cell infiltration of the fibrous cap and adventitia, and a thin cap depleted of smooth muscle cells. Depletion of matrix components from the fibrous cap caused by an imbalance between synthesis and breakdown leads to cap thinning (Ravn and F ...
... that rupture tend to have a large lipid core, inflammatory cell infiltration of the fibrous cap and adventitia, and a thin cap depleted of smooth muscle cells. Depletion of matrix components from the fibrous cap caused by an imbalance between synthesis and breakdown leads to cap thinning (Ravn and F ...
Trogocytosis-associated cell to cell spread of intracellular bacterial
... The exchange of plasma membrane proteins between eukaryotic cells occurs through a mechanism termed trogocytosis (trogo = Greek for nibble) (Joly and Hudrisier, 2003). For trogocytosis to occur two cells form a transient intimate interaction during which the membranes appear to fuse. The cells event ...
... The exchange of plasma membrane proteins between eukaryotic cells occurs through a mechanism termed trogocytosis (trogo = Greek for nibble) (Joly and Hudrisier, 2003). For trogocytosis to occur two cells form a transient intimate interaction during which the membranes appear to fuse. The cells event ...
Lymphopoiesis
Lymphopoiesis (lĭm'fō-poi-ē'sĭs) (or lymphocytopoiesis) is the generation of lymphocytes, one of the five types of white blood cell (WBC). It is more formally known as lymphoid hematopoiesis.Pathosis in lymphopoiesis leads to any of various lymphoproliferative disorders, such as the lymphomas and lymphoid leukemias.