The molecular epidemiology of iridovirus in Murray cod
... To confirm that the primer pairs would be unlikely to amplify non-target DNA, a nucleotide BLAST search was performed [34] through NCBI. An E-value of 1.0 was arbitrarily chosen as a limit. If both primers in the pair had E-values of less than 1.0 for the same non-target DNA, they were excluded. Can ...
... To confirm that the primer pairs would be unlikely to amplify non-target DNA, a nucleotide BLAST search was performed [34] through NCBI. An E-value of 1.0 was arbitrarily chosen as a limit. If both primers in the pair had E-values of less than 1.0 for the same non-target DNA, they were excluded. Can ...
BCHM 463 Supplemental Problems for Friday, April 9, 2004 1. a
... 7. Compare the relative efficiencies (in ATP’s per glucose oxidized) of glucose oxidation via glycolysis + the citric acid cycle vs. glucose oxidation via the pentose phosphate pathway + glycolysis. (Assume that NADH and NADPH are each equivalent to three ATPs and that FADH is equivalent to 2 ATPs.) ...
... 7. Compare the relative efficiencies (in ATP’s per glucose oxidized) of glucose oxidation via glycolysis + the citric acid cycle vs. glucose oxidation via the pentose phosphate pathway + glycolysis. (Assume that NADH and NADPH are each equivalent to three ATPs and that FADH is equivalent to 2 ATPs.) ...
A Sex Chromosome Rearrangement in a Human XX
... paternal meiosis could be the cause of XX maleness. Human XX males are sterile men with a 46,Xx karyotype; most cases occur sporadically, at a frequency of about 1 per 20,000 males (reviewed in de la Chapelle, 1981). The abnormal X-Y interchange would result in the transfer of a part of the Y chromo ...
... paternal meiosis could be the cause of XX maleness. Human XX males are sterile men with a 46,Xx karyotype; most cases occur sporadically, at a frequency of about 1 per 20,000 males (reviewed in de la Chapelle, 1981). The abnormal X-Y interchange would result in the transfer of a part of the Y chromo ...
Characterization of the IEll0 Gene of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1
... (Rixon et al., 1984) on the leftward 5' to 3' strand of IRL, giving a span of 3587 residues. Since the size of the m R N A , including the poly(A) tail, was estimated from agarose gel electrophoresis to be 3 kb (Watson et al., 1979), it seemed probable that the m R N A was spliced. Fig. 2 gives a su ...
... (Rixon et al., 1984) on the leftward 5' to 3' strand of IRL, giving a span of 3587 residues. Since the size of the m R N A , including the poly(A) tail, was estimated from agarose gel electrophoresis to be 3 kb (Watson et al., 1979), it seemed probable that the m R N A was spliced. Fig. 2 gives a su ...
Protein and DNA Sequence Comparison
... PSI-BLAST estimates the E values of all local alignments found. Because profile substitution scores are constructed to a fixed scale, and gap scores remain independent of position, the statistical theory and parameters for BLAST alignments remain applicable to profile alignments. ...
... PSI-BLAST estimates the E values of all local alignments found. Because profile substitution scores are constructed to a fixed scale, and gap scores remain independent of position, the statistical theory and parameters for BLAST alignments remain applicable to profile alignments. ...
Development of Small Designer Aldolase Enzymes: Catalytic Activity
... peptides are more useful and convenient than large proteins, as long as they provide the same function, because small peptides can be more easily prepared and their characterization is simpler. However, fundamental questions remain to be answered: Can small peptides attain the catalytic efficiency o ...
... peptides are more useful and convenient than large proteins, as long as they provide the same function, because small peptides can be more easily prepared and their characterization is simpler. However, fundamental questions remain to be answered: Can small peptides attain the catalytic efficiency o ...
... Enthalpy: Since the alanine is in the core, its sidechain is making extensive van der Waals interactions with other residues. Replacement by Gly will cause the loss of these interactions, therefore the enthalphy required for denaturation will decrease. Entropy: The sidechain of alanine is more non-p ...
Expressing the multifunctional nucleoside kinase of : Drosophila melanogaster Shuba Krishnan
... 4.1 Construction of the Dm-dNK mice In order to study the expression of Dm-dNK, a mouse strain expressing Dm-dNK was constructed. CMV promoter/enhancer was used for the Dm-dNK transgene which was amplified using PCR and cloned into pCDNA3 vector. The transgene was cut from the vector using Bgl II an ...
... 4.1 Construction of the Dm-dNK mice In order to study the expression of Dm-dNK, a mouse strain expressing Dm-dNK was constructed. CMV promoter/enhancer was used for the Dm-dNK transgene which was amplified using PCR and cloned into pCDNA3 vector. The transgene was cut from the vector using Bgl II an ...
Answer Key for the Supplemental Problem Set #1
... 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolically irreversible steps of glycolysis? What general type of reaction is catalyzed by these enzymes? Why are these reactions ...
... 4 ADP molecules are converted into ATP. There is a net gain of only 2 ATP molecules because 2 are consumed during the first stage of glycolysis. 3. What are the three metabolically irreversible steps of glycolysis? What general type of reaction is catalyzed by these enzymes? Why are these reactions ...
The past, present and future of plant breeding
... series issue, we outline how the crops we know today have evolved from nature, with particular emphasis on the role humans have played. Since agriculture began around 10,000 years ago, humans have adapted plants to suit their purposes. To start with, only the best-performing plants that nature provi ...
... series issue, we outline how the crops we know today have evolved from nature, with particular emphasis on the role humans have played. Since agriculture began around 10,000 years ago, humans have adapted plants to suit their purposes. To start with, only the best-performing plants that nature provi ...
human genetic disorders part 2–diagnosis and treatment
... is blood sample which is a very good source of DNA or RNA for molecular diagnostics. Alternative to blood samples are Mouthwashes or buccal scrapes that may be collected very noninvasively and these samples are useful in population screening studies. To obtain fetal DNA, chorionic villous biopsy or ...
... is blood sample which is a very good source of DNA or RNA for molecular diagnostics. Alternative to blood samples are Mouthwashes or buccal scrapes that may be collected very noninvasively and these samples are useful in population screening studies. To obtain fetal DNA, chorionic villous biopsy or ...
Enzymes_Group A
... -Can bind to both enzyme and ES complex. -I binds to a site other than the active site. - binding of I to E reduces its activity but does not affect the binding of substrate -Vmax will decrease due to the inability for the reaction to proceed efficiently -Km will remain constant as the actual bindin ...
... -Can bind to both enzyme and ES complex. -I binds to a site other than the active site. - binding of I to E reduces its activity but does not affect the binding of substrate -Vmax will decrease due to the inability for the reaction to proceed efficiently -Km will remain constant as the actual bindin ...
qRT-PCR Primer Design Using IDT Primer Quest Dr. Ray Enke Bio
... ensure that trace amounts of contaminating genomic DNA do not amplify in the qPCR reaction following cDNA synthesis. Furthermore, quantitative PCR (qPCR) primers have an additional rule on top of all of the others. The PCR product (or amplicon) must be very short (~75-120 nt) in order to be quickly ...
... ensure that trace amounts of contaminating genomic DNA do not amplify in the qPCR reaction following cDNA synthesis. Furthermore, quantitative PCR (qPCR) primers have an additional rule on top of all of the others. The PCR product (or amplicon) must be very short (~75-120 nt) in order to be quickly ...
The hSEP1 gene is a novel candidate tumor suppressor gene in
... OGS has a genetic predisposition since children experience significantly less environmental exposure than individuals of advanced age. To date, only a few genes such as the p53 and Rb (which are associated with cancers of diverse types) have been shown to be also associated with OGS (2,3). However, ...
... OGS has a genetic predisposition since children experience significantly less environmental exposure than individuals of advanced age. To date, only a few genes such as the p53 and Rb (which are associated with cancers of diverse types) have been shown to be also associated with OGS (2,3). However, ...
Registration Form - Wellesley College
... Registration for Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules and Infectious Agent Research III-D-3-e Infectious or defective viruses in the presence of helper virus in tissue culture not covered in III-D above. IBC reserves the right to determine Risk Group Classification for novel agents. III-D ...
... Registration for Recombinant or Synthetic Nucleic Acid Molecules and Infectious Agent Research III-D-3-e Infectious or defective viruses in the presence of helper virus in tissue culture not covered in III-D above. IBC reserves the right to determine Risk Group Classification for novel agents. III-D ...
DNA ANALYSIS: Public vs private access to the human genome
... bioinformatics: The use of computing to analyze and store gene and protein sequences. BLAST: Programs which compare nucleotide or protein sequences and look for similarities. For example, BLAST can be used to find a human gene like that of a known mouse or fruit fly gene. In drug discovery, regions ...
... bioinformatics: The use of computing to analyze and store gene and protein sequences. BLAST: Programs which compare nucleotide or protein sequences and look for similarities. For example, BLAST can be used to find a human gene like that of a known mouse or fruit fly gene. In drug discovery, regions ...
CS262 Lecture 19: Human Population Genomics Continued 1
... We can see evidence of this expansion and removal of variation in haplotypes during positive selection of an allele. Observing this trend can help us identify positive selection in recent years. A derived allele is an allele that presumably appeared in humans rather than in a common ancestor like a ...
... We can see evidence of this expansion and removal of variation in haplotypes during positive selection of an allele. Observing this trend can help us identify positive selection in recent years. A derived allele is an allele that presumably appeared in humans rather than in a common ancestor like a ...
19 Dr. Nafez Abu Tarboosh Qusai Al Sharef
... carbonyl ketone group (on C 2) so the bonds around this carbon will be weaken (between c1 and c2) and C1 will leave as a carboxylic group and this is why we call it decarboxylation reaction. Thiamine is rapidly converted to its active form thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) in the brain and liver. ...
... carbonyl ketone group (on C 2) so the bonds around this carbon will be weaken (between c1 and c2) and C1 will leave as a carboxylic group and this is why we call it decarboxylation reaction. Thiamine is rapidly converted to its active form thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP) in the brain and liver. ...
Recombinant DNA and Research with Animals
... Applies when research animals are of a size or have growth requirements that preclude laboratory containment ...
... Applies when research animals are of a size or have growth requirements that preclude laboratory containment ...
Enzymes - دانشکده پزشکی
... – Practical idea of the catalytic efficiency, i.e. how often a molecule of substrate that is bound reacts to give product. ...
... – Practical idea of the catalytic efficiency, i.e. how often a molecule of substrate that is bound reacts to give product. ...
zChap04_140901 - Online Open Genetics
... deletion if errors are made during strand rejoining. Furthermore, having so many similar TE sequences distributed throughout a chromosome sometimes allows mispairing of regions of homologous chromosomes at meiosis, which can cause unequal crossing-over, resulting in deletion or duplication of large ...
... deletion if errors are made during strand rejoining. Furthermore, having so many similar TE sequences distributed throughout a chromosome sometimes allows mispairing of regions of homologous chromosomes at meiosis, which can cause unequal crossing-over, resulting in deletion or duplication of large ...
Enzymes
... Allosteric Regulation of Enzymes • Allosteric regulation is the term used to describe cases where a protein’s function at one site is affected by binding of a regulatory molecule at another site • Allosteric regulation may either inhibit or stimulate an enzyme’s activity ...
... Allosteric Regulation of Enzymes • Allosteric regulation is the term used to describe cases where a protein’s function at one site is affected by binding of a regulatory molecule at another site • Allosteric regulation may either inhibit or stimulate an enzyme’s activity ...
Functional analysis of plastid DNA replication origins in tobacco by
... tobacco plastome mutants showing deletions or disruptions of these sequences were generated by plastid transformation. Targeted modification of the plastome can be achieved by using transformation vectors containing plastid DNA sequences, which allow homologous recombination with the plastome (Svab ...
... tobacco plastome mutants showing deletions or disruptions of these sequences were generated by plastid transformation. Targeted modification of the plastome can be achieved by using transformation vectors containing plastid DNA sequences, which allow homologous recombination with the plastome (Svab ...
Chapter 8.qxp
... bases to be converted into a sequence of amino acids. The DNA gene is first copied and edited into a transcript made of RNA, employing similar nucleic acid bases, except that DNA’s thymine is replaced by uracil. This messenger RNA (mRNA) version of the gene is then read by cellular machinery, three ...
... bases to be converted into a sequence of amino acids. The DNA gene is first copied and edited into a transcript made of RNA, employing similar nucleic acid bases, except that DNA’s thymine is replaced by uracil. This messenger RNA (mRNA) version of the gene is then read by cellular machinery, three ...
Deoxyribozyme
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Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.