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Lab Handout (MS Word format)
Lab Handout (MS Word format)

... dn/dt is the actual growth rate at a point in time N is the size of the population at that point in time (so actually it should have a subscript – but we can leave it out for now) K is a “constant” the maximum possible population size or carrying capacity R is the intrinsic growth rate for that spec ...
Human Population Ecology
Human Population Ecology

... population. With other possible causes eliminated, … mortality had to be the explanation. In the past, they had seen temporary declines in otter populations because of starvation, pollution or infectious disease. “In all those cases,” Dr. Estes said, “we find lots of bodies. They get weak and tired ...
Population Dynamics, Carrying Capacity
Population Dynamics, Carrying Capacity

... • If the number of individuals added are balanced by those lost then there is zero population growth (ZPG) • Populations vary in their capacity for growth, also known as biotic potential. • Intrinsic rate of growth (r)- is the rate at which a population will grow if it had unlimited resources. • Car ...
河 北 科 技 大 学 教 案 用 纸
河 北 科 技 大 学 教 案 用 纸

... -Lag stage: the population grows very slowly because there are few births, since the process of reproduction and growth of offspring takes time. -Exponential growth stage: offspring begin to mate and have young, the parents may be producing a second set of offspring. Since more organisms now are rep ...
density factors - Dr. Richard Thomas: Introduction and Contact
density factors - Dr. Richard Thomas: Introduction and Contact

... Other controls have a greater impact if the density of the population is large (density dependent controls): ...
Chapter 26 Practice Questions
Chapter 26 Practice Questions

... e. the maximum biotic potential of a species assuming no limitation of resources Answer: (C)10. Which of the following factors is NOT an example of density-dependent environmental resistance? a. weather b. competition c. predation d. parasitism e. lack of food Answer (C)11. Once established, exotic ...
Living in the environment
Living in the environment

... • The total number of organisms an environment can support over a specified period • Some factors that regulate populations include: ...
Populations 8
Populations 8

... • Carrying capacity is the largest population that an environment can support at any given time. • A population may increase beyond this number but it cannot stay at this increased size. • Because ecosystems change, carrying capacity is difficult to predict or calculate exactly. However, it may be e ...
Chapter 14
Chapter 14

... Carrying capacity is the maximum number of individuals in a population that the environment can support. •Ecological factors limit population growth. •A limiting factor is something that keeps the size of a population down. Density-dependent limiting factors are affected by the number of individuals ...
Intra-specific Interactions II
Intra-specific Interactions II

... Population Regulation Populations are regulated if they display three phenomena: 1). The population persists through time 2). Population size is bounded so that although size fluctuates, it does so in a constrained manner 3). The population demonstrates return tendency, i.e., it increases when smal ...
Population Growth
Population Growth

... Exponential growth grows at a fast increasing rate with NO limiting factors Logistic Growth levels off due to limiting factors and reaches carrying capacity Limiting factors are factors that prevent a population from growing infinitely (forever!) ...
Science Notes: September 8, 2011 COMPETITON Competition may
Science Notes: September 8, 2011 COMPETITON Competition may

... Competition may occur for many reasons. Usually this has to do with resources like food and water, but also for other reasons like living space. Competition occurs when two or more organisms compete for the same resources. Example: ...
Chapter 5 Populations
Chapter 5 Populations

... 2. Density and Distribution:  Population Density - # of individuals per unit area  Distribution – individual spacing in a population (random, uniformly, clumping ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... of individuals that are past reproductive age? ...
Response to External Factors
Response to External Factors

... How do populations grow? • Idealized models describe two kinds of population growth 1. exponential growth 2. logistic growth ...
Exam 6 Review - Iowa State University
Exam 6 Review - Iowa State University

... D) random 33.) Julie was walking through the bayou in her homeland of New Orleans and recorded 53 pelicans per square mile. Then she came back to ISU and recorded only 2 pelicans per square mile in a different marsh. What was she comparing? A) carrying capacity B) species richness C) range D) densit ...
Chapter 11
Chapter 11

... It is also called the per capita rate of increase or intrinsic rate of natural increase. It is a measure of the instantaneous rate of change of population size per individual. It is the difference between the instantaneous birthrate and the instantaneous death rate. ...
Species and Populations
Species and Populations

... choices and natural constraints. Consequently, the question, how many people can the Earth support, does not have a single numerical answer, now or ever. Human choices about the Earth's human carrying capacity are constrained by facts of nature which we understand poorly. So any estimates of human c ...
Introduction to Environmental Science
Introduction to Environmental Science

... present, population levels will be growing or at their peak. This is the optimal range for that factor.  At the zone of physiologic stress, levels of the factor are ...
Population Ecology
Population Ecology

... Population Dynamics • Theoretically, if reproduction and mortality rates in a non-mobile population are equal and constant, the number of individuals in the population would remain constant • Natural population are not static – Constantly subject to change and motion because of many variable factor ...
Ecology Population
Ecology Population

... • Dispersion: The pattern of spacing a population within an area (Way that individuals are arranged • 3 main types of dispersion ...
Population Dynamics
Population Dynamics

... Notice that a population that has reached its carrying capacity still fluctuates, but averages out at the carrying capacity. ...
Intro to Ecology
Intro to Ecology

... • Defined: Populations of many species living in the same area at the same time • Each organism has it own HABITAT – Habitat: Place where an organism lives • Each species has its own NICHE – Niche: The role/needs of a species – Ex: Termites return nutrients to the soil ...
Ecology Unit
Ecology Unit

... passes (the "log phase"). When numbers are low, a doubling does not produce much addition to the population, but as numbers increase, each successive doubling adds larger and larger increments. ...
Midterm Practice Questions
Midterm Practice Questions

... c. are always animals and never plants. d. immediately kill their hosts. 5. Which of the following statements explains why the growth of air plants on the high branches of tropical trees is an example of commensalism? a. The air plants draw nourishment from the trees. b. The trees could live with or ...
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Maximum sustainable yield

In population ecology and economics, maximum sustainable yield or MSY is theoretically, the largest yield (or catch) that can be taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period. Fundamental to the notion of sustainable harvest, the concept of MSY aims to maintain the population size at the point of maximum growth rate by harvesting the individuals that would normally be added to the population, allowing the population to continue to be productive indefinitely. Under the assumption of logistic growth, resource limitation does not constrain individuals’ reproductive rates when populations are small, but because there are few individuals, the overall yield is small. At intermediate population densities, also represented by half the carrying capacity, individuals are able to breed to their maximum rate. At this point, called the maximum sustainable yield, there is a surplus of individuals that can be harvested because growth of the population is at its maximum point due to the large number of reproducing individuals. Above this point, density dependent factors increasingly limit breeding until the population reaches carrying capacity. At this point, there are no surplus individuals to be harvested and yield drops to zero. The maximum sustainable yield is usually higher than the optimum sustainable yield and maximum economic yield.MSY is extensively used for fisheries management. Unlike the logistic (Schaefer) model, MSY has been refined in most modern fisheries models and occurs at around 30% of the unexploited population size. This fraction differs among populations depending on the life history of the species and the age-specific selectivity of the fishing method.However, the approach has been widely criticized as ignoring several key factors involved in fisheries management and has led to the devastating collapse of many fisheries. As a simple calculation, it ignores the size and age of the animal being taken, its reproductive status, and it focuses solely on the species in question, ignoring the damage to the ecosystem caused by the designated level of exploitation and the issue of bycatch. Among conservation biologists it is widely regarded as dangerous and misused.
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