Seismology: Remote-controlled earthquakes
... earthquake catalogues as single events — and show that both involved multiple episodes of slip, on independent faults, separated by a small distance and short amount of time. In modern seismic hazard assessments, such as the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast 3, potential earthquakes are ...
... earthquake catalogues as single events — and show that both involved multiple episodes of slip, on independent faults, separated by a small distance and short amount of time. In modern seismic hazard assessments, such as the Uniform California Earthquake Rupture Forecast 3, potential earthquakes are ...
Steel reinforced timber structures for multi storey buildings
... bearing capacity under horizontal strain (i.e. through wind or earthquakes). The material combination with ...
... bearing capacity under horizontal strain (i.e. through wind or earthquakes). The material combination with ...
Earthquakes: Chapter 19
... Vibrations of the ground during an earthquake are called seismic waves. 3 Types of Seismic Waves: ...
... Vibrations of the ground during an earthquake are called seismic waves. 3 Types of Seismic Waves: ...
Chapter 4
... • The risk that an earthquake will occur close to where you live depends on whether or not tectonic activity that causes deformation is occurring within the crust of that area. • For the U.S., the risk is greatest in the most tectonically active area, near the plate margin in the Western U.S. • The ...
... • The risk that an earthquake will occur close to where you live depends on whether or not tectonic activity that causes deformation is occurring within the crust of that area. • For the U.S., the risk is greatest in the most tectonically active area, near the plate margin in the Western U.S. • The ...
Seismic Analysis and Retrofit Design of a Historic
... The original Building was constructed in 1927 with major structural additions made in 1943. It is a three-story reinforced concrete structure with a square footage of approximately 13,000 ft2. The utility company imposed following design constraints: the Building must remain functional in the event ...
... The original Building was constructed in 1927 with major structural additions made in 1943. It is a three-story reinforced concrete structure with a square footage of approximately 13,000 ft2. The utility company imposed following design constraints: the Building must remain functional in the event ...
... irregularity and torsional response due to plan and vertical irregularity and to analyze cross shape and L shape building while earthquake forces acts and to calculate additional shear due to torsion in the columns. This study was initiated to quantify the effect of different degrees of irregularity ...
Lecture 5: Earthquakes I. What are earthquakes? II. The elastic
... II. The elastic rebound theory III. Seismology: The Study of Earthquakes A. Seismographs B. How do seismographs work? IV. Seismic waves A. Definition B. Modes of vibration 1. Surface waves 2. Body waves 3. Types of body waves a. Primary or P waves ...
... II. The elastic rebound theory III. Seismology: The Study of Earthquakes A. Seismographs B. How do seismographs work? IV. Seismic waves A. Definition B. Modes of vibration 1. Surface waves 2. Body waves 3. Types of body waves a. Primary or P waves ...
83 BUILDING CONFIGURATION: THE ARCHITECTURE OF
... not for alarm but for understanding. Conceptual recognition of problems caused by configuration predates by many decades today's analytical study. Much of the information is empirical: early observers noted the behaviour in earthquakes of buildings of certain types of materials, construction and con ...
... not for alarm but for understanding. Conceptual recognition of problems caused by configuration predates by many decades today's analytical study. Much of the information is empirical: early observers noted the behaviour in earthquakes of buildings of certain types of materials, construction and con ...
Magnitude 4.1 Bristol Channel, UK Thursday, 20 February, 2014 at
... General panic; damage considerable in poorly designed structures, well designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations. ...
... General panic; damage considerable in poorly designed structures, well designed frame structures thrown out of plumb. Damage great in substantial buildings, with partial collapse. Buildings shifted off foundations. ...
SEISMIC ISOLATION RETROFIT IN JAPAN
... disqualified existing buildings over a certain scale are encouraged to do the seismic diagnosis and repair. There are several conventional methods of strengthening existing buildings; addition of reinforced concrete shear walls or steel bracing, thickening existing walls, shear reinforcement of colu ...
... disqualified existing buildings over a certain scale are encouraged to do the seismic diagnosis and repair. There are several conventional methods of strengthening existing buildings; addition of reinforced concrete shear walls or steel bracing, thickening existing walls, shear reinforcement of colu ...
Introduction to Lateral Force Resisting Systems
... Used primarily to achieve some architectural purpose. Floor are hung from a truss on an upper level Tension members can be smaller than columns would be in same place. Accumulated lengthening of tension members may cause extreme deflection problems at lowest hung floor. This can be controlled by ...
... Used primarily to achieve some architectural purpose. Floor are hung from a truss on an upper level Tension members can be smaller than columns would be in same place. Accumulated lengthening of tension members may cause extreme deflection problems at lowest hung floor. This can be controlled by ...
Earthquakes
... Friction between moving plates works against convection currents, producing stress ...
... Friction between moving plates works against convection currents, producing stress ...
Handbook for Seismic Rehabilitation of Existing Buildings
... A discontinuity in the load path, or inadequate strength in the load path, may be considered overarching because this deficiency will prevent the positive attributes of the seismic system from being effective. The load path is typically considered to extend from each mass in the building to the supp ...
... A discontinuity in the load path, or inadequate strength in the load path, may be considered overarching because this deficiency will prevent the positive attributes of the seismic system from being effective. The load path is typically considered to extend from each mass in the building to the supp ...
Seismic retrofit
Seismic retrofitting is the modification of existing structures to make them more resistant to seismic activity, ground motion, or soil failure due to earthquakes. With better understanding of seismic demand on structures and with our recent experiences with large earthquakes near urban centers, the need of seismic retrofitting is well acknowledged. Prior to the introduction of modern seismic codes in the late 1960s for developed countries (US, Japan etc.) and late 1970s for many other parts of the world (Turkey, China etc.), many structures were designed without adequate detailing and reinforcement for seismic protection. In view of the imminent problem, various research work has been carried out. State-of-the-art technical guidelines for seismic assessment, retrofit and rehabilitation have been published around the world - such as the ASCE-SEI 41 and the New Zealand Society for Earthquake Engineering (NZSEE)'s guidelines. These codes must be regularly updated; the 1994 Northridge earthquake brought to light the brittleness of welded steel frames, for example.The retrofit techniques outlined here are also applicable for other natural hazards such as tropical cyclones, tornadoes, and severe winds from thunderstorms. Whilst current practice of seismic retrofitting is predominantly concerned with structural improvements to reduce the seismic hazard of using the structures, it is similarly essential to reduce the hazards and losses from non-structural elements. It is also important to keep in mind that there is no such thing as an earthquake-proof structure, although seismic performance can be greatly enhanced through proper initial design or subsequent modifications.