Reprint
... For tails there is therefore evolutionary force toward both achieving the optimum length and not exceeding it. Per Fig. 1, curve 4, programmed aging theories assume there is evolutionary force (f) toward both achieving and not exceeding a species-unique optimum value for lifespan in a manner similar ...
... For tails there is therefore evolutionary force toward both achieving the optimum length and not exceeding it. Per Fig. 1, curve 4, programmed aging theories assume there is evolutionary force (f) toward both achieving and not exceeding a species-unique optimum value for lifespan in a manner similar ...
thesis_introduction
... The earth is experiencing warming at a rate that challenges the adaptive capacities of many animal species. Temperatures are increasing more rapidly in the Arctic than in any other region on the globe and predictions suggest that the degree of change is expected to be the greatest in this biome. The ...
... The earth is experiencing warming at a rate that challenges the adaptive capacities of many animal species. Temperatures are increasing more rapidly in the Arctic than in any other region on the globe and predictions suggest that the degree of change is expected to be the greatest in this biome. The ...
Docket No. FWS–HQ–ES–2
... threatened based on the best available scientific and commercial information. As defined in section 3 of the ESA, an endangered species is any species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range, and a threatened species is any species that is likely to becom ...
... threatened based on the best available scientific and commercial information. As defined in section 3 of the ESA, an endangered species is any species that is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant portion of its range, and a threatened species is any species that is likely to becom ...
Studying the evolution of physiological performance
... focus narrowly on correlative patterns or that test relationships between performance and correlates of fitness only during a short part of an animal's life-cycle are incomplete at best and potentially misleading. In this chapter, we begin with a short discussion of how we measure and interpret maxi ...
... focus narrowly on correlative patterns or that test relationships between performance and correlates of fitness only during a short part of an animal's life-cycle are incomplete at best and potentially misleading. In this chapter, we begin with a short discussion of how we measure and interpret maxi ...
A complex social structure with fission–fusion properties can emerge
... primates is far from being captured by idealized dichotomies such as clumped vs uniform or large vs small. Even when feeding for several days on only one species of fruit, it is likely that fruit-bearing trees of widely different sizes will be found, simply because of the age structure of the tree p ...
... primates is far from being captured by idealized dichotomies such as clumped vs uniform or large vs small. Even when feeding for several days on only one species of fruit, it is likely that fruit-bearing trees of widely different sizes will be found, simply because of the age structure of the tree p ...
Project description of University of Basel
... Carbon allocation in branch wood Taking advantage of the d13C-depleted CO2 used for the CO2 enrichment, we assessed the relative contribution of stored and current carbon compounds to new shoot growth in larch and pine. Wood and needle material from trees exposed to both ambient and elevated CO2 con ...
... Carbon allocation in branch wood Taking advantage of the d13C-depleted CO2 used for the CO2 enrichment, we assessed the relative contribution of stored and current carbon compounds to new shoot growth in larch and pine. Wood and needle material from trees exposed to both ambient and elevated CO2 con ...
Sustainable Management and conservation of the Mugger Crocodile
... Crocodylidae (crocodiles; 14 species), and Gavialidae (gharial; one species). They have considerable positive effects on their habitats which helps in the maintenance and function of the ecosystem. This is the reason a why, from an ecological point of view, they are considered "Key Stone Species" in ...
... Crocodylidae (crocodiles; 14 species), and Gavialidae (gharial; one species). They have considerable positive effects on their habitats which helps in the maintenance and function of the ecosystem. This is the reason a why, from an ecological point of view, they are considered "Key Stone Species" in ...
Marsh rabbit mortalities tie pythons to the precipitous decline of
... (d) Cause-specific mortality We examined mortality sites to determine the likely cause of death, and classified mortalities as predations by python, avian, mammalian, reptilian (non-python) and unknown endothermic predators. We classified rabbit mortalities as from an avian predator based on bird fa ...
... (d) Cause-specific mortality We examined mortality sites to determine the likely cause of death, and classified mortalities as predations by python, avian, mammalian, reptilian (non-python) and unknown endothermic predators. We classified rabbit mortalities as from an avian predator based on bird fa ...
By: David R.W. Bruinsma A Thesis
... lend or sell copies of the film, and to University Microfilms Inc. to publish an abstract of this thesis. This reproduction or copy of this thesis has been made available by authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research, and may only be reproduced and copied a ...
... lend or sell copies of the film, and to University Microfilms Inc. to publish an abstract of this thesis. This reproduction or copy of this thesis has been made available by authority of the copyright owner solely for the purpose of private study and research, and may only be reproduced and copied a ...
Enigmatic decline of eastern kingsnakes
... Relative abundance.—Sampling intensity and total snake captures at Ellenton Bay varied across years (Figs. 1, 2). Snake captures were high from 1984–1988, before the drought, and from 1991– 1993 after the wetland refilled (Seigel et al., 1995; Figs. 1, 2). Similarly, sampling intensity and snake cap ...
... Relative abundance.—Sampling intensity and total snake captures at Ellenton Bay varied across years (Figs. 1, 2). Snake captures were high from 1984–1988, before the drought, and from 1991– 1993 after the wetland refilled (Seigel et al., 1995; Figs. 1, 2). Similarly, sampling intensity and snake cap ...
REPORT: Ecology of Jaguars in the Cockscomb Basin Wildlife
... HMMDM is half the mean of the maximum distance (in metres) moved by any individual animal that was photographed in more than one location during a survey. It reflects the degree to which jaguars range during the survey period. The accumulated HMMDM is the value pooled across all individuals from all ...
... HMMDM is half the mean of the maximum distance (in metres) moved by any individual animal that was photographed in more than one location during a survey. It reflects the degree to which jaguars range during the survey period. The accumulated HMMDM is the value pooled across all individuals from all ...
Cytologist_an_endgered_species-BAC_13-09
... Cytologists - an endangered species? Behdad Shambayati Surrey Pathology Service ...
... Cytologists - an endangered species? Behdad Shambayati Surrey Pathology Service ...
It pays to have a big mouth: mushroom corals ingesting salps at
... dealing with corals in the process of capturing and eating salps, although Caribbean corals of Agaricia agaricites (Linnaeus, 1758) have also been observed to ingest planktonic tunicates (R.P.M. Bak, personal communication). With regard to the different growth forms of mushroom corals, the present o ...
... dealing with corals in the process of capturing and eating salps, although Caribbean corals of Agaricia agaricites (Linnaeus, 1758) have also been observed to ingest planktonic tunicates (R.P.M. Bak, personal communication). With regard to the different growth forms of mushroom corals, the present o ...
The life history and ecology of seahorses in the
... Seahorses are found throughout the Philippines (Figure 5 and Annex II.1-II.18). The Philippines is an archipelago comprised of about 7,500 islands (Mayuga 2016). The country‟s marine waters contain important marine habitats – coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests – and these habitats are ...
... Seahorses are found throughout the Philippines (Figure 5 and Annex II.1-II.18). The Philippines is an archipelago comprised of about 7,500 islands (Mayuga 2016). The country‟s marine waters contain important marine habitats – coral reefs, seagrass beds, and mangrove forests – and these habitats are ...
Harbour Porpoise _Pacific Ocean (Phocoena
... Also, in U.S. waters in the southern Strait of Georgia, Hanson et al. (1999) tracked a radiotagged harbour porpoise over a 215-day period. It spent most of its time over a deep-water (approximately 200 metres maximum depth) basin. GENERAL BIOLOGY Reproduction Information on the reproductive biology ...
... Also, in U.S. waters in the southern Strait of Georgia, Hanson et al. (1999) tracked a radiotagged harbour porpoise over a 215-day period. It spent most of its time over a deep-water (approximately 200 metres maximum depth) basin. GENERAL BIOLOGY Reproduction Information on the reproductive biology ...
Wulff 2012 - FSU Biology
... Sponges can dominate the biomass and species representation in benthic marine communities to the point that referring to “sponge communities” is apt. On coral reefs, mangrove prop roots, rocky intertidal shores, caves and crevices, subtidal hard bottoms in Antarctica and western Canadian fjords, and ...
... Sponges can dominate the biomass and species representation in benthic marine communities to the point that referring to “sponge communities” is apt. On coral reefs, mangrove prop roots, rocky intertidal shores, caves and crevices, subtidal hard bottoms in Antarctica and western Canadian fjords, and ...
Impact of pocket gopher disturbance on plant species diversity in a
... we were able to obtain a more direct measure of the effect of habitat on fitness. These species produce a flowering stalk from a single basal rosette. For each species, we set up a 10 x 10 m plot and marked all individuals. After flowering was completed, plots were censused and plants classified wit ...
... we were able to obtain a more direct measure of the effect of habitat on fitness. These species produce a flowering stalk from a single basal rosette. For each species, we set up a 10 x 10 m plot and marked all individuals. After flowering was completed, plots were censused and plants classified wit ...
Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies
... crustacean farming and are grown in coastal ponds. Farming of both shrimp and freshwater ®n®sh varies in its intensity and dependence on formulated feeds. Within aquaculture's wide diversity of species and production practices, two distinct subsectors have emerged during the past decade4. The ®rst g ...
... crustacean farming and are grown in coastal ponds. Farming of both shrimp and freshwater ®n®sh varies in its intensity and dependence on formulated feeds. Within aquaculture's wide diversity of species and production practices, two distinct subsectors have emerged during the past decade4. The ®rst g ...
Invasive Plants: Ecological and Agricultural Aspects
... thread in this volume is the construction of an intellectual framework that integrates academic ecology and theory, with management approaches and societal realities. All too often interactions between academics, managers, and policy makers are adversarial – a function of perspective. To my mind, ch ...
... thread in this volume is the construction of an intellectual framework that integrates academic ecology and theory, with management approaches and societal realities. All too often interactions between academics, managers, and policy makers are adversarial – a function of perspective. To my mind, ch ...
Effect of aquaculture on world fish supplies
... crustacean farming and are grown in coastal ponds. Farming of both shrimp and freshwater ®n®sh varies in its intensity and dependence on formulated feeds. Within aquaculture's wide diversity of species and production practices, two distinct subsectors have emerged during the past decade4. The ®rst g ...
... crustacean farming and are grown in coastal ponds. Farming of both shrimp and freshwater ®n®sh varies in its intensity and dependence on formulated feeds. Within aquaculture's wide diversity of species and production practices, two distinct subsectors have emerged during the past decade4. The ®rst g ...
Portz and Tyus 2004 - Wildlife Ecology and Conservation
... Results of flow tests demonstrated that, as an adaptation, large nuchal humps were not advantageous to life in fast flowing water and so we sought a more plausible explanation. Because the hump produces the general effect of making the fish much larger in body depth, it might also make a fish less vulner ...
... Results of flow tests demonstrated that, as an adaptation, large nuchal humps were not advantageous to life in fast flowing water and so we sought a more plausible explanation. Because the hump produces the general effect of making the fish much larger in body depth, it might also make a fish less vulner ...
Chelodina longicollis (Shaw 1794) – Eastern Long
... recorded in the Murray Valley (NSW and Victoria), where males mature at CL of 180–190 mm and females at 210 mm (Chessman 1978). Smaller sizes are reported from Jervis Bay (NSW), Armidale (NSW) and the Latrobe Valley (Victoria) where males mature at CL of 142–152 mm and females at 165–185 mm (Parment ...
... recorded in the Murray Valley (NSW and Victoria), where males mature at CL of 180–190 mm and females at 210 mm (Chessman 1978). Smaller sizes are reported from Jervis Bay (NSW), Armidale (NSW) and the Latrobe Valley (Victoria) where males mature at CL of 142–152 mm and females at 165–185 mm (Parment ...
do similar communities develop in similar sites? a test
... Abstract. McCune and Allen (1985) asked the question ‘‘Will similar forests develop on similar sites?’’ and concluded that dissimilar old-growth forests had developed on similar sites due to historical factors (colonization, disturbance, etc.). We asked ‘‘Do similar zooplankton communities develop i ...
... Abstract. McCune and Allen (1985) asked the question ‘‘Will similar forests develop on similar sites?’’ and concluded that dissimilar old-growth forests had developed on similar sites due to historical factors (colonization, disturbance, etc.). We asked ‘‘Do similar zooplankton communities develop i ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.