Functional analysis of plastid DNA replication origins in tobacco by
... tobacco plastome mutants showing deletions or disruptions of these sequences were generated by plastid transformation. Targeted modification of the plastome can be achieved by using transformation vectors containing plastid DNA sequences, which allow homologous recombination with the plastome (Svab ...
... tobacco plastome mutants showing deletions or disruptions of these sequences were generated by plastid transformation. Targeted modification of the plastome can be achieved by using transformation vectors containing plastid DNA sequences, which allow homologous recombination with the plastome (Svab ...
TRANSPOSON INSERTION SITE VERIFICATION
... Please let me know how you get on. We are trying to collate information on confirmed insertions sites in the SM collections to define a confirmed unigene set. The JGL will update ATIdb and NASC with information on which lines have been verified (your details will be treated in confidence). INSERTION ...
... Please let me know how you get on. We are trying to collate information on confirmed insertions sites in the SM collections to define a confirmed unigene set. The JGL will update ATIdb and NASC with information on which lines have been verified (your details will be treated in confidence). INSERTION ...
A Primer on Gene Regulation
... or, alternatively, as a dissociation constant, which is simply the inverse of the association constant or, in this case, 10-13 M. The lac operon is subject to both positive and negative control Although the lac operon was and is a paradigmatic example of negative control, it later emerged that it is ...
... or, alternatively, as a dissociation constant, which is simply the inverse of the association constant or, in this case, 10-13 M. The lac operon is subject to both positive and negative control Although the lac operon was and is a paradigmatic example of negative control, it later emerged that it is ...
SN1 Question Paper Sum 2007
... Sunil has angina and has been recommended to control his diet to reduce his chance of a ...
... Sunil has angina and has been recommended to control his diet to reduce his chance of a ...
Proteins and Enzymes
... How much protein should you eat/day? Multiply your weight in pounds by 0.4 to estimate how many grams of protein you need each day. For example, a female who weighs 120 lbs would need about 48 grams of protein (120 lbs x 0.4 = 48 grams). ...
... How much protein should you eat/day? Multiply your weight in pounds by 0.4 to estimate how many grams of protein you need each day. For example, a female who weighs 120 lbs would need about 48 grams of protein (120 lbs x 0.4 = 48 grams). ...
Bacteria Transformation
... Irene is 10 years old and in the last few weeks, she suddenly experienced extreme tiredness, weight loss, and increased thirst. Her parents were concerned, so they took her to the doctor. Dr. Ross took Irene’s blood to test for her blood sugar. The results of the test indicated that she was a diabet ...
... Irene is 10 years old and in the last few weeks, she suddenly experienced extreme tiredness, weight loss, and increased thirst. Her parents were concerned, so they took her to the doctor. Dr. Ross took Irene’s blood to test for her blood sugar. The results of the test indicated that she was a diabet ...
BCHM 463 Supplemental Problems for Friday, April 2, 2004 1. Write
... 2. During glycolysis, how many ADP molecules are converted to ATP. Explain this answer with regard to your answer to #1. 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolicall ...
... 2. During glycolysis, how many ADP molecules are converted to ATP. Explain this answer with regard to your answer to #1. 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolicall ...
Video Clip: Supersize Me in 7 Minutes
... **The active site of the enzyme and the shape of the substrate __ together like the pieces of a ______ or lock and ____. If the shape of the substrate doesn’t fit the _____ site, then that enzyme will not work with that substrate.** ...
... **The active site of the enzyme and the shape of the substrate __ together like the pieces of a ______ or lock and ____. If the shape of the substrate doesn’t fit the _____ site, then that enzyme will not work with that substrate.** ...
Bifunctional Asymmetric Catalysis: Cooperative Lewis Acid/Base
... instead of activating the imine.9 They use a cinchona alkaloid nucleophile in conjunction with a Lewis acid to form β-lactams from aryl imines and phenoxyacetyl chloride. In this system, bidentate metal-enolate binding is preferred to monodentate metal-imine binding for hard Lewis acids. We had prev ...
... instead of activating the imine.9 They use a cinchona alkaloid nucleophile in conjunction with a Lewis acid to form β-lactams from aryl imines and phenoxyacetyl chloride. In this system, bidentate metal-enolate binding is preferred to monodentate metal-imine binding for hard Lewis acids. We had prev ...
POB3 Is Required for Both Transcription and Replication
... Spt16 and Pob3 form stable heterodimers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and homologous proteins have also been purified as complexes from diverse eukaryotes. This conserved factor has been implicated in both transcription and replication and may affect both by altering the characteristics of chromatin. ...
... Spt16 and Pob3 form stable heterodimers in Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and homologous proteins have also been purified as complexes from diverse eukaryotes. This conserved factor has been implicated in both transcription and replication and may affect both by altering the characteristics of chromatin. ...
glycan associated protein of Legionella (PpiA)
... position 639-615). Oligonucleotide synthesis was performed by the automated phosphoramididite coupling method 22 (TIB MOLBIOL, Berlin, Germany). The PCR solution contained 100 mM KCI, 20 mM Tris-CI (pH 8.3), 0.02% gelatine, 2 mM MgCI 2 , 200 J.LM each ot the deoxynucleosidetriphosphates, 0.5 J.LM ea ...
... position 639-615). Oligonucleotide synthesis was performed by the automated phosphoramididite coupling method 22 (TIB MOLBIOL, Berlin, Germany). The PCR solution contained 100 mM KCI, 20 mM Tris-CI (pH 8.3), 0.02% gelatine, 2 mM MgCI 2 , 200 J.LM each ot the deoxynucleosidetriphosphates, 0.5 J.LM ea ...
Enzymes - كنانة أونلاين
... fermentation of sugar to alcohol by yeast, Louis Pasteur came to the conclusion that this fermentation was catalyzed by a vital force contained within the yeast cells called "ferments", which were thought to function only within living organisms. He wrote that "alcoholic fermentation is an act corre ...
... fermentation of sugar to alcohol by yeast, Louis Pasteur came to the conclusion that this fermentation was catalyzed by a vital force contained within the yeast cells called "ferments", which were thought to function only within living organisms. He wrote that "alcoholic fermentation is an act corre ...
ppt presentation
... Physical „BAC“ map of genome • Arrangement (position, orientation) of individual BAC in the genome • Fundamental for classical sequencing • Very usefull for assembly of „shotgun“ sequences How to make the map from BACs with unknown sequence? ...
... Physical „BAC“ map of genome • Arrangement (position, orientation) of individual BAC in the genome • Fundamental for classical sequencing • Very usefull for assembly of „shotgun“ sequences How to make the map from BACs with unknown sequence? ...
Carcinoembryonic Antigens - The Journal of Cell Biology
... from the L-cell transfectant line, 23.4 11+ that had been selected for the expression of CEA isoantigens (Kamarck et al., 1987). Use of the CEA partial cDNA insert, LV7, as probe identified multiple hybridizing RNA bands with approximate molecular sizes of 3.9, 3.7, 2.2, and 1.8 kb (Fig. 1, lane a). ...
... from the L-cell transfectant line, 23.4 11+ that had been selected for the expression of CEA isoantigens (Kamarck et al., 1987). Use of the CEA partial cDNA insert, LV7, as probe identified multiple hybridizing RNA bands with approximate molecular sizes of 3.9, 3.7, 2.2, and 1.8 kb (Fig. 1, lane a). ...
LABORATORY 3: Site-Directed Mutagenesis of Blue
... INTRODUCTION: Studies on the effects of mutations on organisms initially focused on the generation of random mutations in chromosomal DNA (such as those induced by X-rays and chemicals). Although these methods of random mutagenesis provided a valuable tool for classical genetic studies, the usefulne ...
... INTRODUCTION: Studies on the effects of mutations on organisms initially focused on the generation of random mutations in chromosomal DNA (such as those induced by X-rays and chemicals). Although these methods of random mutagenesis provided a valuable tool for classical genetic studies, the usefulne ...
RNA 3`-terminal phosphate cyclases and cyclase
... NA molecules bearing terminal 2’,3’-cyclic phosphate are quite common in nature. For example, 2’,3’-cyclic phosphate termini are produced during RNA cleavage by many endoribonucleases either as intermediates or final products. Many RNA-based nucleases (ribozymes) also generate cyclic phosphate termi ...
... NA molecules bearing terminal 2’,3’-cyclic phosphate are quite common in nature. For example, 2’,3’-cyclic phosphate termini are produced during RNA cleavage by many endoribonucleases either as intermediates or final products. Many RNA-based nucleases (ribozymes) also generate cyclic phosphate termi ...
Cloning, characterization and in vitro and in planta expression of a
... b(1,6)glucan elicitors that are released during this process are perceived by the plant, by a presumed plasma membrane-bound receptor, and a signaling cascade is initiated, resulting in the up-regulation of a number of plant defenses. Since the recent identification of GIPs, studies have focused on ...
... b(1,6)glucan elicitors that are released during this process are perceived by the plant, by a presumed plasma membrane-bound receptor, and a signaling cascade is initiated, resulting in the up-regulation of a number of plant defenses. Since the recent identification of GIPs, studies have focused on ...
Cooperative Lewis Acid/Base Systems
... instead of activating the imine.9 They use a cinchona alkaloid nucleophile in conjunction with a Lewis acid to form β-lactams from aryl imines and phenoxyacetyl chloride. In this system, bidentate metal-enolate binding is preferred to monodentate metal-imine binding for hard Lewis acids. We had prev ...
... instead of activating the imine.9 They use a cinchona alkaloid nucleophile in conjunction with a Lewis acid to form β-lactams from aryl imines and phenoxyacetyl chloride. In this system, bidentate metal-enolate binding is preferred to monodentate metal-imine binding for hard Lewis acids. We had prev ...
Bio.Seq.Seq
... Returns a Seq object with gap characters removed. See the documentation for details. myseq.transcribe() ...
... Returns a Seq object with gap characters removed. See the documentation for details. myseq.transcribe() ...
A SOLUBLE RIBONUCLEIC ACID INTERMEDIATE IN PROTEIN
... irreversibly into cY-peptide linkage in protein has been used in our laboratories for a number of years as a measure of protein synthesis. The essential components of this system are the microsomal ribonucleoprotein particles, certain enzymes derived from the soluble protein fraction, adenosine trip ...
... irreversibly into cY-peptide linkage in protein has been used in our laboratories for a number of years as a measure of protein synthesis. The essential components of this system are the microsomal ribonucleoprotein particles, certain enzymes derived from the soluble protein fraction, adenosine trip ...
Marker assisted selection for crop improvement
... markers may be more reliable due to the influence of environmental factors on field trials. In some cases, using DNA markers may be more cost effective than the screening for the target trait. Another benefit from using MAS is that the total number of lines that need to be tested may be reduced. Sin ...
... markers may be more reliable due to the influence of environmental factors on field trials. In some cases, using DNA markers may be more cost effective than the screening for the target trait. Another benefit from using MAS is that the total number of lines that need to be tested may be reduced. Sin ...
E. coli
... Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are an important family of protein enzymes that play a key role in protein biosynthesis. ARSs catalyze the covalent attachment of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNA (tRNA). They are multi-domain proteins, with domains that have distinct roles in aminoacylatio ...
... Aminoacyl tRNA synthetases (ARSs) are an important family of protein enzymes that play a key role in protein biosynthesis. ARSs catalyze the covalent attachment of amino acids to their cognate transfer RNA (tRNA). They are multi-domain proteins, with domains that have distinct roles in aminoacylatio ...
mutations, and several investigators have characterized eight
... patient’s muscle and cultured fibroblasts (2 ). To further increase the safety margin, we measure respiratory chain complex activities in native and cultured chorionic villi. This policy was adopted after we had another patient with complex I deficiency in whom the native chorionic villi had normal ...
... patient’s muscle and cultured fibroblasts (2 ). To further increase the safety margin, we measure respiratory chain complex activities in native and cultured chorionic villi. This policy was adopted after we had another patient with complex I deficiency in whom the native chorionic villi had normal ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.