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1. Genes and Genetic Engineering (v2.1)
1. Genes and Genetic Engineering (v2.1)

Net Ionic Equations
Net Ionic Equations

... Acids – these are always soluble in water, but they don’t all break up in water. To determine which acid breaks up in water you must determine if it is a strong or a weak acid. Strong acids break up in water, which is why they are so dangerous. To determine whether an acid is strong or weak, use the ...
Forensic Science: Final Exam Review - Baxley
Forensic Science: Final Exam Review - Baxley

...  Military DNA (“dog tag”) o What part of a DNA is used for forensic purposes?  NON-CODING DNA = Spacer DNA = “junk DNA”  ≈ 0.1% (3 million bases) is unique to an individual person  ≈ 99.9% same genome fore every person DNA = Deoxyribonucleic Acid o “The Blueprint for Life” Structure of DNA: o CE ...
Download PDF
Download PDF

... Biochemistry is the study of the variety of chemical structures and chemical reactions that occur in living organisms. In order to truly understand the detailed mechanisms of these diverse reactions, one must assimilate aspects of organic chemistry, inorganic chemistry, and physical chemistry and ap ...
COMP.350/580.202 LAB: GENOME ANNOTATION 2/3/16 Reference
COMP.350/580.202 LAB: GENOME ANNOTATION 2/3/16 Reference

... What does the filled box indicate? What about the open part of the box? 13. The August-predicted model does not seem to entail a start codon. In order to fix this, move your cursor to the top of the Apollo screen where you should be able to identify three rows of green and three rows of red ticks. W ...
Introduction - OpenWetWare
Introduction - OpenWetWare

... only the “correct” ends will come together, if we have chosen our restriction enzymes appropriately. However, after the temporary base-pairs form, the sugar-phosphate backbones of the two pieces of DNA are still separate, and they may be pushed apart by other molecules moving around. The ligase enzy ...
Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes
Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes

... • Jack jumper ant, with only 2 chromosomes! (1 pair) ...
Pursuing DNA Catalysts for Protein Modification
Pursuing DNA Catalysts for Protein Modification

... have considerable practical value. Developing entirely new catalysts is an exciting challenge. Rational design and screening have provided many new small-molecule catalysts, and directed evolution has been used to optimize or redefine the function of many protein enzymes. However, these approaches ha ...
Document
Document

... Regulation is accomplished by sequence-specific DNA binding proteins. Binding may be promoter proximal or at a distance. DNA footprinting and mobility shift assays are used to investigate the binding of regulatory proteins. In the E. coli lac operon, there are both repressors and activators, each of ...
SC 120 Study Guide
SC 120 Study Guide

... 4. What would happen if I removed the first A from the “anti-sense” strand of DNA? 5. Summarize the differences between DNA and RNA 6. Describe DNA replication. 7. Describe transcription. 8. Describe translation. 9. How does the cell fix some mutations? 10. How does a cancer cell differ from a regul ...
Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes
Chromosomes, DNA, and Genes

... 1. DNA is a recipe for _____________. 2. What is a gene? 3. How many genes does a chromosome hold? 4. Where are chromosomes stored in the cell? 5. How many chromosomes do humans have? 6. What organism has the most chromosomes? 7. What organism has the least chromosomes? 8. How many sex chromosomes d ...
More on Genetics
More on Genetics

... ________________________-DNA produced by combining DNA from different sources __________________In the process of transforming bacteria,the foreign DNA is joined to this small,circular DNA _____________________-contain genes plasmids from other species---used for making insulin…. clone A ___________ ...
- Holy Trinity Diocesan High School
- Holy Trinity Diocesan High School

Slide 1
Slide 1

... Review questions 1. Why is it important to have sticky ends? 2. What is the purpose of the restriction enzymes? 3. How do you confirm the uptake of the gene into the plasmid? ...
Biological Sciences
Biological Sciences

... 25. A metallic salt that prevails in bones is (a) Calcium carbonate (b) Calcium phosphate (c) Calcium sulphate (d) Calcium chloride. 26. Mendel was considered as lucky because (a) genes of pea were not linked. (b) he studied one allelic pair at a time. (c) pairs of characters which he studied in a s ...
Carbon-Based Molecules
Carbon-Based Molecules

... chains are attached on one end to Butter is another molecule called glycerol. made up of Because of the shape of the fatty acid chains, some fatty acids. fats are liquid at room temperature, like olive oil, and other fats are solid, like butter. All cell membranes are made mostly of another type of ...
Fact Sheet Describing Recombinant DNA and Elements
Fact Sheet Describing Recombinant DNA and Elements

... The following is an example of how adenovirus can be used in gene therapy to treat cystic fibrosis: Adenoviruses are good vectors for use in human gene therapy because it can infect cells in vivo, rather than manipulating the cells in vitro, and returning the cells to the body. In order to become a ...
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life
Lecture Presentation to accompany Principles of Life

... DNA polymerases can make mistakes in replication, but most errors are repaired. Cells have two major repair mechanisms: ...
Spring 2015-Chapter 8
Spring 2015-Chapter 8

... and the number of genes transferred depends on the duration of conjugation and whether the DNA strand breaks or remains intact. ...
Design of Genetic Sequences Encoding MMP-2-degradable
Design of Genetic Sequences Encoding MMP-2-degradable

... extension PCR, ligated into a plasmid cloning vector, and transformed into E. •Possible solution is to insert a protein gel scaffold composed of peptides cleavable by matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), an enzyme overactivated by coli. This method allows for the creation of polymer proteins consisti ...
Ch09 Lecture-DNA and Its Role in Heredity
Ch09 Lecture-DNA and Its Role in Heredity

... DNA polymerases can make mistakes in replication, but most errors are repaired. Cells have two major repair mechanisms: ...
Chapter 5
Chapter 5

...  Beadle & Tatum’s experiments using bread mold led to the idea that one gene produces one enzyme. ...
mutation and recombination as one nucleotide pair
mutation and recombination as one nucleotide pair

... principles on which population genetics is founded and present them in a compressed and mathematically simple way. Few would dispute the need for a book which achieves these aims. Genetics on the Population Level which is in many ways an elementary ...
Chemistry of Life
Chemistry of Life

... Carbon atoms have unique bonding properties.  Carbon ...
chapt 8
chapt 8

... The Process of Transcription ...
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Nucleic acid analogue



Nucleic acid analogues are compounds which are analogous (structurally similar) to naturally occurring RNA and DNA, used in medicine and in molecular biology research.Nucleic acids are chains of nucleotides, which are composed of three parts: a phosphate backbone, a pucker-shaped pentose sugar, either ribose or deoxyribose, and one of four nucleobases.An analogue may have any of these altered. Typically the analogue nucleobases confer, among other things, different base pairing and base stacking properties. Examples include universal bases, which can pair with all four canonical bases, and phosphate-sugar backbone analogues such as PNA, which affect the properties of the chain (PNA can even form a triple helix).Nucleic acid analogues are also called Xeno Nucleic Acid and represent one of the main pillars of xenobiology, the design of new-to-nature forms of life based on alternative biochemistries.Artificial nucleic acids include peptide nucleic acid (PNA), Morpholino and locked nucleic acid (LNA), as well as glycol nucleic acid (GNA) and threose nucleic acid (TNA). Each of these is distinguished from naturally occurring DNA or RNA by changes to the backbone of the molecule.In May 2014, researchers announced that they had successfully introduced two new artificial nucleotides into bacterial DNA, and by including individual artificial nucleotides in the culture media, were able to passage the bacteria 24 times; they did not create mRNA or proteins able to use the artificial nucleotides. The artificial nucleotides featured 2 fused aromatic rings.
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