The stuff of life?
... Different types of fatty acids: Saturated: all bonds between carbon are single bonds Unsaturated: some double bonds between carbons (therefore less Hydrogens) ...
... Different types of fatty acids: Saturated: all bonds between carbon are single bonds Unsaturated: some double bonds between carbons (therefore less Hydrogens) ...
Notes - Organic Molecules of Life
... Sequence of nitrogenous bases codes for specific amino acids Amino acid sequence determines the ___________________ made in the cell and the cellular activity RNA - __________________ is its sugar backbone The base can be one of four: Adenine Guanine Cytosine ______________(replacesThymine) Only a s ...
... Sequence of nitrogenous bases codes for specific amino acids Amino acid sequence determines the ___________________ made in the cell and the cellular activity RNA - __________________ is its sugar backbone The base can be one of four: Adenine Guanine Cytosine ______________(replacesThymine) Only a s ...
Unit 3: Basic Chemistry Content Outline: Carbon Chemistry (3.6
... II. The carbon atom has tetravalence (4 valence electrons) and can thus form four covalent bonds with other Carbon atoms or atoms of other elements. Carbon can also form multiple bonds (i.e. double and triple) with Carbon or atoms of other elements. Multiple bonds increase the “bonding strength”. II ...
... II. The carbon atom has tetravalence (4 valence electrons) and can thus form four covalent bonds with other Carbon atoms or atoms of other elements. Carbon can also form multiple bonds (i.e. double and triple) with Carbon or atoms of other elements. Multiple bonds increase the “bonding strength”. II ...
Hydrophobic signal molecules
... Cells do not work in isolation but continually ‘talk’ to each other by sending and receiving chemical signals to each other. This process is known as cell signaling Cell signaling has a number of important steps A signaling cell produces a signal molecule The signal molecule is recognised by a tar ...
... Cells do not work in isolation but continually ‘talk’ to each other by sending and receiving chemical signals to each other. This process is known as cell signaling Cell signaling has a number of important steps A signaling cell produces a signal molecule The signal molecule is recognised by a tar ...
Flexing Muscle With Just One Amino Acid
... As King puts it, its discovery "is only the end of the beginning." -Jean Marx ...
... As King puts it, its discovery "is only the end of the beginning." -Jean Marx ...
Protein Structure
... general belief that the amino acid sequence of a protein contains all the information needed to fold itself properly, without any additional energy input. ...
... general belief that the amino acid sequence of a protein contains all the information needed to fold itself properly, without any additional energy input. ...
Chapter 21 - Cengage Learning
... molecule are complementary. The three hydrogen bonds between the two molecules hold cytosine and guanine together. Adenine and thymine molecules on complementary DNA strands are also held together by hydrogen bonds. Two hydrogen bonds form between adenine and thymine molecules. 17. There is evidence ...
... molecule are complementary. The three hydrogen bonds between the two molecules hold cytosine and guanine together. Adenine and thymine molecules on complementary DNA strands are also held together by hydrogen bonds. Two hydrogen bonds form between adenine and thymine molecules. 17. There is evidence ...
Translation
... This genetic code is read ___________________________ at a time; so each “word” of the coded message is three ...
... This genetic code is read ___________________________ at a time; so each “word” of the coded message is three ...
HPER 334 Nutrition Exam 2
... 44. An example of a food that contains a complete protein is peanut butter. 45. The catabolism of protein can produce ammonia, a product that is toxic to the body. 46. It has been proven that protein supplements are more effective than food proteins for increasing muscle size and strength. 47. Endur ...
... 44. An example of a food that contains a complete protein is peanut butter. 45. The catabolism of protein can produce ammonia, a product that is toxic to the body. 46. It has been proven that protein supplements are more effective than food proteins for increasing muscle size and strength. 47. Endur ...
proteins
... How the information in the DNA results in proteins Promoter – AUG Transcription: copy of the gene made on an RNA molecule (messenger RNA, or mRNA ). This resulting RNA will have exactly the same sequence as one of the strands of the gene but substituting U for T The strand identical to the ...
... How the information in the DNA results in proteins Promoter – AUG Transcription: copy of the gene made on an RNA molecule (messenger RNA, or mRNA ). This resulting RNA will have exactly the same sequence as one of the strands of the gene but substituting U for T The strand identical to the ...
MEMBRANES Fluid mosaic of phopholipid bilayer, cholesterol
... Active Transport: facilitated movement against concentration gradient Requires not only Carrier Proteins, but also E in form of ATP In what class of macromolecule is ATP ...
... Active Transport: facilitated movement against concentration gradient Requires not only Carrier Proteins, but also E in form of ATP In what class of macromolecule is ATP ...
Class XIX Tissues and organ systems I – Epithelial tissues To Grow
... 2. We learned how glucose and Na++ are absorbed by the intestinal epithelial cell. How are aminoacids, nucleotides, fats and other ions absorbed? 3. What is “transcytosis”? 4. Other than parietal cells, the epithelium of the stomach contains at least 4 other epithelial cells. What are these and what ...
... 2. We learned how glucose and Na++ are absorbed by the intestinal epithelial cell. How are aminoacids, nucleotides, fats and other ions absorbed? 3. What is “transcytosis”? 4. Other than parietal cells, the epithelium of the stomach contains at least 4 other epithelial cells. What are these and what ...
Macromolecules Review_AK
... What is an enzyme? Relate the terms enzyme and catalyst to one another. An enzyme is a protein that can speed up a chemical reaction. An enzyme is an example of a catalyst. ...
... What is an enzyme? Relate the terms enzyme and catalyst to one another. An enzyme is a protein that can speed up a chemical reaction. An enzyme is an example of a catalyst. ...
3D modelling activity
... x-ray crystallography. This is based on the scatter of x-rays by a pure crystal of the protein of interest. Unfortunately the process of generating x-ray crystallographic images of a molecule is very difficult. Some proteins have too many possible conformations (shapes) for them to crystallize prope ...
... x-ray crystallography. This is based on the scatter of x-rays by a pure crystal of the protein of interest. Unfortunately the process of generating x-ray crystallographic images of a molecule is very difficult. Some proteins have too many possible conformations (shapes) for them to crystallize prope ...
Document
... • Over 20 different types of chaperones have been identified. Many of these are produced in greater numbers during times of cellular stress. ...
... • Over 20 different types of chaperones have been identified. Many of these are produced in greater numbers during times of cellular stress. ...
Biological Molecules
... • Look around you. What are some specific examples of carbohydrates that are in this room right now? • List some specific carbohydrates that you ate for breakfast. Not the foods that they were in – name the carbohydrates ...
... • Look around you. What are some specific examples of carbohydrates that are in this room right now? • List some specific carbohydrates that you ate for breakfast. Not the foods that they were in – name the carbohydrates ...
student notes protein synthesis mutation
... PROTEINS What happens when the cell cycle proteins are the ones being mutated? ...
... PROTEINS What happens when the cell cycle proteins are the ones being mutated? ...
No Slide Title
... Protein folding is a “grand challenge” problem in biology the deciphering of the second half of the genetic code, of pressing practical significance Problem 1: given a protein’s amino acid sequence, predict its 3D structure, which is related to its function Problem 2: “… use the protein’s known 3D s ...
... Protein folding is a “grand challenge” problem in biology the deciphering of the second half of the genetic code, of pressing practical significance Problem 1: given a protein’s amino acid sequence, predict its 3D structure, which is related to its function Problem 2: “… use the protein’s known 3D s ...
Princeton H - SchoolNotes
... G. How do carbohydrates undergo dehydration synthesis? H. How do carbohydrates undergo hydrolysis? I. How do you test a food sample for the presence of a. monosaccharides b. starch (Lab 15) IV. Lipids (Chapter3.2; 48.1; Lab 15) A. What is a lipid? B. What elements does it contain? C. How can you dis ...
... G. How do carbohydrates undergo dehydration synthesis? H. How do carbohydrates undergo hydrolysis? I. How do you test a food sample for the presence of a. monosaccharides b. starch (Lab 15) IV. Lipids (Chapter3.2; 48.1; Lab 15) A. What is a lipid? B. What elements does it contain? C. How can you dis ...
Make notes using these questions
... • Occur between non-polar R groups along the length of the polypeptide. • Folding of these regions occurs so that they form a central hydrophobic core, separating non-polar hydrophobic R groups from aqueous solution while the polar hydrophilic R groups are expressed on the outside of the structure, ...
... • Occur between non-polar R groups along the length of the polypeptide. • Folding of these regions occurs so that they form a central hydrophobic core, separating non-polar hydrophobic R groups from aqueous solution while the polar hydrophilic R groups are expressed on the outside of the structure, ...
Name: Correctly complete the following statements with a term that
... rings, whilst triglycerides maintain a straight-chain form. (e) Phospholipid molecules have a distinctly polar 'head' and a distinctly non-polar 'tail,' whilst triglycerides are predominantly non-polar. ...
... rings, whilst triglycerides maintain a straight-chain form. (e) Phospholipid molecules have a distinctly polar 'head' and a distinctly non-polar 'tail,' whilst triglycerides are predominantly non-polar. ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.