I. Microbial Genetics (Chapter 7) A. Overview 1. all of the information
... 3. DNA helix unravels and actual replication occurs at the replication fork a. bidirectional, replicons (portion of genome containing an origin and replicated as a unit) separate when forks meet opposite the origin b. replication fork and associated enzymes may be attached to plasma membrane 4. euc ...
... 3. DNA helix unravels and actual replication occurs at the replication fork a. bidirectional, replicons (portion of genome containing an origin and replicated as a unit) separate when forks meet opposite the origin b. replication fork and associated enzymes may be attached to plasma membrane 4. euc ...
Team Uses PacBio Data to Detect and Phase Bacterial DNA
... method by analyzing one sequence motif in an E. coli strain and a matched whole-genomeamplified sample for N6-methyladenine. Sensitivity increased with coverage per molecule and reached 98.5 percent, while specificity was 99.5 percent. They were also able to detect 4-methylcytosine, with slightly lo ...
... method by analyzing one sequence motif in an E. coli strain and a matched whole-genomeamplified sample for N6-methyladenine. Sensitivity increased with coverage per molecule and reached 98.5 percent, while specificity was 99.5 percent. They were also able to detect 4-methylcytosine, with slightly lo ...
Study Questions for Chapter 17: From Gene to Protein
... -diff. tRNA’s carry same amino acid (redundancy) -a specific tRNA anticodon will only carry a specific amino acid 8b) What is the probable evolutionary significance of the genetic code’s universality? A language shared by all living things must have been operating very early in the history of life – ...
... -diff. tRNA’s carry same amino acid (redundancy) -a specific tRNA anticodon will only carry a specific amino acid 8b) What is the probable evolutionary significance of the genetic code’s universality? A language shared by all living things must have been operating very early in the history of life – ...
DNA - The Double Helix Read and HIGHLIGHT what you consider is
... bases always bond in a certain way. Adenine will only bond to thymine. Guanine will only bond with cytosine. This is known as the "Base-Pair Rule". The bases can occur in any order along a strand of DNA. The order of these bases is the code that contains the instructions. For instance ATGCACATA woul ...
... bases always bond in a certain way. Adenine will only bond to thymine. Guanine will only bond with cytosine. This is known as the "Base-Pair Rule". The bases can occur in any order along a strand of DNA. The order of these bases is the code that contains the instructions. For instance ATGCACATA woul ...
DNA – The Building Blocks of Life
... responsible for some of the traits you can inherit from your parents. An example is the brown-eyed gene. This is a specific protein that’s made using the instructions from DNA. If this protein doesn’t get made (because you don’t have the brown eyed gene), you have no or little pigment and you hav ...
... responsible for some of the traits you can inherit from your parents. An example is the brown-eyed gene. This is a specific protein that’s made using the instructions from DNA. If this protein doesn’t get made (because you don’t have the brown eyed gene), you have no or little pigment and you hav ...
BNFO 602 Lecture 1 - New Jersey Institute of Technology
... • DNA can be represented as strings consisting of four letters: A, C, G, and T. They can be very long, e.g. thousands and even millions of letters • Proteins are also represented as strings of 20 letters (each letter is an amino acid). Their 3-D structure determines the function to a ...
... • DNA can be represented as strings consisting of four letters: A, C, G, and T. They can be very long, e.g. thousands and even millions of letters • Proteins are also represented as strings of 20 letters (each letter is an amino acid). Their 3-D structure determines the function to a ...
medical genetics what is medical genetics?
... These both involve ribonucleic acid, a singlestranded molecule similar to DNA except that it has a ribose sugar and a uracil base rather than thymine. ...
... These both involve ribonucleic acid, a singlestranded molecule similar to DNA except that it has a ribose sugar and a uracil base rather than thymine. ...
Nucleotide is composed of a ribose sugar, a base and a phosphate
... • Synthesised by DNA polymerase III – requires Mg 2+ ions as co-factors for enzyme function. • Replication is bidirectional from origin of replication • Unincorporated nucleotides = deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate, incorporated nucleotide = deoxyribonucleotide monophosphate DNA strands: The start o ...
... • Synthesised by DNA polymerase III – requires Mg 2+ ions as co-factors for enzyme function. • Replication is bidirectional from origin of replication • Unincorporated nucleotides = deoxyribonucleotide triphosphate, incorporated nucleotide = deoxyribonucleotide monophosphate DNA strands: The start o ...
Biology I SB1bc Enzymes and Macromolecules Test Study Guide
... “Reusable” proteins that put together or break down substrates to form products 2. Since enzymes are proteins they are made of ……what? Amino acids joined by peptide bonds 3. The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called? Activation Energy (EA) 4. How do enzymes increase the rate or speed ...
... “Reusable” proteins that put together or break down substrates to form products 2. Since enzymes are proteins they are made of ……what? Amino acids joined by peptide bonds 3. The energy needed to start a chemical reaction is called? Activation Energy (EA) 4. How do enzymes increase the rate or speed ...
Chapter 4A
... DNA Supercoiling Processes such as replication that unwind double-helical DNA introduce torsional stress that results in supercoiling. This is most evident in circular DNA molecules such as bacterial plasmids and some viruses (Fig. 4.8a), but occurs in linear eukaryotic chromosomes as well. Replica ...
... DNA Supercoiling Processes such as replication that unwind double-helical DNA introduce torsional stress that results in supercoiling. This is most evident in circular DNA molecules such as bacterial plasmids and some viruses (Fig. 4.8a), but occurs in linear eukaryotic chromosomes as well. Replica ...
DNA as Videotape: Introductory Fact Sheet
... • Cells can copy DNA. • DNA can be edited--for example, we can take DNA containing one gene from an animal (for example, the gene for insulin from humans) and splice it biologically into the DNA of a bacterium. • That bacterium can multiply, and its offspring will contain the insulin gene. • Those b ...
... • Cells can copy DNA. • DNA can be edited--for example, we can take DNA containing one gene from an animal (for example, the gene for insulin from humans) and splice it biologically into the DNA of a bacterium. • That bacterium can multiply, and its offspring will contain the insulin gene. • Those b ...
large bases - De Anza College
... Chargaff’s rule: the amount of A = the amount of T the amount of C = the amount of G ...
... Chargaff’s rule: the amount of A = the amount of T the amount of C = the amount of G ...
the language of biology - Gonzaga College High School
... English: sentences strung together give a single, coherent story Biology: there are often two versions of the story, one version coming from each parent of the organism. Figuring out version of the story gets "told" is the study of dominant and recessive genes. The biological story is the pattern o ...
... English: sentences strung together give a single, coherent story Biology: there are often two versions of the story, one version coming from each parent of the organism. Figuring out version of the story gets "told" is the study of dominant and recessive genes. The biological story is the pattern o ...
1. Important Features
... transcribed – non-transcribed strand is termed coding strand - same as RNA (except T’s are U’s) – In both bacteria and eukaryotes, the polymerase adds ribonucleotides to the growing 3’ end of an RNA chain. • synthesis proceeds in 5’3’ direction ...
... transcribed – non-transcribed strand is termed coding strand - same as RNA (except T’s are U’s) – In both bacteria and eukaryotes, the polymerase adds ribonucleotides to the growing 3’ end of an RNA chain. • synthesis proceeds in 5’3’ direction ...
Mutations Notes TEK 6C
... • If a body cell’s DNA is changed, this mutation would not be passed on to offspring. • Damage to a gene may impair the function of the cell. • When that cell divides, the new cells also will have the same mutation. ...
... • If a body cell’s DNA is changed, this mutation would not be passed on to offspring. • Damage to a gene may impair the function of the cell. • When that cell divides, the new cells also will have the same mutation. ...
ppt - Department of Computer Science
... in bacteria, but multiple transcriptions can occur simultaneously ...
... in bacteria, but multiple transcriptions can occur simultaneously ...
Biology 303 EXAM II 3/14/00 NAME
... the main chromosome where it can transfer many genes at one time. 4. they do not require conjugation for gene transfer. ...
... the main chromosome where it can transfer many genes at one time. 4. they do not require conjugation for gene transfer. ...
Biology Standards Based Benchmark Assessment
... a. It must occur before a cell can divide. b. Two complementary strands are duplicated. c. The double strand unwinds and unzips while it is being duplicated. d. The process is catalyzed by enzymes called DNA mutagens. 36. The enzymes responsible for matching complimentary nucleotides to the exposed ...
... a. It must occur before a cell can divide. b. Two complementary strands are duplicated. c. The double strand unwinds and unzips while it is being duplicated. d. The process is catalyzed by enzymes called DNA mutagens. 36. The enzymes responsible for matching complimentary nucleotides to the exposed ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.