Biotechnology and Genomics
... and positive charges on them. The sum of these charges determines the overall charge. When introduced to an electrical current, negatively charged molecules are attracted to the positive electrode and positively charged molecules are attracted to the negative electrode. ...
... and positive charges on them. The sum of these charges determines the overall charge. When introduced to an electrical current, negatively charged molecules are attracted to the positive electrode and positively charged molecules are attracted to the negative electrode. ...
coding region of DNA. o Introns – non
... o Tissue-specific transcription factors. o Repressors present in some regions and absent in others. Elongation (step 2 of transcription). o RNA polymerase breaks interactions with transcription factors and escapes the promoter region to start elongation. o RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template ...
... o Tissue-specific transcription factors. o Repressors present in some regions and absent in others. Elongation (step 2 of transcription). o RNA polymerase breaks interactions with transcription factors and escapes the promoter region to start elongation. o RNA polymerase moves along the DNA template ...
8. DNA,RNA Membranes, Cytoskeleton
... Carrier proteins – these are more specific with binding sites for only one solute Both these proteins permit passive transport (with a concentration gradient this is called facilitated diffusion) To transport molecules against the concentration gradient, special types of the carrier proteins are nee ...
... Carrier proteins – these are more specific with binding sites for only one solute Both these proteins permit passive transport (with a concentration gradient this is called facilitated diffusion) To transport molecules against the concentration gradient, special types of the carrier proteins are nee ...
Domain Three (3_genetics)
... 1. Sexual reproduction results from the joining of two specialized sex cells called gametes. When a sperm and ovum combine to form a cell, what is this cell called? A. embryo B. fetus C. zygote D. baby 2. During translation, the tRNA anti-codon GGA codes for what amino acid? A. alanine B. tyrosine C ...
... 1. Sexual reproduction results from the joining of two specialized sex cells called gametes. When a sperm and ovum combine to form a cell, what is this cell called? A. embryo B. fetus C. zygote D. baby 2. During translation, the tRNA anti-codon GGA codes for what amino acid? A. alanine B. tyrosine C ...
Structure of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid)
... - Multiple allele traits – More than 2 forms of an allele exist for a trait (ex: blood type – A, B, O alleles) - Codominance – both alleles are equally expressed in heterozygote (ex AB blood) - Incomplete dominance – heterozygote shows phenotype that is intermediate to homozygous forms (ex: hair – c ...
... - Multiple allele traits – More than 2 forms of an allele exist for a trait (ex: blood type – A, B, O alleles) - Codominance – both alleles are equally expressed in heterozygote (ex AB blood) - Incomplete dominance – heterozygote shows phenotype that is intermediate to homozygous forms (ex: hair – c ...
Lecture 2
... all have zwitterionic forms at neutral pH because they have a negatively charged carboxylate and a positively charged ammonia. Zwitterions have two opposite charges that cancel out. Grouping amino acids Amino acids can be classified (sometimes roughly) into groups based on the chemical properties of ...
... all have zwitterionic forms at neutral pH because they have a negatively charged carboxylate and a positively charged ammonia. Zwitterions have two opposite charges that cancel out. Grouping amino acids Amino acids can be classified (sometimes roughly) into groups based on the chemical properties of ...
2.4 Molecules to Metabolism NOTES - Proteins
... in long chains by what are known as peptide bonds. 2.True or false: The sequence of amino acids for a protein is found on code of the DNA. 3.How many different kinds of amino acids are used by ribosomes to make proteins? 4.What is a proteome? ...
... in long chains by what are known as peptide bonds. 2.True or false: The sequence of amino acids for a protein is found on code of the DNA. 3.How many different kinds of amino acids are used by ribosomes to make proteins? 4.What is a proteome? ...
E1. Sticky ends, which are complementary in their DNA sequence
... 2), however, very little is made. Perhaps this person is homozygous for a down promoter mutation, which diminishes the transcription of the gene. As shown in lanes 3 and 4, ß-globin is not made in muscle cells. E24. The Western blot is shown here. The sample in lane 2 came from a plant that was homo ...
... 2), however, very little is made. Perhaps this person is homozygous for a down promoter mutation, which diminishes the transcription of the gene. As shown in lanes 3 and 4, ß-globin is not made in muscle cells. E24. The Western blot is shown here. The sample in lane 2 came from a plant that was homo ...
GENETICS 310
... IV. Below are 7 family pedigrees labeled A to G where individuals with a genetic trait are filled in squares or circles. List the pedigrees could potentially result from a trait inherited throu ...
... IV. Below are 7 family pedigrees labeled A to G where individuals with a genetic trait are filled in squares or circles. List the pedigrees could potentially result from a trait inherited throu ...
Updated Recovery Packet for Biochemistry.
... a.) Saturated – only single C bonds, “Sat” with H, “bad” for you, solid at room T (raises cholesterol) b.) Unsaturated – at least 1 C double bond, “unsat.” with H) “good” for you, liquid at room T (ex. Cooking oils) c. Nucleic Acids 1.) contain: C, H, O, N, P 2.) monomers: NUCLEOTIDES - 5 carbon sug ...
... a.) Saturated – only single C bonds, “Sat” with H, “bad” for you, solid at room T (raises cholesterol) b.) Unsaturated – at least 1 C double bond, “unsat.” with H) “good” for you, liquid at room T (ex. Cooking oils) c. Nucleic Acids 1.) contain: C, H, O, N, P 2.) monomers: NUCLEOTIDES - 5 carbon sug ...
acids and bases
... and is important in maintaining tertiary structure of proteins and enzymes upon which life depends. Ingested heavy metal ion seeks out and coordinates with amino acid sulfur, disrupting protein structure and deactivating the protein. Eventual death is the usual result of prolonged exposure to heavy ...
... and is important in maintaining tertiary structure of proteins and enzymes upon which life depends. Ingested heavy metal ion seeks out and coordinates with amino acid sulfur, disrupting protein structure and deactivating the protein. Eventual death is the usual result of prolonged exposure to heavy ...
cell division notes -
... check out animations and diagrams flash animation comparing mitosis and meiosis another animation 1. binary fission – reproduction in bacteria – p. 127 fig. 8.3 2. cell cycle p. 129 fig. 8.5 3. stages of mitosis – p. 130-131 4. cytokinesis – p. 132, fig 8.7 5. controls on the cell cycle - fig. 8.9 6 ...
... check out animations and diagrams flash animation comparing mitosis and meiosis another animation 1. binary fission – reproduction in bacteria – p. 127 fig. 8.3 2. cell cycle p. 129 fig. 8.5 3. stages of mitosis – p. 130-131 4. cytokinesis – p. 132, fig 8.7 5. controls on the cell cycle - fig. 8.9 6 ...
Ch 13 student notes
... from one organism could work in a different organism. 2. Some scientists isolated the gene from fireflies and inserted it into a plant gene. The plants glowed in the dark. 3. This showed that both plants and animals use the same process to translate DNA into proteins. 4. The glowing plant is transge ...
... from one organism could work in a different organism. 2. Some scientists isolated the gene from fireflies and inserted it into a plant gene. The plants glowed in the dark. 3. This showed that both plants and animals use the same process to translate DNA into proteins. 4. The glowing plant is transge ...
Option D Evolution - A - Origin of Life
... the redox reactions, such as hydrogen-sulfide and hydrogen coming out from the vent in contact with a suitable oxidant, such as carbon dioxide Volcanoes – Similar to hydrothermal vents Deep Hot Biosphere Model- states that life originated deep underground. Supports state that a trickle of food from ...
... the redox reactions, such as hydrogen-sulfide and hydrogen coming out from the vent in contact with a suitable oxidant, such as carbon dioxide Volcanoes – Similar to hydrothermal vents Deep Hot Biosphere Model- states that life originated deep underground. Supports state that a trickle of food from ...
Document
... Discovered that bacteriophage can carry genes from on bacterium to another. Initial experiments were carried out in Salmonella. Lederberg and Zinder named this process transduction. ...
... Discovered that bacteriophage can carry genes from on bacterium to another. Initial experiments were carried out in Salmonella. Lederberg and Zinder named this process transduction. ...
File
... break apart food molecules, allow muscles to contract, and participate in countless other processes. *Illness and death can result if even one type of protein is missing! ...
... break apart food molecules, allow muscles to contract, and participate in countless other processes. *Illness and death can result if even one type of protein is missing! ...
Slide 1
... 3. Stem cells can form many types of cells, in contrast most body cells 1. After being scraped or cut the skin cannot form different types of cells. is able to heal which Biological For example skin cells can only form processes best accounts for the skin cells and nerve cells can only replacement ...
... 3. Stem cells can form many types of cells, in contrast most body cells 1. After being scraped or cut the skin cannot form different types of cells. is able to heal which Biological For example skin cells can only form processes best accounts for the skin cells and nerve cells can only replacement ...
Dr Ishtiaq Lecture at GC Faisalabad
... Watson, Crick, and Wilkins (1962): Discovery of structure of DNA H. Gobind Khorana (1973) Chemical synthesis of oligonucleotide Berg, Gilbert, and Sanger (1980): The determination of base sequences in nucleic acids Mullis and Smith (1993): Contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-base ...
... Watson, Crick, and Wilkins (1962): Discovery of structure of DNA H. Gobind Khorana (1973) Chemical synthesis of oligonucleotide Berg, Gilbert, and Sanger (1980): The determination of base sequences in nucleic acids Mullis and Smith (1993): Contributions to the developments of methods within DNA-base ...
Chapter 4B
... that carry out this ATP-driven reaction are known as aminoacyltRNA synthetases. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are highly accurate (high fidelity) and this helps minimize translation errors. In step 2, the amino acid is added to the growing protein chain based on codon:anticodon interactions between mRN ...
... that carry out this ATP-driven reaction are known as aminoacyltRNA synthetases. Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are highly accurate (high fidelity) and this helps minimize translation errors. In step 2, the amino acid is added to the growing protein chain based on codon:anticodon interactions between mRN ...
Transcription & Translation
... • The sequence of codons in DNA spells out the primary structure of a polypeptide – Polypeptides form proteins that cells and organisms use ...
... • The sequence of codons in DNA spells out the primary structure of a polypeptide – Polypeptides form proteins that cells and organisms use ...
protein synthesis overview
... PROTEIN SYNTHESIS OVERVIEW • RNA LINKS DNA’S GENETIC INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING PROTINS TO THE PROCESS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS • RNA COPIES (TRANSCRIBES) THE MESSAGE FROM DNA AND THEN TRANSLATES THAT MESSAGE INTO A PROTEIN • THE LINEAR SEQUENCE OF NUCLEOTIDES IN DNA DETERMINES THE LINEAR SEQUENCE OF AMIN ...
... PROTEIN SYNTHESIS OVERVIEW • RNA LINKS DNA’S GENETIC INSTRUCTIONS FOR MAKING PROTINS TO THE PROCESS OF PROTEIN SYNTHESIS • RNA COPIES (TRANSCRIBES) THE MESSAGE FROM DNA AND THEN TRANSLATES THAT MESSAGE INTO A PROTEIN • THE LINEAR SEQUENCE OF NUCLEOTIDES IN DNA DETERMINES THE LINEAR SEQUENCE OF AMIN ...
No Slide Title
... 21. An ultracentrifuge consists of a rotor that spins tubes containing materials and is: (A) a component on a new type of microscope to allow cell components to be easily visualized (B) the laboratory tool developed by Robert Hooke in the 1660s that he used to discover cells (C) a tool used by cell ...
... 21. An ultracentrifuge consists of a rotor that spins tubes containing materials and is: (A) a component on a new type of microscope to allow cell components to be easily visualized (B) the laboratory tool developed by Robert Hooke in the 1660s that he used to discover cells (C) a tool used by cell ...
Nucleic acid analogue
Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.