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8th grade Science Study Guide – Earthquakes
... Divergent boundary = motion that happens when two plates pull away from each other. During elastic rebound, the energy released travels as seismic waves in all directions from the focus. Rock that deforms like a stretched rubber band is an example of elastic deformation. A thing that acts li ...
... Divergent boundary = motion that happens when two plates pull away from each other. During elastic rebound, the energy released travels as seismic waves in all directions from the focus. Rock that deforms like a stretched rubber band is an example of elastic deformation. A thing that acts li ...
New Earthquake Review
... 15. How many major plates are there on Earth? 16. How do convection currents play a role in earthquakes? ...
... 15. How many major plates are there on Earth? 16. How do convection currents play a role in earthquakes? ...
Reference answers 2.(a) (i) Richter Scale (1 mark) (ii) Plate X
... gigantic waves are generated (2 marks) (c) More developed region Æ Earthquake-proof design is adopted in most buildings – isolation device, the use of strong building materials Æ More knowledgeable about earthquakes / earthquake drills are carried out regularly Æ Well-trained and fully-equipped sear ...
... gigantic waves are generated (2 marks) (c) More developed region Æ Earthquake-proof design is adopted in most buildings – isolation device, the use of strong building materials Æ More knowledgeable about earthquakes / earthquake drills are carried out regularly Æ Well-trained and fully-equipped sear ...
Problem Set #1
... information: i) Fault plane solutions (strike, dip, and type of fault) for both faults in each double couple. ii) The tectonic setting for the locations you picked, and a line of reasoning as to whether the earthquake focal mechanism solution makes sense given the general tectonic setting. ...
... information: i) Fault plane solutions (strike, dip, and type of fault) for both faults in each double couple. ii) The tectonic setting for the locations you picked, and a line of reasoning as to whether the earthquake focal mechanism solution makes sense given the general tectonic setting. ...
Abstract
... Earthquake disasters in Western Uganda are common resulting fiom destructive earthquakes that have a return period of two to three decades. The destructive mechanism of earthquakes of such magnitudes is vested mainly in the destruction of man made structures. Materials used for construction are cate ...
... Earthquake disasters in Western Uganda are common resulting fiom destructive earthquakes that have a return period of two to three decades. The destructive mechanism of earthquakes of such magnitudes is vested mainly in the destruction of man made structures. Materials used for construction are cate ...
Chapter 10 Earthquakes
... Compression and expansion (slinky example) Secondary (S) wave- rocks move perpendicular to wave direction Rock shearing (rope-like or ‘wave’ in a stadium) ...
... Compression and expansion (slinky example) Secondary (S) wave- rocks move perpendicular to wave direction Rock shearing (rope-like or ‘wave’ in a stadium) ...
Wearing Down Earth`s Surface
... • Remember that tectonic plates move very_______________. Sometimes rocks move along easily with the plates, but they can also jam up against a plate or between two_______________. Over time, stress builds up within the rock at the plates_______________ against each other. ...
... • Remember that tectonic plates move very_______________. Sometimes rocks move along easily with the plates, but they can also jam up against a plate or between two_______________. Over time, stress builds up within the rock at the plates_______________ against each other. ...
The Role of Architectural Considerations in Seismic Performance of
... different level of stiffness in different views may lead to torsion. The root of change in stiffness along the column is architectural consideration. Building on hillside, filling parts of the frames with non-structural but hard material to make long strips of windows, making some of the columns mor ...
... different level of stiffness in different views may lead to torsion. The root of change in stiffness along the column is architectural consideration. Building on hillside, filling parts of the frames with non-structural but hard material to make long strips of windows, making some of the columns mor ...
BUILDINGS & STRUCTURES
... • List the principal components of a staircase • List the types of roof commonly found. ...
... • List the principal components of a staircase • List the types of roof commonly found. ...
IOSR Journal of Mechanical and Civil Engineering (IOSR-JMCE) e-ISSN: 2278-1684,p-ISSN: 2320-334X,
... Abstract: This paper deals with the step-by-step retrofitting of buildings by using steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) with the aid of SAP2000 programme. One type of reinforced concrete building is selected for evaluation. This building represents the most used forms of residential buildings in the Sud ...
... Abstract: This paper deals with the step-by-step retrofitting of buildings by using steel plate shear walls (SPSWs) with the aid of SAP2000 programme. One type of reinforced concrete building is selected for evaluation. This building represents the most used forms of residential buildings in the Sud ...
Vol. 20 No. 3 JANUARY 2017 ISSN:1174-3646 Editorial
... The 2015 Gorkha Earthquakes (M7.8 with M7.3 aftershock) destroyed more than 27,000 classrooms Keywords: schools seismic safety; post-earthquake and damaged more than 26,000 classrooms in Western damage assessment, retrofitting, masonry. and Central Nepal. Several studies in the past had shown the vu ...
... The 2015 Gorkha Earthquakes (M7.8 with M7.3 aftershock) destroyed more than 27,000 classrooms Keywords: schools seismic safety; post-earthquake and damaged more than 26,000 classrooms in Western damage assessment, retrofitting, masonry. and Central Nepal. Several studies in the past had shown the vu ...
View Full Text-PDF
... Adding a new shear wall to resist lateral forces Shear walls provide the most significant part of the earthquake resistance of the building. However, a severely damaged or poorly designed building must be repaired or strengthened by added shear walls in order that the structure's strength for seismi ...
... Adding a new shear wall to resist lateral forces Shear walls provide the most significant part of the earthquake resistance of the building. However, a severely damaged or poorly designed building must be repaired or strengthened by added shear walls in order that the structure's strength for seismi ...
EQ Tip 08:: Draft
... bent back-and-forth. Engineers define the property that allows steel pins to bend back-and-forth by large amounts, as ductility; chalk is a brittle material. Earthquake-resistant buildings, particularly their main elements, need to be built with ductility in them. Such buildings have the ability to ...
... bent back-and-forth. Engineers define the property that allows steel pins to bend back-and-forth by large amounts, as ductility; chalk is a brittle material. Earthquake-resistant buildings, particularly their main elements, need to be built with ductility in them. Such buildings have the ability to ...
Earthquakes as evidence of plate tectonics
... Equake_gtm7 (events greater than magnitude 7… the really big ones) And Equake_lt6 (events less than magnitude 6) Historical_earthquake (large events that have been estimated from historical accounts) ...
... Equake_gtm7 (events greater than magnitude 7… the really big ones) And Equake_lt6 (events less than magnitude 6) Historical_earthquake (large events that have been estimated from historical accounts) ...
Plot Current Earthquake Data
... 2. Copy and paste the last 25 earthquakes that occurred into a word document and then print it. 3. Use the latitude and longitude coordinates to plot a dot on your world map which represents the epicenter of the earthquake. Use a blue star if the earthquake occurred near the surface (less than 100 k ...
... 2. Copy and paste the last 25 earthquakes that occurred into a word document and then print it. 3. Use the latitude and longitude coordinates to plot a dot on your world map which represents the epicenter of the earthquake. Use a blue star if the earthquake occurred near the surface (less than 100 k ...
Document
... General panic; damage considerable in poorly designed structures, well designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations. ...
... General panic; damage considerable in poorly designed structures, well designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations. ...
Geosphere. Test on April 2. Review sheet
... a. How were the Rocky Mountains formed? _______________________________________ b. Rocks made from heat and pressure are ________________________________________ c. Type of Plate Boundary: Sea floor spreading? _______________________ Oceancontinent subduction? ________________ Sliding past each othe ...
... a. How were the Rocky Mountains formed? _______________________________________ b. Rocks made from heat and pressure are ________________________________________ c. Type of Plate Boundary: Sea floor spreading? _______________________ Oceancontinent subduction? ________________ Sliding past each othe ...
Presentation title slide - 42 pt Times New Roman, White
... Developed in coordination with the San Francisco CAPPS Project. Targets “Marina District” and Northridge style soft story multi-unit wood frame residential structures. Retrofit is limited to soft story only. Provides a calculation tool to take into account strength of all walls present in th ...
... Developed in coordination with the San Francisco CAPPS Project. Targets “Marina District” and Northridge style soft story multi-unit wood frame residential structures. Retrofit is limited to soft story only. Provides a calculation tool to take into account strength of all walls present in th ...
Earthquake Seismic Waves PowerPoint
... Properties of Body Waves P-Wave Properties (Primary Waves) : Compressional Waves- motion of particles is parallel to the direction of wave motion Push-pull waves Passes through solids, liquids and gases. Arrive phirst because they have the greatest velocity ...
... Properties of Body Waves P-Wave Properties (Primary Waves) : Compressional Waves- motion of particles is parallel to the direction of wave motion Push-pull waves Passes through solids, liquids and gases. Arrive phirst because they have the greatest velocity ...
Seismic retrofit
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ExteiorShearTruss.jpg?width=300)
Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with our recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofitting is well acknowledged. Prior to the introduction of modern seismic codes in the late 1960s for developed countries (US, Japan etc.) and late 1970s for many other parts of the world (Turkey, China etc.), many structures were designed without adequate detailing and reinforcement for seismic protection. In view of the imminent problem, various research work has been carried out. State-of-the-art technical guidelines for seismic assessment, retrofit and rehabilitation have been published around the world - such as the ASCE-SEI 41 and the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering (NZSEE)'s guidelines. These codes must be regularly updated; the 1994 Northridge earthquake brought to light the brittleness of welded steel frames, for example.The retrofit techniques outlined here are also applicable for other natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, tornadoes, and severe winds from thunderstorms. Whilst current practice of seismic retrofitting is predominantly concerned with structural improvements to reduce the seismic hazard of using the structures, it is similarly essential to reduce the hazards and losses from non-structural elements. It is also important to keep in mind that there is no such thing as an earthquake-proof structure, although seismic performance can be greatly enhanced through proper initial design or subsequent modifications.