Invariant amino acids essential for decoding function of polypeptide
... was used with the RFBst primer 50 -CCATTCTTAAGCGGGCAAAACGCAAGG-30 (the Bst98I site underlined). The resulting construct pERF4B containing the unique Bst98I site within the gene encoding human eRF1 at positions 576–581 (T576C substitution) from the start ATG codon was used for mutagenesis of human eR ...
... was used with the RFBst primer 50 -CCATTCTTAAGCGGGCAAAACGCAAGG-30 (the Bst98I site underlined). The resulting construct pERF4B containing the unique Bst98I site within the gene encoding human eRF1 at positions 576–581 (T576C substitution) from the start ATG codon was used for mutagenesis of human eR ...
A non-canonical pathway for aromatic amino acid biosynthesis in
... Mündliche Prüfung am: 07/06/2010 ...
... Mündliche Prüfung am: 07/06/2010 ...
Myristica Fragrans HOUTT
... Results showed that Moluccas was characterized by mountainous physiography, tectonic hilly areas, volcanic, and karst with a slope of 10 to 40%. Ecotypes of Banda and Ambon consisted mainly of volcanic soils, whereas Luhu consisted of sediment. Generally, Moluccas has climate IIIC type, except Banda ...
... Results showed that Moluccas was characterized by mountainous physiography, tectonic hilly areas, volcanic, and karst with a slope of 10 to 40%. Ecotypes of Banda and Ambon consisted mainly of volcanic soils, whereas Luhu consisted of sediment. Generally, Moluccas has climate IIIC type, except Banda ...
Interactions of TCA cycle enzymes and of the CcpA
... enzymes malate dehydrogenase Mdh, isocitrate dehydrogenase Icd and citrate synthase CitZ form the core of a TCA cycle metabolon in B. subtilis. Therefore, in this work, the interactions between these enzymes and their dynamics were characterized in vitro by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Moreover, ...
... enzymes malate dehydrogenase Mdh, isocitrate dehydrogenase Icd and citrate synthase CitZ form the core of a TCA cycle metabolon in B. subtilis. Therefore, in this work, the interactions between these enzymes and their dynamics were characterized in vitro by surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Moreover, ...
Shelef, Katie: A Critical Analysis of Degenerate Primer Design Programs
... sequence can be used to design PCR primers, which hybridize to the flanking sequences. These primers are added to a mixture of template DNA, all four deoxynucelotide triphosphates (dNTPs), and a heat-stable DNA polymerase (other reagents may also be included). The mixture then undergoes several cycl ...
... sequence can be used to design PCR primers, which hybridize to the flanking sequences. These primers are added to a mixture of template DNA, all four deoxynucelotide triphosphates (dNTPs), and a heat-stable DNA polymerase (other reagents may also be included). The mixture then undergoes several cycl ...
Puffs and PCR: the in vivo dynamics of early gene
... Discriminating between DNA and RNA templates If the intron between the PCR primers is short (<1 kb), in addition to the product corresponding to the spliced transcript, we detect a second band that may derive from either pre-mRNA or contaminating DNA (see Fig. 2). To distinguish between these possib ...
... Discriminating between DNA and RNA templates If the intron between the PCR primers is short (<1 kb), in addition to the product corresponding to the spliced transcript, we detect a second band that may derive from either pre-mRNA or contaminating DNA (see Fig. 2). To distinguish between these possib ...
What is Biology? Biology and Biologists: Overview What is Biology
... The Lymphatic System and the Blood: Overview The Lymphatic System The Blood The Lymphatic System and the Blood: Summary Nonspecific Immune Defenses: Overview The Barriers of Infection The Nonspecific Immune Response Nonspecific Immune Defenses: Summary Specific Immune Defenses: Overview The Specific ...
... The Lymphatic System and the Blood: Overview The Lymphatic System The Blood The Lymphatic System and the Blood: Summary Nonspecific Immune Defenses: Overview The Barriers of Infection The Nonspecific Immune Response Nonspecific Immune Defenses: Summary Specific Immune Defenses: Overview The Specific ...
Regeneration of Cofactors for Enzyme Biocatalysis
... economically viable. However, this depends greatly on the cost of the cofactor in comparison with the value of the product being produced. If the value of the product is high, this number may be lower. Conversely, if the cofactor is more costly, this number may need to be higher. The TTN of regenera ...
... economically viable. However, this depends greatly on the cost of the cofactor in comparison with the value of the product being produced. If the value of the product is high, this number may be lower. Conversely, if the cofactor is more costly, this number may need to be higher. The TTN of regenera ...
IN VITRO Research Article
... attack, by scavenging the reactive metabolites or by converting them to less reactive molecules. The antioxidant capacity gives information about the duration while the activity describes the starting dynamics of antioxidant action. Therefore the uses of antioxidants, both natural and synthetic are ...
... attack, by scavenging the reactive metabolites or by converting them to less reactive molecules. The antioxidant capacity gives information about the duration while the activity describes the starting dynamics of antioxidant action. Therefore the uses of antioxidants, both natural and synthetic are ...
9.3 Polymers - Central Lyon CSD
... Natural Polymers The strands in DNA are held together by strong intermolecular attractions between hydrogen atoms on one strand and nitrogen or oxygen atoms on the other strand. • The strands twist around each other in a structure called a double helix. • The order of the base pairs in a strand is a ...
... Natural Polymers The strands in DNA are held together by strong intermolecular attractions between hydrogen atoms on one strand and nitrogen or oxygen atoms on the other strand. • The strands twist around each other in a structure called a double helix. • The order of the base pairs in a strand is a ...
Characterization of the chimeric seven
... Recently, many PR-like genes were found in non-marine environments. The goal of this study is to explore the function of rhodopsins that exist only as partial proteoopsin genes using chimeras with marine green PR (GPR). We isolated nine partial genes of PR homologues using polymerase chain reaction ...
... Recently, many PR-like genes were found in non-marine environments. The goal of this study is to explore the function of rhodopsins that exist only as partial proteoopsin genes using chimeras with marine green PR (GPR). We isolated nine partial genes of PR homologues using polymerase chain reaction ...
Polymorphism in heterogeneous environments, evolution of habitat
... at the first locus. They cannot, however, refuse an unfavourable habitat for more than a given number of tries, which is i for genotypes AB and j for genotypes aaB: at the ith (or jth) try, individuals of genotypes B do not choose any more and settle in the habitat where they happen to be. W h e n e ...
... at the first locus. They cannot, however, refuse an unfavourable habitat for more than a given number of tries, which is i for genotypes AB and j for genotypes aaB: at the ith (or jth) try, individuals of genotypes B do not choose any more and settle in the habitat where they happen to be. W h e n e ...
Characterisation of Aeromonas species isolated from diseased fish
... Abstract. Aeromonas spp. are Gram negative bacteria which are pathogenic to fish, amphibians and also humans. For this study 18 strains of Aeromonas were isolated from healthy or diseased fish and water samples collected from several areas of the Vidharbha region of Maharashtra state, India, for ide ...
... Abstract. Aeromonas spp. are Gram negative bacteria which are pathogenic to fish, amphibians and also humans. For this study 18 strains of Aeromonas were isolated from healthy or diseased fish and water samples collected from several areas of the Vidharbha region of Maharashtra state, India, for ide ...
Structure-Function Analysis of the Conserved Histone Chaperone
... involved in regulating chromatin structure, is conserved throughout eukaryotes. Spt6 has been shown to function in many aspects of gene expression, including nucleosome assembly, transcription initiation and elong ...
... involved in regulating chromatin structure, is conserved throughout eukaryotes. Spt6 has been shown to function in many aspects of gene expression, including nucleosome assembly, transcription initiation and elong ...
Correct answers are marked with red
... 12. In the process of transcription in prokaryotes 1) rRNA is specified by exons in DNA 2) mRNA is formed as coded by introns 3) the base sequence of DNA is copied into tRNA 4) a str and of mRNA is for med with base sequences complementar y to those of DNA 5) a polypeptide is formed as specified by ...
... 12. In the process of transcription in prokaryotes 1) rRNA is specified by exons in DNA 2) mRNA is formed as coded by introns 3) the base sequence of DNA is copied into tRNA 4) a str and of mRNA is for med with base sequences complementar y to those of DNA 5) a polypeptide is formed as specified by ...
enzymes in poultry nutrition - Journal of Animal and Plant Sciences
... The biggest single expense in any system of poultry production is feed accounting for up to 70% of total production cost per bird. Poultry naturally produces enzymes to aid the digestion of feed nutrients. However, they do not have enzyme to break down fibre completely and need exogenous enzymes in ...
... The biggest single expense in any system of poultry production is feed accounting for up to 70% of total production cost per bird. Poultry naturally produces enzymes to aid the digestion of feed nutrients. However, they do not have enzyme to break down fibre completely and need exogenous enzymes in ...
Telomere maintenance without telomerase
... Although the majority of yeast cells die in the absence of telomerase, Lundblad and Blackburn (1993) observed that a small subpopulation could escape the lethal consequences of a telomerase defect. The rare survivors recovered from an est1-D strain not only regained the ability to grow but also disp ...
... Although the majority of yeast cells die in the absence of telomerase, Lundblad and Blackburn (1993) observed that a small subpopulation could escape the lethal consequences of a telomerase defect. The rare survivors recovered from an est1-D strain not only regained the ability to grow but also disp ...
Phylogenetic Relationships between the Western Aster Yellows
... There is an EcoRI site about 670 bp from the 5’ end of the SAY-MLO 16s rRNA gene. This EcoRI site is also present in the 16s rRNA genes of the X-MLO, an MLO that infects Oenothera spp. (0-MLO) (25), and many other mollicutes and bacteria (5, 39). A PstI site that is often present just downstream fro ...
... There is an EcoRI site about 670 bp from the 5’ end of the SAY-MLO 16s rRNA gene. This EcoRI site is also present in the 16s rRNA genes of the X-MLO, an MLO that infects Oenothera spp. (0-MLO) (25), and many other mollicutes and bacteria (5, 39). A PstI site that is often present just downstream fro ...
mitochondrial biogenesis during
... membranes ; Fig . 2 shows a representative sample of negatively stained mitochondria from unincubated cysts . It is clear that membrane damage is minimal in this preparation . We have also examined the fate of cytochrome oxidase, a typical mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane of the ...
... membranes ; Fig . 2 shows a representative sample of negatively stained mitochondria from unincubated cysts . It is clear that membrane damage is minimal in this preparation . We have also examined the fate of cytochrome oxidase, a typical mitochondrial enzyme localized in the inner membrane of the ...
In the first part of the general discussion the choice... in this research are discussed. In the second part... CHAPTER 5
... The Folin-Ciocalteu method (Singleton & Rossi, 1965) for the determination of total phenolics was chosen because it is a simple and reproducible assay which is widely used for studying phenolic antioxidants (Macdonald et al., 2006). It is based on the reducing power of phenolic hydroxyl groups (Sun, ...
... The Folin-Ciocalteu method (Singleton & Rossi, 1965) for the determination of total phenolics was chosen because it is a simple and reproducible assay which is widely used for studying phenolic antioxidants (Macdonald et al., 2006). It is based on the reducing power of phenolic hydroxyl groups (Sun, ...
Hexose Monophosphate Shunt (HMP Shunt)
... HMP shunt (PPP) is less active in skeletal muscle & non-lactating mammary glands Site:- ...
... HMP shunt (PPP) is less active in skeletal muscle & non-lactating mammary glands Site:- ...
Deoxyribozyme
Deoxyribozymes, also called DNA enzymes, DNAzymes, or catalytic DNA, are DNA oligonucleotides that are capable of catalyzing specific chemical reactions, similar to the action of other biological enzymes, such as proteins or ribozymes (enzymes composed of RNA).However, in contrast to the abundance of protein enzymes in biological systems and the discovery of biological ribozymes in the 1980s,there are no known naturally occurring deoxyribozymes.Deoxyribozymes should not be confused with DNA aptamers which are oligonucleotides that selectively bind a target ligand, but do not catalyze a subsequent chemical reaction.With the exception of ribozymes, nucleic acid molecules within cells primarily serve as storage of genetic information due to its ability to form complementary base pairs, which allows for high-fidelity copying and transfer of genetic information. In contrast, nucleic acid molecules are more limited in their catalytic ability, in comparison to protein enzymes, to just three types of interactions: hydrogen bonding, pi stacking, and metal-ion coordination. This is due to the limited number of functional groups of the nucleic acid monomers: while proteins are built from up to twenty different amino acids with various functional groups, nucleic acids are built from just four chemically similar nucleobases. In addition, DNA lacks the 2'-hydroxyl group found in RNA which limits the catalytic competency of deoxyribozymes even in comparison to ribozymes.In addition to the inherent inferiority of DNA catalytic activity, the apparent lack of naturally occurring deoxyribozymes may also be due to the primarily double-stranded conformation of DNA in biological systems which would limit its physical flexibility and ability to form tertiary structures, and so would drastically limit the ability of double-stranded DNA to act as a catalyst; though there are a few known instances of biological single-stranded DNA such as multicopy single-stranded DNA (msDNA), certain viral genomes, and the replication fork formed during DNA replication. Further structural differences between DNA and RNA may also play a role in the lack of biological deoxyribozymes, such as the additional methyl group of the DNA base thymidine compared to the RNA base uracil or the tendency of DNA to adopt the B-form helix while RNA tends to adopt the A-form helix. However, it has also been shown that DNA can form structures that RNA cannot, which suggests that, though there are differences in structures that each can form, neither is inherently more or less catalytic due to their possible structural motifs.