palaeobiology lecture
... • evolutionary patterns determined by intensity of biotic interactions which differ in different environments • fluctuating environments can clear ecological space • continuous fluctuating conditions can prevent adaptation • intermittant stresses can increase genetic variability normally unexpressed ...
... • evolutionary patterns determined by intensity of biotic interactions which differ in different environments • fluctuating environments can clear ecological space • continuous fluctuating conditions can prevent adaptation • intermittant stresses can increase genetic variability normally unexpressed ...
Lecture 5 - Lakehead University
... (Left) Historical distributions of climatically suitable habitats for the mountain pine beetle (MPB) in British Columbia (adapted from Carroll et al., 2004). Areas with 'very low' suitability are unsuitable for MPB, where as 'extreme' areas are those considered climatically optimal. (Right) Total a ...
... (Left) Historical distributions of climatically suitable habitats for the mountain pine beetle (MPB) in British Columbia (adapted from Carroll et al., 2004). Areas with 'very low' suitability are unsuitable for MPB, where as 'extreme' areas are those considered climatically optimal. (Right) Total a ...
Predation Competition Symbiotic
... Predation • An interaction in which one organism kills another for food • Ex: green tree python eats a mouse ...
... Predation • An interaction in which one organism kills another for food • Ex: green tree python eats a mouse ...
Network ecology: topological constraints on ecosystem dynamics
... static view on networks, fundamental questions can only be answered if dynamical analyses are also made, and now it is clear that structural and dynamical studies must not ”compete” but strongly complement each other. Our aim is to give a menu of classical and more recently suggested network indices ...
... static view on networks, fundamental questions can only be answered if dynamical analyses are also made, and now it is clear that structural and dynamical studies must not ”compete” but strongly complement each other. Our aim is to give a menu of classical and more recently suggested network indices ...
13.3 Energy in Ecosystems - Biology with Ms. Murillo
... Energy in Ecosystems The student is expected to: 11C summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of both organisms and ecosystems and 12C analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using various models, including food chains, food webs, and ec ...
... Energy in Ecosystems The student is expected to: 11C summarize the role of microorganisms in both maintaining and disrupting the health of both organisms and ecosystems and 12C analyze the flow of matter and energy through trophic levels using various models, including food chains, food webs, and ec ...
Week 8 2010
... Predation is a pairwise interaction Interference competition is a pairwise interaction Effects on the two species involved There can be effects beyond the pair of species Indirect effect: An effect of one species on another that occurs via an effect on a third ...
... Predation is a pairwise interaction Interference competition is a pairwise interaction Effects on the two species involved There can be effects beyond the pair of species Indirect effect: An effect of one species on another that occurs via an effect on a third ...
Using predation control to increase wild grey partridge numbers
... etc): A system of tunnel traps along all hedges and nesting cover around the farm will ensure that these species are controlled. Protected species: A recent study has shown that of all the raptors, the sparrowhawk was the most important predator of grey partridges, inflicting most kills on adults in ...
... etc): A system of tunnel traps along all hedges and nesting cover around the farm will ensure that these species are controlled. Protected species: A recent study has shown that of all the raptors, the sparrowhawk was the most important predator of grey partridges, inflicting most kills on adults in ...
ECOSYSTEMS AND BIODIVERSITY
... Freshwater ecosystems cover 0.8% of the Earth's surface and contain 0.009% of its total water. Freshwater ecosystems contain 41% of the world's known fish species. Aquatic ecosystems perform many important environmental functions. For example: They recycle nutrients, purify water, attenuate ...
... Freshwater ecosystems cover 0.8% of the Earth's surface and contain 0.009% of its total water. Freshwater ecosystems contain 41% of the world's known fish species. Aquatic ecosystems perform many important environmental functions. For example: They recycle nutrients, purify water, attenuate ...
Brokenhead Wetland Ecological Reserve
... (insect-eating) plants. A rare white cedar community also forms part of the wetland area. People have been attracted to this wetland for many years. The local First Nation communities have used it for collecting medicinal plants, for cultural activities and hunting, and continue to do so to this day ...
... (insect-eating) plants. A rare white cedar community also forms part of the wetland area. People have been attracted to this wetland for many years. The local First Nation communities have used it for collecting medicinal plants, for cultural activities and hunting, and continue to do so to this day ...
Chapter 3
... Harmful microbes are the minority. Soil bacteria convert nitrogen gas to a usable form for plants. They help produce foods (bread, cheese, yogurt, beer, wine). 90% of all living mass. Helps purify water, provide oxygen, breakdown waste. Lives beneficially in your body (intestines, nose). ...
... Harmful microbes are the minority. Soil bacteria convert nitrogen gas to a usable form for plants. They help produce foods (bread, cheese, yogurt, beer, wine). 90% of all living mass. Helps purify water, provide oxygen, breakdown waste. Lives beneficially in your body (intestines, nose). ...
DENSITY INDEPENDENT FACTORS Density independent factors
... migrate to find new food sources or to mate. Some organisms create societies or feeding territories. For instance, white bass live in schools and work together to drive emerald shiners to the surface for feeding. Some species may have mating or courtship behaviours that affect their population. DENS ...
... migrate to find new food sources or to mate. Some organisms create societies or feeding territories. For instance, white bass live in schools and work together to drive emerald shiners to the surface for feeding. Some species may have mating or courtship behaviours that affect their population. DENS ...
Biotic and Abiotic Influences
... o abiotic factors determine where a species can live and biotic factors determine how successful it will be o biotic factors involve interaction among individuals and different species groups ...
... o abiotic factors determine where a species can live and biotic factors determine how successful it will be o biotic factors involve interaction among individuals and different species groups ...
Opuntia stricta
... • microparasites - viruses, bacteria, protozoa - small, often live intracellularly, main point is that they reproduce in host and will have very large numbers in host • macroparasites - tiny to very large - nematodes, tapeworms, flukes - larger individuals that grow in host but multiply by producing ...
... • microparasites - viruses, bacteria, protozoa - small, often live intracellularly, main point is that they reproduce in host and will have very large numbers in host • macroparasites - tiny to very large - nematodes, tapeworms, flukes - larger individuals that grow in host but multiply by producing ...
Name____________________________
... find new food sources or to mate. Some organisms create societies or feeding territories. For instance, white bass live in schools and work together to drive emerald shiners to the surface for feeding. Some species may have mating or courtship behaviours that affect their population. DENSITY DEPENDE ...
... find new food sources or to mate. Some organisms create societies or feeding territories. For instance, white bass live in schools and work together to drive emerald shiners to the surface for feeding. Some species may have mating or courtship behaviours that affect their population. DENSITY DEPENDE ...
Ch 20 Wiki Assignment
... Ch 20 Wiki Assignment 1. Define predation. How does predation affect a community? 2. How does natural selection favor predation? Give several specific examples of how predators and prey have adapted/evolved. 3. Describe how prey animals have made adaptations in response to the predator. Include camo ...
... Ch 20 Wiki Assignment 1. Define predation. How does predation affect a community? 2. How does natural selection favor predation? Give several specific examples of how predators and prey have adapted/evolved. 3. Describe how prey animals have made adaptations in response to the predator. Include camo ...
Towards the Sustainable Production and Consumption of
... Elevated rates of extinction are being driven by human consumption of organic resources, especially related to tropical forest destruction[7]. While most of the species that are becoming extinct are not food species, their biomass is converted into human food when their habitat is transformed into p ...
... Elevated rates of extinction are being driven by human consumption of organic resources, especially related to tropical forest destruction[7]. While most of the species that are becoming extinct are not food species, their biomass is converted into human food when their habitat is transformed into p ...
Local Frequency Denpendence and Global
... allow empty cells. The dynamics are simple: the identity (0 or 1) of the individual at a particular location depends upon the identity of the individual at that location in the previous time step and the identity of its four neighbors (the von Neumann neighborhood). More general neighborhoods are co ...
... allow empty cells. The dynamics are simple: the identity (0 or 1) of the individual at a particular location depends upon the identity of the individual at that location in the previous time step and the identity of its four neighbors (the von Neumann neighborhood). More general neighborhoods are co ...
Revision 8
... proved ineffective. For the past 60 years, cane toads have been expanding their territory in Australia, and are capable of colonising at least four of the mainland Australian states, [including Western Australia]. As the toad's geographical range continues to expand, concern has increased about thei ...
... proved ineffective. For the past 60 years, cane toads have been expanding their territory in Australia, and are capable of colonising at least four of the mainland Australian states, [including Western Australia]. As the toad's geographical range continues to expand, concern has increased about thei ...
Document
... Population modeling: Demographic data from monitoring naturally occurring plants and from seed addition and seed bag experiments, will be used to construct stage-based models for each species. Stages will comprise seed, seedling, juvenile (nonflowering), adult (flowering), and dormant size classes. ...
... Population modeling: Demographic data from monitoring naturally occurring plants and from seed addition and seed bag experiments, will be used to construct stage-based models for each species. Stages will comprise seed, seedling, juvenile (nonflowering), adult (flowering), and dormant size classes. ...
BIO 160 - Sacramento State
... Predation is one of several types of species interactions that takes on different forms. What is the definition of predation and how does it differ from herbivory, parasitism and parasitoidism? (pgs 239, 274) Predation occurs when one organism feeds on another, called the prey. Although this ty ...
... Predation is one of several types of species interactions that takes on different forms. What is the definition of predation and how does it differ from herbivory, parasitism and parasitoidism? (pgs 239, 274) Predation occurs when one organism feeds on another, called the prey. Although this ty ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.