IGEM BOOT CAMP
... mostly of one large circle of DNA 4-5 million base pairs (mbp) in length, with small loops of DNA called plasmids, usually ranging from 5,000-10,000 base pairs in length, present in the cytoplasm. It is these plasmids that bacteria can transfer back and forth, allowing them to share genes among one ...
... mostly of one large circle of DNA 4-5 million base pairs (mbp) in length, with small loops of DNA called plasmids, usually ranging from 5,000-10,000 base pairs in length, present in the cytoplasm. It is these plasmids that bacteria can transfer back and forth, allowing them to share genes among one ...
Introduction to Genetics - Course ON-LINE
... • Different alleles of a certain gene can be expressed unequally or equally. • In the first case an allele that has more effect in phenotype is dominant while other is recessive. • In the second case both alleles phenotypes appear and it is mentioned with co-dominance. • If phenotype is appear as in ...
... • Different alleles of a certain gene can be expressed unequally or equally. • In the first case an allele that has more effect in phenotype is dominant while other is recessive. • In the second case both alleles phenotypes appear and it is mentioned with co-dominance. • If phenotype is appear as in ...
Document
... C) (4pts) If you have a CCCCCUGGCU RNA binding protein in a given cell, then what are the most likely splice patterns you would observe in the mRNA for that cell? Be specific using exon numbers and letters. ...
... C) (4pts) If you have a CCCCCUGGCU RNA binding protein in a given cell, then what are the most likely splice patterns you would observe in the mRNA for that cell? Be specific using exon numbers and letters. ...
BIG IDEA 3 3.A.1 Genetic information is transmitted from one
... EUKARYOTIC GENE EXPRESSION REVIEW ...
... EUKARYOTIC GENE EXPRESSION REVIEW ...
Protein Synthesis PP
... codes for phenylalanine in an armadillo, a cactus, a yeast, or a human. This suggests that all organisms arose ...
... codes for phenylalanine in an armadillo, a cactus, a yeast, or a human. This suggests that all organisms arose ...
Introduction to Molecular Cell Biology (not tought by SK in 2010)
... inactivating mutations in genes which scientists are interested in. 9 Genes may be dormant or “expressed” – this is when they start producing numerous molecules of mRNA and protein. ...
... inactivating mutations in genes which scientists are interested in. 9 Genes may be dormant or “expressed” – this is when they start producing numerous molecules of mRNA and protein. ...
Mutation
... Bromine and some compounds that contain bromine in their chemical structure. Sodium azide, an azide salt that is a common reagent in organic synthesis and a component in many car airbag systems Psoralen combined with ultraviolet radiation causes DNA crosslinking and hence chromosome breakage. Benzen ...
... Bromine and some compounds that contain bromine in their chemical structure. Sodium azide, an azide salt that is a common reagent in organic synthesis and a component in many car airbag systems Psoralen combined with ultraviolet radiation causes DNA crosslinking and hence chromosome breakage. Benzen ...
Topic J09: Molecular-biological methods
... Watch the video clip illustrating the process of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Read the following text and explain the terms in the table. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique widely used in molecular biology. With PCR it is possible to amplify a single or few copies of a piece of D ...
... Watch the video clip illustrating the process of polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Read the following text and explain the terms in the table. The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique widely used in molecular biology. With PCR it is possible to amplify a single or few copies of a piece of D ...
Functional groups - Montgomery County Schools
... 2) phosphate group 3) nitrogenous base (1 of 4) ...
... 2) phosphate group 3) nitrogenous base (1 of 4) ...
The Living Cell - Carnegie Institution for Science
... Meiosis is sexual reproduction 1 cell forms 4 gametes Gametes are genetically unique ...
... Meiosis is sexual reproduction 1 cell forms 4 gametes Gametes are genetically unique ...
The basis of specific ligand recognition by proteins
... Interfaces of molecular complexes with proteins exhibit significant and relevant mobility, also referred to as fluctuating networks of interactions; these often involve water molecules with very short residence times. The general problem of mobility will be addressed by specifically looking at inter ...
... Interfaces of molecular complexes with proteins exhibit significant and relevant mobility, also referred to as fluctuating networks of interactions; these often involve water molecules with very short residence times. The general problem of mobility will be addressed by specifically looking at inter ...
Positive Strand RNA Viruses
... entry site or IRES) which enables ribosomes to bind without having to recognize a 5' methylated cap structure • Most host cell translation is cap-dependent, so this inhibits a lot of host protein synthesis but not viral protein synthesis. ...
... entry site or IRES) which enables ribosomes to bind without having to recognize a 5' methylated cap structure • Most host cell translation is cap-dependent, so this inhibits a lot of host protein synthesis but not viral protein synthesis. ...
Phenotypic effects and variations in the genetic material (part 2)
... be a case of transformation of cells to an abnormal state. For the cell to overcome this damage, a variety of repair mechanisms have evolved that serve to reverse the effects of some spontaneous and induced mutations as pyrimidine dimers and nucleotide excision repair. UV radiation is less energetic ...
... be a case of transformation of cells to an abnormal state. For the cell to overcome this damage, a variety of repair mechanisms have evolved that serve to reverse the effects of some spontaneous and induced mutations as pyrimidine dimers and nucleotide excision repair. UV radiation is less energetic ...
04b Carbohydrates-student note
... _________________________ (destruction of shape) will result in a loss of function ...
... _________________________ (destruction of shape) will result in a loss of function ...
How RNA machinery navigates our genomic obstacle
... differentiation to cancer. An artist’s rendering of transcription. Credit: Leidy Churchman ...
... differentiation to cancer. An artist’s rendering of transcription. Credit: Leidy Churchman ...
Gene Manipulation-2 - Workforce Solutions
... This product was funded by a grant awarded under the President’s Community-Based Job Training Grants as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. The information contained in this product was created by a grantee organization and does not necessarily refle ...
... This product was funded by a grant awarded under the President’s Community-Based Job Training Grants as implemented by the U.S. Department of Labor’s Employment and Training Administration. The information contained in this product was created by a grantee organization and does not necessarily refle ...
No Slide Title
... The DNA message for a specific protein is copied into RNA which leaves through nuclear pore and delivered message to the ribosome ...
... The DNA message for a specific protein is copied into RNA which leaves through nuclear pore and delivered message to the ribosome ...
DNA Scientists Formative Assessment
... 7. Stated that the percent of adenine = thymine and cytosine = guanine. 8. In 1944 found that DNA is the transforming factor in Griffith’s experiment. 9. Determined, through studying the experiments of others and viewing the X-ray diffraction picture, that DNA was in the shape of a double helix. 10. ...
... 7. Stated that the percent of adenine = thymine and cytosine = guanine. 8. In 1944 found that DNA is the transforming factor in Griffith’s experiment. 9. Determined, through studying the experiments of others and viewing the X-ray diffraction picture, that DNA was in the shape of a double helix. 10. ...
Test Review Questions
... 1. Natural selection acts on _______________________. 2. Natural selection acts on the _______________________, not a single gene. 3. A _______________________ is a group of individuals of the ___________ species that live in the same area and interbreed. 4. True or false? A gene pool consists of al ...
... 1. Natural selection acts on _______________________. 2. Natural selection acts on the _______________________, not a single gene. 3. A _______________________ is a group of individuals of the ___________ species that live in the same area and interbreed. 4. True or false? A gene pool consists of al ...
Chapter 14 When Allele Frequencies Stay Constant
... 1. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium only applies when natural selection is not occurring. It applies to DNA repeats and other sequences that do not alter evolutionary fitness. 2. DNA repeats are found throughout the genome. 3. Copy number variants can be used for identification. 4. Individuals may be homo ...
... 1. Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium only applies when natural selection is not occurring. It applies to DNA repeats and other sequences that do not alter evolutionary fitness. 2. DNA repeats are found throughout the genome. 3. Copy number variants can be used for identification. 4. Individuals may be homo ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.