Malo-ethanolic fermentation in Saccharomyces and
... for yeast and fungi, i.e. those that are repressed by glucose and those that are not. In the K(+) yeasts K. lactis, C. utilis, H. anomala and C. sphaerica, the malate transport system was found to be substrateinducible and subject to glucose repression (Camarasa et al. 2001; Cássio and Leão 1993; ...
... for yeast and fungi, i.e. those that are repressed by glucose and those that are not. In the K(+) yeasts K. lactis, C. utilis, H. anomala and C. sphaerica, the malate transport system was found to be substrateinducible and subject to glucose repression (Camarasa et al. 2001; Cássio and Leão 1993; ...
Functional characterization of rare FOXP2 variants in
... the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of pr ...
... the FOXP2 sequence in individuals with speech/language-related disorders have identified several rare protein-altering variants, but their phenotypic relevance is often unclear. FOXP2 encodes a transcription factor with a forkhead box DNA-binding domain, but little is known about the functions of pr ...
Cloning and functional characterization of a new subtype of the
... called Nm, which shows significantly weaker Li⫹ tolerance and pH sensitivity than the hepatic system N (1, 13). Two different types of system N have been described in the brain (21, 33). The system present in astrocytes is similar to the hepatic system N, whereas the system present in neurons is dis ...
... called Nm, which shows significantly weaker Li⫹ tolerance and pH sensitivity than the hepatic system N (1, 13). Two different types of system N have been described in the brain (21, 33). The system present in astrocytes is similar to the hepatic system N, whereas the system present in neurons is dis ...
Unique amino acid signatures that are evolutionarily conserved
... cysteines, but there are significantly fewer in epidermal keratins and they are almost never found in simple-type epithelial keratins (P,0.0001 for both comparisons). In particular, the prototypic simple-type epithelial human keratins K8/K18 together with K19 contain no cysteine residues, whereas K7 ...
... cysteines, but there are significantly fewer in epidermal keratins and they are almost never found in simple-type epithelial keratins (P,0.0001 for both comparisons). In particular, the prototypic simple-type epithelial human keratins K8/K18 together with K19 contain no cysteine residues, whereas K7 ...
Phylogenomic Investigation of Phospholipid Synthesis in Archaea
... not shown). To avoid the phylogenetic artifacts that can be introduced by the high sequence divergence between short- and long-chain enzymes, we carried out independent phylogenetic analyses for each one of the two paralogues, to which we will refer as short- or long-chain IPPS with regard to domina ...
... not shown). To avoid the phylogenetic artifacts that can be introduced by the high sequence divergence between short- and long-chain enzymes, we carried out independent phylogenetic analyses for each one of the two paralogues, to which we will refer as short- or long-chain IPPS with regard to domina ...
Planta
... from several tree species (Silver and Fall 1991; Kuzma and Fall 1993; Schnitzler et al. 1996; Wildermuth and Fall 1998). This so-called isoprene synthase was puri®ed from aspen leaves, digested by cyanogen bromide (CNBr), and the initial 6±24 amino acids of three peptide fragments (25 kDa, 13 kDa an ...
... from several tree species (Silver and Fall 1991; Kuzma and Fall 1993; Schnitzler et al. 1996; Wildermuth and Fall 1998). This so-called isoprene synthase was puri®ed from aspen leaves, digested by cyanogen bromide (CNBr), and the initial 6±24 amino acids of three peptide fragments (25 kDa, 13 kDa an ...
Ox bile, dried
... salts. The bile salts in fresh bile are mainly totally conjugated as peptides formed from bile acid, glycine or taurine. The selective activity of fully conjugated bile acids is less than that of free acids. Deoxycholic acid is the most active of the bile acids. Bacterial enzymes hydrolyse bile conj ...
... salts. The bile salts in fresh bile are mainly totally conjugated as peptides formed from bile acid, glycine or taurine. The selective activity of fully conjugated bile acids is less than that of free acids. Deoxycholic acid is the most active of the bile acids. Bacterial enzymes hydrolyse bile conj ...
Organic Molecules
... Fats are large molecules made of 2 monomers : glycerol + fatty acids. There are two types of fatty acids - saturated and unsaturated. Functions of fats include : insulation, energy storage, shock absorber for internal organs (like bubble wrap!) ...
... Fats are large molecules made of 2 monomers : glycerol + fatty acids. There are two types of fatty acids - saturated and unsaturated. Functions of fats include : insulation, energy storage, shock absorber for internal organs (like bubble wrap!) ...
The Effect of Arsenic on Liver Tissue of Experimental Animals
... in the activities of several liver enzymes and cellular damage. Enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are found predominantly in liver tissue and cellular damage as a result of arsenic exposure releases these enzymes into the blood stream and the plasma levels of these ...
... in the activities of several liver enzymes and cellular damage. Enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are found predominantly in liver tissue and cellular damage as a result of arsenic exposure releases these enzymes into the blood stream and the plasma levels of these ...
Technical Brief
... Compared to children with marasmus, children with kwashiorkor are more apathic. They often suffer from anorexia, but in the absence of a quantitative measure, it is not clear whether this is more pronounced than in marasmus. Children with kwashiorkor seem susceptible to an excessive sodium load lea ...
... Compared to children with marasmus, children with kwashiorkor are more apathic. They often suffer from anorexia, but in the absence of a quantitative measure, it is not clear whether this is more pronounced than in marasmus. Children with kwashiorkor seem susceptible to an excessive sodium load lea ...
The Biochemistry of Malic Acid Metabolism by Wine Yeasts
... and in the presence of high concentrations of glucose, cells of S. cerevisiae do not have functional mitochondria (Fraenkel, 1982), but cytosolic enzymes similar to those in the TCA cycle produce the necessary biosynthetic intermediates. The enzymatic reactions of the TCA cycle include the hydration ...
... and in the presence of high concentrations of glucose, cells of S. cerevisiae do not have functional mitochondria (Fraenkel, 1982), but cytosolic enzymes similar to those in the TCA cycle produce the necessary biosynthetic intermediates. The enzymatic reactions of the TCA cycle include the hydration ...
CHM 303 - Unaab.edu.ng
... Some fatty acids are not synthesized by mammals and yet are necessary for normal growth and life. These essential fatty acids include linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. These must be obtained by mammals in their diet (specifically from plant sources). Arachidonic acid, which is not found in plants, ca ...
... Some fatty acids are not synthesized by mammals and yet are necessary for normal growth and life. These essential fatty acids include linoleic and γ-linolenic acids. These must be obtained by mammals in their diet (specifically from plant sources). Arachidonic acid, which is not found in plants, ca ...
Molecular and cellular requirements for the
... molecular mechanisms whereby Ca2+ either stimulates or inhibits susceptible adenylate cyclases in vitro. However, in the intact cell an additional layer of sophistication is evident whereby Ca2+ -sensitive adenylate cyclases are juxtaposed with Ca2+ -entry channels, such that the cyclases respond se ...
... molecular mechanisms whereby Ca2+ either stimulates or inhibits susceptible adenylate cyclases in vitro. However, in the intact cell an additional layer of sophistication is evident whereby Ca2+ -sensitive adenylate cyclases are juxtaposed with Ca2+ -entry channels, such that the cyclases respond se ...
Effect of vitamin C on collagen biosynthesis and degree of
... peptide signal molecules (fibroblast growth factors) bind to receptor sites on the fibroblast membrane. These signal molecules can be supplemented with topically and help boost collagen production. This paper focuses on the first mode of collagen synthesis promotion by treatment with vitamin C. Coll ...
... peptide signal molecules (fibroblast growth factors) bind to receptor sites on the fibroblast membrane. These signal molecules can be supplemented with topically and help boost collagen production. This paper focuses on the first mode of collagen synthesis promotion by treatment with vitamin C. Coll ...
Lactobacillus sanfrancisco a key sourdough lactic acid bacterium: a
... cerevisiae has been studied in sourdoughs from different countries (Spicher et al. 1982, Wlodarczyk 1985), in gluten-free baked goods (Wlodarczyk et al. 1993) and has been found to be optimal in a continuously operating sourdough fermentation system (Vollmar and Meuser 1992). The trophic relationshi ...
... cerevisiae has been studied in sourdoughs from different countries (Spicher et al. 1982, Wlodarczyk 1985), in gluten-free baked goods (Wlodarczyk et al. 1993) and has been found to be optimal in a continuously operating sourdough fermentation system (Vollmar and Meuser 1992). The trophic relationshi ...
Sales Presentation Novozymes Ondea Pro
... Novozymes Ondea® Pro’s proteolytic component works in synergy with the endogenous enzymes from barley This is demonstrated by a comparison between the effect of Ondea® Pro on barley with and without inactivation of the endogenous enzymes. ...
... Novozymes Ondea® Pro’s proteolytic component works in synergy with the endogenous enzymes from barley This is demonstrated by a comparison between the effect of Ondea® Pro on barley with and without inactivation of the endogenous enzymes. ...
PDQ Physiology
... Microtubules, centrioles, and ciliae. Microtubules are hollow, cylindrical arrangements of the proteins α- and β-tubulin, 20 to 30 nm in diameter and 10 to 25 µm in length. They grow from one end (the plus end) by polymerization of tubulin, whereas the minus end tends to disintegrate by hydrolysis u ...
... Microtubules, centrioles, and ciliae. Microtubules are hollow, cylindrical arrangements of the proteins α- and β-tubulin, 20 to 30 nm in diameter and 10 to 25 µm in length. They grow from one end (the plus end) by polymerization of tubulin, whereas the minus end tends to disintegrate by hydrolysis u ...
Review Molecular pathogenesis of H5N1 influenza virus infections
... in 1997, when 18 individuals, six of whom died, were infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype [5–7]. In parallel, H5N1 virus outbreaks occurred in live poultry markets in Hong Kong. From 1997 to 2003, these virus outbreaks were confined to Southeast Asia and involv ...
... in 1997, when 18 individuals, six of whom died, were infected with highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses of the H5N1 subtype [5–7]. In parallel, H5N1 virus outbreaks occurred in live poultry markets in Hong Kong. From 1997 to 2003, these virus outbreaks were confined to Southeast Asia and involv ...
SOLUBILITY AND DISSOLUTION STUDY OF PHYSICAL MIXTURE OF CARBAMAZEPINE AND
... - and-C = O vibration and -NH deformation), and 1384 cm-1 (-C = N bond). The results are similar to the results obtained Ali et al. (2013), Grzesiak (2003) and Prajapati et al. (2007) [1, 7, 17]. Figure 9 can be seen, the FTIR spectra of the physical mixture gave peaks that indicate the presence of ...
... - and-C = O vibration and -NH deformation), and 1384 cm-1 (-C = N bond). The results are similar to the results obtained Ali et al. (2013), Grzesiak (2003) and Prajapati et al. (2007) [1, 7, 17]. Figure 9 can be seen, the FTIR spectra of the physical mixture gave peaks that indicate the presence of ...
Thiosulfoxide (Sulfane) Sulfur: New Chemistry and New Regulatory
... completely lacking in the enzyme methylthioadenosine nucleoside phosphorylase (MTAP) [25] and deficient in CTH [17,26]. In direct comparison, cells containing MTAP are not dependent on the sulfur factor [25]. Subsequent to the report of the absence of MTAP in mouse cells, the enzyme was found to be ...
... completely lacking in the enzyme methylthioadenosine nucleoside phosphorylase (MTAP) [25] and deficient in CTH [17,26]. In direct comparison, cells containing MTAP are not dependent on the sulfur factor [25]. Subsequent to the report of the absence of MTAP in mouse cells, the enzyme was found to be ...
Expanded roles of leucine-responsive regulatory protein in
... lated promoters commonly contain multiple adjacent Lrpbinding sites, the higher-order structures could play an important functional role. Lrp was first identified in E. coli as a regulatory protein involved in the control of the transport of branchedchain amino acids (Anderson et al., 1976). Subsequ ...
... lated promoters commonly contain multiple adjacent Lrpbinding sites, the higher-order structures could play an important functional role. Lrp was first identified in E. coli as a regulatory protein involved in the control of the transport of branchedchain amino acids (Anderson et al., 1976). Subsequ ...
THE EXTRACTION OF PAPAIN FROM PAPAYA LEAVES NUR
... solution has good temperature stability, the solution stability is pH dependent. Papain solutions are unstable under acidic condition such as pH 2.8 and will result in significant loss of activity. Previous research had shown that papain extracted from latex will exhibit at low pH a partially struct ...
... solution has good temperature stability, the solution stability is pH dependent. Papain solutions are unstable under acidic condition such as pH 2.8 and will result in significant loss of activity. Previous research had shown that papain extracted from latex will exhibit at low pH a partially struct ...
The Amino-acid Sequence in the Phenylalanyl Chain of Insulin
... different methods both with the object of obtaining different peptides and also to investigate the various techniques. Three such experiments with hydrolysates made with 11 N-HCI are described below. Probably none of them represents the most satisfactory method of fractionating the mixture, but they ...
... different methods both with the object of obtaining different peptides and also to investigate the various techniques. Three such experiments with hydrolysates made with 11 N-HCI are described below. Probably none of them represents the most satisfactory method of fractionating the mixture, but they ...
16. Energy Metabolism
... pentose phosphate cycle is virtually suppressed. However, under conditions of lipogenesis, which cause NADPH to be drawn off for fatty acid synthesis, the pentose phosphate cycle would become active. In any case, glucose oxidation by the pentose phosphate cycle does not result in formation of ATP. O ...
... pentose phosphate cycle is virtually suppressed. However, under conditions of lipogenesis, which cause NADPH to be drawn off for fatty acid synthesis, the pentose phosphate cycle would become active. In any case, glucose oxidation by the pentose phosphate cycle does not result in formation of ATP. O ...
Proteolysis
Proteolysis is the breakdown of proteins into smaller polypeptides or amino acids. Uncatalysed, the hydrolysis of peptide bonds is extremely slow, taking hundreds of years. Proteolysis is typically catalysed by cellular enzymes called proteases, but may also occur by intra-molecular digestion. Low pH or high temperatures can also cause proteolysis non-enzymatically.Proteolysis in organisms serves many purposes; for example, digestive enzymes break down proteins in food to provide amino acids for the organism, while proteolytic processing of a polypeptide chain after its synthesis may be necessary for the production of an active protein. It is also important in the regulation of some physiological and cellular processes, as well as preventing the accumulation of unwanted or abnormal proteins in cells. Consequently, dis-regulation of proteolysis can cause diseases, and is used in some venoms to damage their prey.Proteolysis is important as an analytical tool for studying proteins in the laboratory, as well as industrially, for example in food processing and stain removal.