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Some Questions to Ponder
Some Questions to Ponder

... In a population of mice, 50% of the females survive to the first breeding season when they are one year old. In each year they give rise to an average of 6 offspring with a 1:1 sex ratio. Between each breeding event and the next, 50% die. This continues to the end of their third breeding season at w ...
Homage to Malthus, Ricardo, and Boserup
Homage to Malthus, Ricardo, and Boserup

... things that happen to human populations and environmental deterioration as all the bad things. Most long run changes in the efficiency of economic production are due to technological or institutional improvements—new, better ideas—most growth economists and economic ...
10 - Dr. Mark Pyron
10 - Dr. Mark Pyron

... Larger species take longer to grow to mature size. Larger species often reproduce throughout long life span. ...
5.2 Limits to Growth 137
5.2 Limits to Growth 137

... 14. What term describes a limiting factor that affects all populations in similar ways, regardless of population size? 15. What is the usual response in the population size of many species to a density-independent limiting factor? 16. Complete the graphic organizer with examples of density-independe ...
Terrestrial Biomes
Terrestrial Biomes

... • Organisms are dependent upon their environments for energy and matter. • Population growth rate is how fast a population changes in size over time. It is determined by rates of birth, death, immigration, and emigration. • Under ideal conditions, populations can grow exponentially. The growth rate ...
Sample 5.3.B.2 Complete
Sample 5.3.B.2 Complete

... The scientists wonder what causes the algae to grow so much in some reefs, and they wonder how the algae might contribute to the deaths of the coral. Some scientists are considering this explanation: 1. Chemicals from farms or factories get into the water. 2. These chemicals cause plants such as alg ...
Ecosystems, Populations, Communities Name: Date - Problem
Ecosystems, Populations, Communities Name: Date - Problem

... Base your answer(s) to the following question(s) on the graph below and on your knowledge of biology. The graph shows the growth of a population of rabbits in a speci c ecosystem. Rabbit Population in a Speci c Ecosystem ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... Too much fighting can cause high levels of stress, which can weaken the body’s ability to resist disease. In some species, stress from overcrowding can cause females to ...
File
File

... This cycle continued over years and had obviously found a natural balance to do with availability of food for both populations. graph When the fox population was drastically reduced due to hunting, the resulting explosion of the rabbit population led to overgrazing of the vegetation. graph This prod ...
Sample Final November 2007 File - Moodle
Sample Final November 2007 File - Moodle

... ____ 21. When forest habitat is fragmented, which of the following occurs? a. Populations of interior species will c. The habitat will become cooler and increase because there are now more ...
lecture 25 - avian demography
lecture 25 - avian demography

... GRAPHS c. If r = 0 or if  = 1, the population is stable. If r<0 or <1, the population declines, if r>0 or >1, the population increases. These make perfect sense from the equations above. 2. Logistic growth rate. Obviously, many populations cannot increase forever; resources become limited and the ...
Populations and Communities
Populations and Communities

...  In the real world…food, predators, and disease limit population growth. Eventually, population growth slows and may stabilize.  The largest population that an environment can support at any given time is called the carrying capacity. ...
1 Ecological Interactions Packet
1 Ecological Interactions Packet

... Models allow the prediction of the impact of change in biotic and abiotic factors. 1. Competition for resources and other factors limits growth and can be described by the logistic model. 2. Competition for resources, territoriality, health, predation, accumulation of wastes and other factors contri ...
Limits to Growth College Biology Mr. Lee Room 320
Limits to Growth College Biology Mr. Lee Room 320

... may be limited by: • Availability of food and living space • Disease ...
Basic characteristics of Populations - Powerpoint for Sept. 25.
Basic characteristics of Populations - Powerpoint for Sept. 25.

... produced per unit time - we are most concerned with realized fecundity - actual number of survivors • Mortality - death rate - its converse is survivorship mortality looks at how many die per unit time, survivorship at how many don't die per unit time • Longevity examines life-span of individuals - ...
Chapter 52 - AP Biology
Chapter 52 - AP Biology

... 15. Describe two ways to simplify food webs. 16. Summarize two hypotheses that explain why food chains are relatively short. 17. Explain how dominant and keystone species exert strong control on community structure. Describe an example of each. 18. Describe and distinguish between the bottom-up and ...
Fall Final Exam SG
Fall Final Exam SG

... 2. The importance of the Troposphere and Stratosphere. 3. What does the stratosphere contain? 4. Difference between weather and climate. 5. What has the biggest influence in determining climate? 6. What are CFC’s and how do they affect the Ozone Layer? 7. What does the ozone layer do for earth? 8. D ...
Biology - Riverside Military Academy
Biology - Riverside Military Academy

... How does this law relate to the cycling of carbon in an ecosystem? Chapter 3: 1. Generalize the difference between a successional stage and a climax community. 2. Infer whether species diversity increases or decreases after a fire on a grassland. Explain your response. 3. Explain why the concepts of ...
Outbreaks
Outbreaks

... Do monocultures increase the probability of outbreaks? Monocultures are often devoid of natural enemies. Outbreak species asre of opf higher density. Monocultures provide high ...
Population Genetics
Population Genetics

... – Ex. Population of 10 guinea pigs. Only one member displays an allele B, for black coat color. If the black individual does not mate, the black allele will disappear from the population. – Genetic drift is more important in small populations than in large ones. (H-W principle applies to large popul ...
Population
Population

... Populations Can Grow, Shrink, or Remain Stable (2) • Age structure • Pre-reproductive age • Reproductive age • Post-reproductive age ...
Limiting Factors
Limiting Factors

... This allows their species to continue on. Even though all animals reproduce, they all differ in how many offspring they can produce ...
review 2
review 2

... the most biomass Biomass - sum weight of all individuals in population Keystone species - not abundant but has control by role not numbers i.e.. sea star pg. 1184 ...
Ch. 53 Lecture Ch_53_Lecture_2015
Ch. 53 Lecture Ch_53_Lecture_2015

... • Population density can influence the health and survival of organisms • In dense populations, pathogens can spread more rapidly ...
Ecology - Images
Ecology - Images

... changes over time. Most populations stabilize rather than grow endlessly. Why? Because of demands on the ecosystem (ex. Enough food?) ...
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Maximum sustainable yield

In population ecology and economics, maximum sustainable yield or MSY is theoretically, the largest yield (or catch) that can be taken from a species' stock over an indefinite period. Fundamental to the notion of sustainable harvest, the concept of MSY aims to maintain the population size at the point of maximum growth rate by harvesting the individuals that would normally be added to the population, allowing the population to continue to be productive indefinitely. Under the assumption of logistic growth, resource limitation does not constrain individuals’ reproductive rates when populations are small, but because there are few individuals, the overall yield is small. At intermediate population densities, also represented by half the carrying capacity, individuals are able to breed to their maximum rate. At this point, called the maximum sustainable yield, there is a surplus of individuals that can be harvested because growth of the population is at its maximum point due to the large number of reproducing individuals. Above this point, density dependent factors increasingly limit breeding until the population reaches carrying capacity. At this point, there are no surplus individuals to be harvested and yield drops to zero. The maximum sustainable yield is usually higher than the optimum sustainable yield and maximum economic yield.MSY is extensively used for fisheries management. Unlike the logistic (Schaefer) model, MSY has been refined in most modern fisheries models and occurs at around 30% of the unexploited population size. This fraction differs among populations depending on the life history of the species and the age-specific selectivity of the fishing method.However, the approach has been widely criticized as ignoring several key factors involved in fisheries management and has led to the devastating collapse of many fisheries. As a simple calculation, it ignores the size and age of the animal being taken, its reproductive status, and it focuses solely on the species in question, ignoring the damage to the ecosystem caused by the designated level of exploitation and the issue of bycatch. Among conservation biologists it is widely regarded as dangerous and misused.
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