CHAPTER 6
... An alternative to b-oxidation is required • Branched chain FAs with branches at oddnumber carbons are not good substrates for b-oxidation -oxidation is an alternative • Phytanic acid -oxidase decarboxylates with oxidation at the alpha position b-oxidation occurs past the branch ...
... An alternative to b-oxidation is required • Branched chain FAs with branches at oddnumber carbons are not good substrates for b-oxidation -oxidation is an alternative • Phytanic acid -oxidase decarboxylates with oxidation at the alpha position b-oxidation occurs past the branch ...
Journal of Applied Phycology
... the amino acid sequences reveals an identity of 79%, 70% and 57% with the RecA proteins of Anabaena variabilis,Synechococcus and Escherichiacoli respectively. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that many of the domains and residues assigned functional roles in E. coli RecA are con ...
... the amino acid sequences reveals an identity of 79%, 70% and 57% with the RecA proteins of Anabaena variabilis,Synechococcus and Escherichiacoli respectively. Alignment of the deduced amino acid sequence revealed that many of the domains and residues assigned functional roles in E. coli RecA are con ...
Slides
... (pathway-inputs pwy), (pathway-outputs pwy) Returns all compounds consumed (produced) but not produced (consumed) by pathway (ignores stoichiometry) ...
... (pathway-inputs pwy), (pathway-outputs pwy) Returns all compounds consumed (produced) but not produced (consumed) by pathway (ignores stoichiometry) ...
INTEINS: Structure, Function, and Evolution
... or N-S shift that leads to an ester or thioester intermediate. As a result of this rearrangement, the N-extein binds to the oxygen of a serine or to the sulfur of a cysteine residue at the amino-terminal splice junction. Step 2 Cleavage of the ester at the amino-terminal splice junction occurs throu ...
... or N-S shift that leads to an ester or thioester intermediate. As a result of this rearrangement, the N-extein binds to the oxygen of a serine or to the sulfur of a cysteine residue at the amino-terminal splice junction. Step 2 Cleavage of the ester at the amino-terminal splice junction occurs throu ...
Predictable Alteration of Sequence Recognition by RNA
... can be found in all eukaryotes, from humans to algae, although they differ greatly in number between organisms. This protein family has massively expanded in terrestrial plants, which contain from ;100 (Physcomitrella) to over 1000 (Selaginella) PPR proteins (Fujii and Small, 2011). PPR proteins are ...
... can be found in all eukaryotes, from humans to algae, although they differ greatly in number between organisms. This protein family has massively expanded in terrestrial plants, which contain from ;100 (Physcomitrella) to over 1000 (Selaginella) PPR proteins (Fujii and Small, 2011). PPR proteins are ...
Traffic between the plant endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi
... Golgins have large coiled-coil domains and an ability to bind effector molecules, including activated GTP-binding proteins of the Ras-protein families [17]. Perhaps the best-characterized function of golgins in mammalian and yeast systems is their role in membrane-tethering events [17]. Models of Go ...
... Golgins have large coiled-coil domains and an ability to bind effector molecules, including activated GTP-binding proteins of the Ras-protein families [17]. Perhaps the best-characterized function of golgins in mammalian and yeast systems is their role in membrane-tethering events [17]. Models of Go ...
CASE 37
... depending on their relative concentrations, the liver either extracts glucose from the blood (high insulin/glucagon ratio) or produces and adds glucose to the blood (low insulin/glucagon ratio). The responses can be divided into short-term ones such as the changes occurring during a normal daily cyc ...
... depending on their relative concentrations, the liver either extracts glucose from the blood (high insulin/glucagon ratio) or produces and adds glucose to the blood (low insulin/glucagon ratio). The responses can be divided into short-term ones such as the changes occurring during a normal daily cyc ...
Jon Magnuson, Glenn Fryxell, Linda Lasure, Doug Elliot (PNNL)
... Enzyme fragility has been a primary limiting factor in applications. Our breakthrough is applicable at multiple scales: sensors to industrial reactions Focus areas: homeland security energy ...
... Enzyme fragility has been a primary limiting factor in applications. Our breakthrough is applicable at multiple scales: sensors to industrial reactions Focus areas: homeland security energy ...
Biological significance of structural differences between two highly
... Mms2, Uev1D30 possesses a noncanonical Ubc fold that consists of an amino-terminal a-helix followed by four anti-parallel b-strands, a 3-10 helix and a supporting a-helix, but lacks the active site cysteine and the two carboxy terminal helices found in the core domain of Ubcs (Fig. 1B) [8,17]. Based ...
... Mms2, Uev1D30 possesses a noncanonical Ubc fold that consists of an amino-terminal a-helix followed by four anti-parallel b-strands, a 3-10 helix and a supporting a-helix, but lacks the active site cysteine and the two carboxy terminal helices found in the core domain of Ubcs (Fig. 1B) [8,17]. Based ...
Enzymology Lectures Year 1 - Emily Flashman`s
... e.g. hexokinase only catalyses phosphorylation of D-glucose, chymotrypsin only catalyses hydrolysis of L-amino acids. Enzymes can be used to resolve racemic mixtures of compounds, e.g. N-acyl amino acids ...
... e.g. hexokinase only catalyses phosphorylation of D-glucose, chymotrypsin only catalyses hydrolysis of L-amino acids. Enzymes can be used to resolve racemic mixtures of compounds, e.g. N-acyl amino acids ...
Cloning and characterization of an eukaryotic initiation factor
... Eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (eIF-2a) kinases are involved in the translational regulations that occur in response to various types of environmental stress, and play an important role in the cellular defense system operating under unfavorable conditions. The identification of additional eIF-2a ki ...
... Eukaryotic initiation factor 2a (eIF-2a) kinases are involved in the translational regulations that occur in response to various types of environmental stress, and play an important role in the cellular defense system operating under unfavorable conditions. The identification of additional eIF-2a ki ...
297 special transport and neurological significance of two amino
... the transport of proline is further justified by the results with its lower homolog, the a-imino acid 2-azetidine carboxylate (Fig. 3). The D-isomer proved to be a much stronger competitive inhibitor of proline transport than the L-isomer, a remarkable and unexplained finding highly supportive to ou ...
... the transport of proline is further justified by the results with its lower homolog, the a-imino acid 2-azetidine carboxylate (Fig. 3). The D-isomer proved to be a much stronger competitive inhibitor of proline transport than the L-isomer, a remarkable and unexplained finding highly supportive to ou ...
Structural and Biochemical Characterization of a Bifunctional
... ABSTRACT: Unusual N-acetylated sugars have been observed on the O-antigens of some Gram-negative bacteria and on the S-layers of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. One such sugar is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-α-D-galactose or Fuc3NAc. The pathway for its production requires five enzymes with ...
... ABSTRACT: Unusual N-acetylated sugars have been observed on the O-antigens of some Gram-negative bacteria and on the S-layers of both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. One such sugar is 3-acetamido-3,6-dideoxy-α-D-galactose or Fuc3NAc. The pathway for its production requires five enzymes with ...
Functional analysis of polar amino
... ability of other residues to substitute at this location in the protein was not investigated [12]. A number of studies have shown that acidic and polar residues have important roles within membrane transport proteins, including melibiose permease in Escherichia coli [13] bacteriorhodopsin [14,15], m ...
... ability of other residues to substitute at this location in the protein was not investigated [12]. A number of studies have shown that acidic and polar residues have important roles within membrane transport proteins, including melibiose permease in Escherichia coli [13] bacteriorhodopsin [14,15], m ...
- WordPress.com
... A common way that cells capture the energy released during the breakdown of large molecules is to add electrons to smaller, specialized molecules that can accept them. This process of electron acceptance is otherwise known as A.biosynthesis B. Metabolism C. reduction D.Catalysis ...
... A common way that cells capture the energy released during the breakdown of large molecules is to add electrons to smaller, specialized molecules that can accept them. This process of electron acceptance is otherwise known as A.biosynthesis B. Metabolism C. reduction D.Catalysis ...
Transport and Utilization of Lipids in Insect Flight
... efficient exchange of DAG-depleted and DAG-enriched lipophorin species is an essential element of the lipophorin shuttle mechanism. Through ligand blotting techniques, a number of flight muscle membrane proteins were shown to bind to HDLp or LDLp, most prominently a 30-kDa protein. At present, it is ...
... efficient exchange of DAG-depleted and DAG-enriched lipophorin species is an essential element of the lipophorin shuttle mechanism. Through ligand blotting techniques, a number of flight muscle membrane proteins were shown to bind to HDLp or LDLp, most prominently a 30-kDa protein. At present, it is ...
View/Open - Indiana University
... Protein Sequence Alignment • What most people do most of the time • DNA sequences are useful for relationships that are close, but DNA sequences are not nearly as well conserved as Amino Acid sequences • Now we need to talk about the characteristics of Amino Acids and ways to compare what is simila ...
... Protein Sequence Alignment • What most people do most of the time • DNA sequences are useful for relationships that are close, but DNA sequences are not nearly as well conserved as Amino Acid sequences • Now we need to talk about the characteristics of Amino Acids and ways to compare what is simila ...
Statistical Analysis of Amino Acid Patterns in Transmembrane
... greater than the random expectation. Isoleucine, glycine and valine were the most common residues in these extreme cases. The main theme observed is patterns of small residues (Gly, Ala and Ser) at i and i 4 found in association with large aliphatic residues (Ile, Val and Leu) at neighboring posit ...
... greater than the random expectation. Isoleucine, glycine and valine were the most common residues in these extreme cases. The main theme observed is patterns of small residues (Gly, Ala and Ser) at i and i 4 found in association with large aliphatic residues (Ile, Val and Leu) at neighboring posit ...
1-3 flagellum - Instituto de Higiene
... The flagellum and flagellar pocket are distinctive organelles present among all of the trypanosomatid protozoa. Currently, recognized functions for these organelles include generation of motility for the flagellum and dedicated secretory and endocytic activities for the flagellar pocket. The flagell ...
... The flagellum and flagellar pocket are distinctive organelles present among all of the trypanosomatid protozoa. Currently, recognized functions for these organelles include generation of motility for the flagellum and dedicated secretory and endocytic activities for the flagellar pocket. The flagell ...
Flux distributions in anaerobic, glucose-limited
... to the underlying biochemistry. In uitro enzyme assays can be used as a tool to determine the presence or absence of reactions and may also add a constraint to the model, e.g. an estimate of the ratip between two fluxes can be obtained. Any stoichiometric model should be subjected to a sensitivity a ...
... to the underlying biochemistry. In uitro enzyme assays can be used as a tool to determine the presence or absence of reactions and may also add a constraint to the model, e.g. an estimate of the ratip between two fluxes can be obtained. Any stoichiometric model should be subjected to a sensitivity a ...
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Amino Acids [PDF:247KB]
... assignment of index numbers to foods. Additionally, from the viewpoint of ensuring convenience for the users with the increased number of foods listed, the component values calculated from the ratio of raw materials and those estimated from the composition tables available overseas were newly listed ...
... assignment of index numbers to foods. Additionally, from the viewpoint of ensuring convenience for the users with the increased number of foods listed, the component values calculated from the ratio of raw materials and those estimated from the composition tables available overseas were newly listed ...
PDF
... analysis using the canonical variate analysis to compare the relative proportions of labelled protein in each of 16 bands (Fig. 2A) selected previously as markers of protein change during maturation (Moor etal. 1981). From the results shown in Table 2 and from the analysis of this data (Fig. 2B), it ...
... analysis using the canonical variate analysis to compare the relative proportions of labelled protein in each of 16 bands (Fig. 2A) selected previously as markers of protein change during maturation (Moor etal. 1981). From the results shown in Table 2 and from the analysis of this data (Fig. 2B), it ...
mic.sgmjournals.org
... SD medium lacking amino acids all colonies were smooth, lacked filamentous extensions, contained yeast-like cells and were not invasive (Figs 2–4). Addition of some amino acids resulted in dramatic changes in colony and cell morphology. Out of the 19 amino acids tested, 9 induced major changes in th ...
... SD medium lacking amino acids all colonies were smooth, lacked filamentous extensions, contained yeast-like cells and were not invasive (Figs 2–4). Addition of some amino acids resulted in dramatic changes in colony and cell morphology. Out of the 19 amino acids tested, 9 induced major changes in th ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.