E. coli - Department of Chemistry
... Levulinic acid by acid catalyzed dehydration of sugars Glucaric acid by oxidation of starch with nitric acid or hypochlorite ...
... Levulinic acid by acid catalyzed dehydration of sugars Glucaric acid by oxidation of starch with nitric acid or hypochlorite ...
Basics of Biology Chapter 4
... Proteins- Made up of chains of amino acids (have nitrogen in them) Enzymes- proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body Hormones- chemical messengers in the body ...
... Proteins- Made up of chains of amino acids (have nitrogen in them) Enzymes- proteins that speed up chemical reactions in the body Hormones- chemical messengers in the body ...
III. Metabolism
... The H-type predominates aerobic tissues such as heart muscle. The M-type predominates tissue that are subject to anaerobic conditions such as liver and skeletal muscle. H4 LDH has a low KM for pyruvate and is allosterically inhibited by it. M4 LDH has a low KM for pyruvate and is NOT allosterically ...
... The H-type predominates aerobic tissues such as heart muscle. The M-type predominates tissue that are subject to anaerobic conditions such as liver and skeletal muscle. H4 LDH has a low KM for pyruvate and is allosterically inhibited by it. M4 LDH has a low KM for pyruvate and is NOT allosterically ...
IDENTIFICATION OF A BACTERIO
... 2. Radioactively labelled lysine, tyrosine and valine could not be ~corporated into peptide IV; the known sequence data show this peptide to lack these amino acids (as well as Ser, Phe, Asx). No other BrCN peptide lacks this combination of amino acids. 3. The amino acid analysis of purified peptide ...
... 2. Radioactively labelled lysine, tyrosine and valine could not be ~corporated into peptide IV; the known sequence data show this peptide to lack these amino acids (as well as Ser, Phe, Asx). No other BrCN peptide lacks this combination of amino acids. 3. The amino acid analysis of purified peptide ...
CHNOPS Lab
... Genes are the units that determine inherited characteristics, such as hair color and blood type. Genes are lengths of DNA molecules that determine the structure of polypeptides (the building blocks of proteins) that our cells make. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino ...
... Genes are the units that determine inherited characteristics, such as hair color and blood type. Genes are lengths of DNA molecules that determine the structure of polypeptides (the building blocks of proteins) that our cells make. The sequence of nucleotides in DNA determines the sequence of amino ...
Chapter 9: Cellular Respiration: Harvesting Chemical Energy Living
... C. Evolutionary significance of glycolysis 1. First prokaryotes: May have generated ATP from glycolysis (no O2) a. Most widespread metabolic pathway b. Cytosolic location 1.No membrane bound organelles in prokaryotic cells IV. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways A. Ve ...
... C. Evolutionary significance of glycolysis 1. First prokaryotes: May have generated ATP from glycolysis (no O2) a. Most widespread metabolic pathway b. Cytosolic location 1.No membrane bound organelles in prokaryotic cells IV. Glycolysis and Krebs cycle connect to many other metabolic pathways A. Ve ...
(H) +
... • Contain C and H • Usually larger than inorganic molecules • Dissolve in water and organic liquids • Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids Inorganic molecules • Generally do not contain C • Usually smaller than organic molecules • Usually dissociate in water, forming ions • Water, oxyg ...
... • Contain C and H • Usually larger than inorganic molecules • Dissolve in water and organic liquids • Carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids Inorganic molecules • Generally do not contain C • Usually smaller than organic molecules • Usually dissociate in water, forming ions • Water, oxyg ...
lecture 6, cellular respiration, 031709
... • Obligate anaerobes, such as some bacteria living in stagnant ponds or in the soil, are poisoned by oxygen. ...
... • Obligate anaerobes, such as some bacteria living in stagnant ponds or in the soil, are poisoned by oxygen. ...
生物化學小考(一) 範圍ch1~ch4
... (A) one is a pyranose, the other a furanose. (B) one is an aldose, the other a ketose. (C) they differ in length by one carbon. (D) they differ only in the configuration around one carbon atom. (E) they rotate plane-polarized light in the same direction. 3. The basic structure of a proteoglycan cons ...
... (A) one is a pyranose, the other a furanose. (B) one is an aldose, the other a ketose. (C) they differ in length by one carbon. (D) they differ only in the configuration around one carbon atom. (E) they rotate plane-polarized light in the same direction. 3. The basic structure of a proteoglycan cons ...
PEPTIDES and PROTEINS
... Amino acids can assemble into chains (peptides, polypeptides, proteins) o Can be very short to very long Dipeptide = two amino acids linked Tripeptide = three amino acids linked Amino acids sometimes called RESIDUES Identity and function of a protein or peptide is determined by o Amino acid comp ...
... Amino acids can assemble into chains (peptides, polypeptides, proteins) o Can be very short to very long Dipeptide = two amino acids linked Tripeptide = three amino acids linked Amino acids sometimes called RESIDUES Identity and function of a protein or peptide is determined by o Amino acid comp ...
Biology Review Notes
... DNA DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid The structure of DNA was discovered by Watson and Crick. DNA is the shape of a double helix ( which is a spiral staircase or twisted ladder) In eukaryotes, DNA is stored in the nucleus DNA is made up of repeating nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of deo ...
... DNA DNA stands for Deoxyribonucleic Acid The structure of DNA was discovered by Watson and Crick. DNA is the shape of a double helix ( which is a spiral staircase or twisted ladder) In eukaryotes, DNA is stored in the nucleus DNA is made up of repeating nucleotides. Each nucleotide is made up of deo ...
1. Introduction - UBC ECE - University of British Columbia
... (ASN) and hydrophobic (ILE) dimers. This indicates that some force, other than that merely related to the dimer-water reaction, is operative. Evidence that this force is the van der Waals (VDW) force comes from Fig. 3, which shows an increase, and then a tendency towards saturation, of the magnitude ...
... (ASN) and hydrophobic (ILE) dimers. This indicates that some force, other than that merely related to the dimer-water reaction, is operative. Evidence that this force is the van der Waals (VDW) force comes from Fig. 3, which shows an increase, and then a tendency towards saturation, of the magnitude ...
Nerve activates contraction
... sequence of nonoverlapping base triplets, or codons, each of which is translated into a specific amino acid during protein synthesis. ...
... sequence of nonoverlapping base triplets, or codons, each of which is translated into a specific amino acid during protein synthesis. ...
PPTX - Bonham Chemistry
... Available in Glucose is Captured in Glycolysis Glycolysis G’° = -146 kJ/mol ...
... Available in Glucose is Captured in Glycolysis Glycolysis G’° = -146 kJ/mol ...
Application Note
... Amino acids are active biomolecules and often present in food and beverages. They affect the quality of foodstuffs (taste, aroma and color). 1 There is a continued interest in the development of a reliable, rapid and accurate method of analysis for assessing the quality of foods for regulatory purpo ...
... Amino acids are active biomolecules and often present in food and beverages. They affect the quality of foodstuffs (taste, aroma and color). 1 There is a continued interest in the development of a reliable, rapid and accurate method of analysis for assessing the quality of foods for regulatory purpo ...
1. The carbon atoms of cysteine are derived from: A. Methionine B
... Glutaminase generates glutamine from glutamate using free ammonia. Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in serum. Guutamine synthetase utilizes ATP. Glutamine donates a nitrogen to aspartate to form asparagine. Glutamine can be used as a carbon source for energy by it conversion to TCA cycle in ...
... Glutaminase generates glutamine from glutamate using free ammonia. Glutamine is the most abundant amino acid in serum. Guutamine synthetase utilizes ATP. Glutamine donates a nitrogen to aspartate to form asparagine. Glutamine can be used as a carbon source for energy by it conversion to TCA cycle in ...
Polar amino acids with negative charge
... Cysteine differs from serine in a single atom-- the sulfur of the thiol replaces the oxygen of the alcohol. The amino acids are, however, much more different in their physical and chemical properties than their similarity might suggest. Cysteine also plays a key role in stabilizing extracellular pro ...
... Cysteine differs from serine in a single atom-- the sulfur of the thiol replaces the oxygen of the alcohol. The amino acids are, however, much more different in their physical and chemical properties than their similarity might suggest. Cysteine also plays a key role in stabilizing extracellular pro ...
Krebs Intro and CycleON
... It takes 2 H+ to cross the F1 particle to provide enough energy to make ATP. Because the electron transport chain oxidizes NADH or FADH2 and uses the energy to phosphorylate ADP, this is also known as oxidative ...
... It takes 2 H+ to cross the F1 particle to provide enough energy to make ATP. Because the electron transport chain oxidizes NADH or FADH2 and uses the energy to phosphorylate ADP, this is also known as oxidative ...
Respiration
... Step 2: Protons (indicated by + charge) enter back into the mitochondrial matrix through channels in ATP synthase enzyme complex. This entry is coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and phosphate (Pi) ...
... Step 2: Protons (indicated by + charge) enter back into the mitochondrial matrix through channels in ATP synthase enzyme complex. This entry is coupled to ATP synthesis from ADP and phosphate (Pi) ...
Glossary of Key Terms in Chapter Two
... composed of phosphate groups, 2’-deoxyribose, and the nitrogenous bases thymine, cytosine, adenine, and guanine. deoxyribonucleotide (20.1) a nucleotide composed of a nitrogenous base in -N-glycosidic linkage to the 1’ carbon of the sugar 2’-deoxyribose and with one, two, or three phosphoryl groups ...
... composed of phosphate groups, 2’-deoxyribose, and the nitrogenous bases thymine, cytosine, adenine, and guanine. deoxyribonucleotide (20.1) a nucleotide composed of a nitrogenous base in -N-glycosidic linkage to the 1’ carbon of the sugar 2’-deoxyribose and with one, two, or three phosphoryl groups ...
Biochemistry
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Biochemistry, sometimes called biological chemistry, is the study of chemical processes within and relating to living organisms. By controlling information flow through biochemical signaling and the flow of chemical energy through metabolism, biochemical processes give rise to the complexity of life. Over the last decades of the 20th century, biochemistry has become so successful at explaining living processes that now almost all areas of the life sciences from botany to medicine to genetics are engaged in biochemical research. Today, the main focus of pure biochemistry is in understanding how biological molecules give rise to the processes that occur within living cells, which in turn relates greatly to the study and understanding of whole organisms.Biochemistry is closely related to molecular biology, the study of the molecular mechanisms by which genetic information encoded in DNA is able to result in the processes of life. Depending on the exact definition of the terms used, molecular biology can be thought of as a branch of biochemistry, or biochemistry as a tool with which to investigate and study molecular biology.Much of biochemistry deals with the structures, functions and interactions of biological macromolecules, such as proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates and lipids, which provide the structure of cells and perform many of the functions associated with life. The chemistry of the cell also depends on the reactions of smaller molecules and ions. These can be inorganic, for example water and metal ions, or organic, for example the amino acids which are used to synthesize proteins. The mechanisms by which cells harness energy from their environment via chemical reactions are known as metabolism. The findings of biochemistry are applied primarily in medicine, nutrition, and agriculture. In medicine, biochemists investigate the causes and cures of disease. In nutrition, they study how to maintain health and study the effects of nutritional deficiencies. In agriculture, biochemists investigate soil and fertilizers, and try to discover ways to improve crop cultivation, crop storage and pest control.