Biodiversity, ecosystem services and adaptation - BASIC
... Linkages of CC, Adaptation and Biodiversity •Every year, 3.2 Gt of atmospheric of C is built up (release minus assimilation by terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems) •Ecosystems approach helps the scope of adaptation and its impact on biodiversity •Land use change can significantly influence the reduc ...
... Linkages of CC, Adaptation and Biodiversity •Every year, 3.2 Gt of atmospheric of C is built up (release minus assimilation by terrestrial and oceanic ecosystems) •Ecosystems approach helps the scope of adaptation and its impact on biodiversity •Land use change can significantly influence the reduc ...
pdf reprint
... decades. Some of these experiments, such as the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in Brazil (Laurance et al. 2011), have been operating for many years, while others still are just initiating (e.g. The Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems in Borneo (Ewers et al. 2011) and the Thousand ...
... decades. Some of these experiments, such as the Biological Dynamics of Forest Fragments Project in Brazil (Laurance et al. 2011), have been operating for many years, while others still are just initiating (e.g. The Stability of Altered Forest Ecosystems in Borneo (Ewers et al. 2011) and the Thousand ...
A Stoichiometric Model of Early Plant Primary Succession
... model parameters. We also assume that the plants considered here grow vegetatively (reproduction is ignored), have fixed amounts of C per unit biomass, have fixed allocation of biomass to roots and shoots, and compete solely through the reduction of belowground resources. We also assume that nutrien ...
... model parameters. We also assume that the plants considered here grow vegetatively (reproduction is ignored), have fixed amounts of C per unit biomass, have fixed allocation of biomass to roots and shoots, and compete solely through the reduction of belowground resources. We also assume that nutrien ...
... & Cone 1997, Lafferty et al. 2008), and phylogenetic relationships between the hosts and their parasites (Poulin 1995, Vickery & Poulin 1998). In addition, dietary and parasitological studies provide basic biological knowledge about any species, and an understanding of the importance of their functi ...
The Great Spruce Bark Beetle (Dendroctonus micans) is important
... beetles (Anobiidae). This clerid beetle is, in conditions of central Europe, associated with sunexposed trees, and thus its foraging success on wood worms is greatly decreased toward oaks in dense forests. Both insect predators and parasitoids are mostly dependent on chemical communication and three ...
... beetles (Anobiidae). This clerid beetle is, in conditions of central Europe, associated with sunexposed trees, and thus its foraging success on wood worms is greatly decreased toward oaks in dense forests. Both insect predators and parasitoids are mostly dependent on chemical communication and three ...
The impact of fox and feral cat predation
... MUZAFFAR, S.B., BENJAMIN, S.D. & GUBIANI, R. 2013. The impact of fox and feral cat predation on the population viability of the threatened, endemic Socotra Cormorant on Siniya Island, United Arab Emirates. Marine Ornithology 41: 171–177. Seabirds are vulnerable to a variety of threats occurring at b ...
... MUZAFFAR, S.B., BENJAMIN, S.D. & GUBIANI, R. 2013. The impact of fox and feral cat predation on the population viability of the threatened, endemic Socotra Cormorant on Siniya Island, United Arab Emirates. Marine Ornithology 41: 171–177. Seabirds are vulnerable to a variety of threats occurring at b ...
Numbers of reported cases of bedbug infestations have been
... their coloration and their ability to see, since neither trait will be needed for their survival. Distractor Rationale: This answer suggests the student may understand that when an environment changes, adaptations such as coloration or vision may be lost if they no longer provide a selective advanta ...
... their coloration and their ability to see, since neither trait will be needed for their survival. Distractor Rationale: This answer suggests the student may understand that when an environment changes, adaptations such as coloration or vision may be lost if they no longer provide a selective advanta ...
The Effects of Urban Sprawl on Birds at Multiple Levels
... ABSTRACT. Urban sprawl affects the environment in myriad ways and at multiple levels of biological organization. In this paper I explore the effects of sprawl on native bird communities by comparing the occurrence of birds along gradients of urban land use in southwestern Ohio and northern Californi ...
... ABSTRACT. Urban sprawl affects the environment in myriad ways and at multiple levels of biological organization. In this paper I explore the effects of sprawl on native bird communities by comparing the occurrence of birds along gradients of urban land use in southwestern Ohio and northern Californi ...
What is our impact on Biodiversity - Barbara and Kris` Division II MST
... and feared extinct in 1979! A small population was discovered in Wyoming in 1981, but that population was nearly wiped out by a plague, followed by an epidemic of canine distemper. The last 18 survivors of the population were taken into a captive breeding program to assist in the species’ recovery. ...
... and feared extinct in 1979! A small population was discovered in Wyoming in 1981, but that population was nearly wiped out by a plague, followed by an epidemic of canine distemper. The last 18 survivors of the population were taken into a captive breeding program to assist in the species’ recovery. ...
- Wiley Online Library
... tolerance; Coley et al., 1985). Indeed, tropical sites characterized by high soil fertility, rainfall, and temperature, can favour the evolution of fast growth (Coley & Barone, 1996; Fine et al., 2004). This might therefore lead to selection for lower resistance and higher tolerance to herbivory in ...
... tolerance; Coley et al., 1985). Indeed, tropical sites characterized by high soil fertility, rainfall, and temperature, can favour the evolution of fast growth (Coley & Barone, 1996; Fine et al., 2004). This might therefore lead to selection for lower resistance and higher tolerance to herbivory in ...
Biodiversity and ecosystem productivity in a fluctuating environment
... species A and B, such that species A always have a productivity that is higher than that of species B, there is no difference as regards ecosystem productivity between a monoculture of one species A and a mixture of one A plus any number of B. That is, species with a consistently low productivity ha ...
... species A and B, such that species A always have a productivity that is higher than that of species B, there is no difference as regards ecosystem productivity between a monoculture of one species A and a mixture of one A plus any number of B. That is, species with a consistently low productivity ha ...
BIO_Call of the Wild_web.indb
... The number of beans represents the amount of elk that the wolf was able to consume. Record this number in Table 1. 4. Determine the number of surviving elk, surviving wolves, and if the wolves were able to reproduce or not, and record these numbers in Table 1. Remember that each wolf must consume at ...
... The number of beans represents the amount of elk that the wolf was able to consume. Record this number in Table 1. 4. Determine the number of surviving elk, surviving wolves, and if the wolves were able to reproduce or not, and record these numbers in Table 1. Remember that each wolf must consume at ...
Project: Big Shark, Big Loss, Big Impact: Sharks are Apex Predators
... Select ~15 students to play the role of herring. Record this number in the data table for round 1. They must collect their food – plankton, and avoid being eaten by Bluefish. If tagged they must give the Bluefish their plankton cards and go to an area designated as the fish cemetery. Select ~5 stude ...
... Select ~15 students to play the role of herring. Record this number in the data table for round 1. They must collect their food – plankton, and avoid being eaten by Bluefish. If tagged they must give the Bluefish their plankton cards and go to an area designated as the fish cemetery. Select ~5 stude ...
Module 6 Ecological Principles - Members
... over a few years. The challenge is how to apply this information to larger areas and longer times. Upscaling or extrapolating in space is difficult but can be done by stratified sampling or survey, and by use of different tools, for example, remote sensing. Alternatively, ecological studies can begi ...
... over a few years. The challenge is how to apply this information to larger areas and longer times. Upscaling or extrapolating in space is difficult but can be done by stratified sampling or survey, and by use of different tools, for example, remote sensing. Alternatively, ecological studies can begi ...
Spatiotemporal food web dynamics along a desert riparian–upland
... species, possibly even resulting in habitat segregation in spatially-heterogeneous environments. However, exogenous environmental variation will modify predator-prey dynamics (Brassil 2006), potentially altering the strength ...
... species, possibly even resulting in habitat segregation in spatially-heterogeneous environments. However, exogenous environmental variation will modify predator-prey dynamics (Brassil 2006), potentially altering the strength ...
From the mathematical kinetic, and stochastic game theory to
... systems. The above index shows that this paper is organized in three parts. The first part reports about biological sciences and mathematical tools. The second part, namely Sections 4 and 5, provides a survey and critical analysis of the literature in the field, while the third part is focused on op ...
... systems. The above index shows that this paper is organized in three parts. The first part reports about biological sciences and mathematical tools. The second part, namely Sections 4 and 5, provides a survey and critical analysis of the literature in the field, while the third part is focused on op ...
Variation in Body Shape across Species and Populations in a
... strongly associated with its growth, survival, and reproductive success in different environments [10–12] and often underlies its functional role in ecosystems [13,14]. Trade-offs among multiple traits underlying fitness can constrain an organism’s niche breadth and limit the population’s response t ...
... strongly associated with its growth, survival, and reproductive success in different environments [10–12] and often underlies its functional role in ecosystems [13,14]. Trade-offs among multiple traits underlying fitness can constrain an organism’s niche breadth and limit the population’s response t ...
Feeding preferences for juvenile and adult algae depend on algal
... Alana marginata (Van Alstyne et al. unpubl.). However, in the northwest Atlantic, phlorotannin concentrations were lower in juveniles than adults of Fucus vesiculosus and F, evanescens, and similar in juveniles and adults of F. spiralis (Denton et al. 1990). Food preferences for macroalgal species a ...
... Alana marginata (Van Alstyne et al. unpubl.). However, in the northwest Atlantic, phlorotannin concentrations were lower in juveniles than adults of Fucus vesiculosus and F, evanescens, and similar in juveniles and adults of F. spiralis (Denton et al. 1990). Food preferences for macroalgal species a ...
Experimental evidence for fundamental, and not realized, niche
... Wilson 1956; Schluter 1994). When this process occurs between multiple species within a community, it is termed community-wide ECD (Strong, Szyska & Simberloff 1979). Patterns of niche partitioning can also result from other processes that do not involve interspecific competition (Schluter 1984). Ni ...
... Wilson 1956; Schluter 1994). When this process occurs between multiple species within a community, it is termed community-wide ECD (Strong, Szyska & Simberloff 1979). Patterns of niche partitioning can also result from other processes that do not involve interspecific competition (Schluter 1984). Ni ...
MACROALGAL ABUNDANCE IN INTERTIDAL ZONE OF
... Sarangan beach has high biodiversity of macroalgae. Macroalgae has an important role as primary producer for herbivorous marine animals, potentially as biomonitoring, and pollutant bioremediation. As benthic organisms, macroalgae grows attached rocky or reef substrate in intertidal zone. These resea ...
... Sarangan beach has high biodiversity of macroalgae. Macroalgae has an important role as primary producer for herbivorous marine animals, potentially as biomonitoring, and pollutant bioremediation. As benthic organisms, macroalgae grows attached rocky or reef substrate in intertidal zone. These resea ...
Notes_UMARP_DFG_Restoratioin_Notes
... Will implementation of the biological opinions result in environmental changes that affect populations of salmonids and Delta smelt? McEwan, Dennis Will the ERP and related programs increase the area of restored habitat in the Delta? Of specific types of habitat? Program by program? Targets are diff ...
... Will implementation of the biological opinions result in environmental changes that affect populations of salmonids and Delta smelt? McEwan, Dennis Will the ERP and related programs increase the area of restored habitat in the Delta? Of specific types of habitat? Program by program? Targets are diff ...
this PDF file
... exists of recognition of conspecific alarm cues among freshwater biota, but these cues are usually related to predation risk rather than competition (e.g. Scrimgeour et al. 1994, Huryn & Chivers 1999, McCarthy & Fisher 2000). Furthermore, the majority of research on competitive interactions has focu ...
... exists of recognition of conspecific alarm cues among freshwater biota, but these cues are usually related to predation risk rather than competition (e.g. Scrimgeour et al. 1994, Huryn & Chivers 1999, McCarthy & Fisher 2000). Furthermore, the majority of research on competitive interactions has focu ...
5-1 How Populations Grow
... population density reaches a certain level. These factors operate most strongly when a population is large and dense. They do not affect small, scattered populations as greatly. ...
... population density reaches a certain level. These factors operate most strongly when a population is large and dense. They do not affect small, scattered populations as greatly. ...
Behavior and Ecology
... which young animals are captured in the wild and then raised in captivity or simply introduced into a new area, are also becoming popular (e.g., Alberts et al., Knapp and Hudson, Wilson et al., all in this volume). When iguanas are brought into captivity in a headstart program, how can we ensure tha ...
... which young animals are captured in the wild and then raised in captivity or simply introduced into a new area, are also becoming popular (e.g., Alberts et al., Knapp and Hudson, Wilson et al., all in this volume). When iguanas are brought into captivity in a headstart program, how can we ensure tha ...
Theoretical ecology
Theoretical ecology is the scientific discipline devoted to the study of ecological systems using theoretical methods such as simple conceptual models, mathematical models, computational simulations, and advanced data analysis. Effective models improve understanding of the natural world by revealing how the dynamics of species populations are often based on fundamental biological conditions and processes. Further, the field aims to unify a diverse range of empirical observations by assuming that common, mechanistic processes generate observable phenomena across species and ecological environments. Based on biologically realistic assumptions, theoretical ecologists are able to uncover novel, non-intuitive insights about natural processes. Theoretical results are often verified by empirical and observational studies, revealing the power of theoretical methods in both predicting and understanding the noisy, diverse biological world.The field is broad and includes foundations in applied mathematics, computer science, biology, statistical physics, genetics, chemistry, evolution, and conservation biology. Theoretical ecology aims to explain a diverse range of phenomena in the life sciences, such as population growth and dynamics, fisheries, competition, evolutionary theory, epidemiology, animal behavior and group dynamics, food webs, ecosystems, spatial ecology, and the effects of climate change.Theoretical ecology has further benefited from the advent of fast computing power, allowing the analysis and visualization of large-scale computational simulations of ecological phenomena. Importantly, these modern tools provide quantitative predictions about the effects of human induced environmental change on a diverse variety of ecological phenomena, such as: species invasions, climate change, the effect of fishing and hunting on food network stability, and the global carbon cycle.