The importance of alternative splicing in the drug discovery process
... unique 5′ splice site of the long variant induces a shift of splicing from Bcl-xL to Bcl-xS.This results Array RASL technology [20] and the in a significant apoptosis phenotype in PC-3 prostate cancer cells (adapted from [24]). splicing-specific microarrays used by Clark et al. [21], detect splice v ...
... unique 5′ splice site of the long variant induces a shift of splicing from Bcl-xL to Bcl-xS.This results Array RASL technology [20] and the in a significant apoptosis phenotype in PC-3 prostate cancer cells (adapted from [24]). splicing-specific microarrays used by Clark et al. [21], detect splice v ...
A whole-genome assembly of the domestic cow, Bos taurus
... Another indicator of assembly completeness, and also of its potential for annotation, is the extent to which known gene sequences can be mapped onto it. We aligned 8,689 independently validated full-length cow mRNA sequences to the two assemblies, using spliced alignment mapping tools (see Materials ...
... Another indicator of assembly completeness, and also of its potential for annotation, is the extent to which known gene sequences can be mapped onto it. We aligned 8,689 independently validated full-length cow mRNA sequences to the two assemblies, using spliced alignment mapping tools (see Materials ...
Genes Critical for Muscle Development and Function in
... time-lapse video recordings were made using a Toshiba KV-6110A VCR adjnsted to an 18:1 time compression. ...
... time-lapse video recordings were made using a Toshiba KV-6110A VCR adjnsted to an 18:1 time compression. ...
Commentaries on Viewpoint: Epigenetic regulation of the ACE gene
... whether epigenetic regulation of the ACE gene is specifically involved in modifying human endurance. However, we believe that establishing the epigenetic status of the ACE gene in participants involved in endurance is not trivial. As stated by Raleigh, tissue-specific methylation of the ACE gene wou ...
... whether epigenetic regulation of the ACE gene is specifically involved in modifying human endurance. However, we believe that establishing the epigenetic status of the ACE gene in participants involved in endurance is not trivial. As stated by Raleigh, tissue-specific methylation of the ACE gene wou ...
Chromosome-encoded gene cluster for the
... Quanfeng Liang,1 Masahiro Takeo,2 Ming Chen,1 Wei Zhang,1 Yuquan Xu1 and Min Lin1 ...
... Quanfeng Liang,1 Masahiro Takeo,2 Ming Chen,1 Wei Zhang,1 Yuquan Xu1 and Min Lin1 ...
Elke Winterhager (Ed.) Gap Junctions in Development
... be mediated via protein–protein interactions at the C-terminus of the connexin. Thus, there is a need to discriminate between channel and protein function. Impairment of development and diseases need not be based on connexin mutations, but rather on wrong signaling mediated via protein– protein inte ...
... be mediated via protein–protein interactions at the C-terminus of the connexin. Thus, there is a need to discriminate between channel and protein function. Impairment of development and diseases need not be based on connexin mutations, but rather on wrong signaling mediated via protein– protein inte ...
Iron Deposition and Progression of Disease in Chronic Hepatitis C
... Because of the high estimated carrier frequency of mutations for HH22 and the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) markers in patients with clinically overt HH,23-25 the association between iron deposition and HFE mutations has been examined in patients with chronic viral ...
... Because of the high estimated carrier frequency of mutations for HH22 and the high prevalence of hepatitis B virus and hepatitis C virus (HCV) markers in patients with clinically overt HH,23-25 the association between iron deposition and HFE mutations has been examined in patients with chronic viral ...
Glutathione S-transferase copy number variation alters lung gene expression M.W. Butler*
... Labeling Kit, followed by additional clean-up and quantification of the biotin-labelled copy (c)RNA yield using a spectrophotometer (all reagents from Affymetrix). In accordance with Affymetrix protocols, the test microarrays were first hybridised and, if quality control was acceptable, hybridisatio ...
... Labeling Kit, followed by additional clean-up and quantification of the biotin-labelled copy (c)RNA yield using a spectrophotometer (all reagents from Affymetrix). In accordance with Affymetrix protocols, the test microarrays were first hybridised and, if quality control was acceptable, hybridisatio ...
Molecular mechanisms underlying female sex determination
... 11.5 dpc in mice, however, the significant expression of ovarian markers is observed at 12.5 dpc when other factors, such as FOXL2, may contribute to female sex determination (VAINIO et al. 1999; PARMA et al. 2006; OTTOLEGHI et al. 2007). Initial data indicated that the genetic control of ovarian di ...
... 11.5 dpc in mice, however, the significant expression of ovarian markers is observed at 12.5 dpc when other factors, such as FOXL2, may contribute to female sex determination (VAINIO et al. 1999; PARMA et al. 2006; OTTOLEGHI et al. 2007). Initial data indicated that the genetic control of ovarian di ...
Interactions of Mitochondrial and Nuclear Genes
... chloroplast DNA and mtDNA and to obtain recombinant mitochondrial genomes (reviewed by Hanson, 1984). Analysis of somatic hybrids between CMS and fertile protoplast parents has shown that fertility does not segregate with the chloroplast DNA. In Petunia and Brassica, lines that contain recombinant m ...
... chloroplast DNA and mtDNA and to obtain recombinant mitochondrial genomes (reviewed by Hanson, 1984). Analysis of somatic hybrids between CMS and fertile protoplast parents has shown that fertility does not segregate with the chloroplast DNA. In Petunia and Brassica, lines that contain recombinant m ...
Understanding the basis of auriculocondylar syndrome: Insights
... in which endothelin 1 (EDN1)‐endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) signaling is disrupted. This information was recently used to identify the genetic basis for the majority of ACS cases. These findings illustrate the conservation and significance of endothelin signaling in ...
... in which endothelin 1 (EDN1)‐endothelin receptor type A (EDNRA) signaling is disrupted. This information was recently used to identify the genetic basis for the majority of ACS cases. These findings illustrate the conservation and significance of endothelin signaling in ...
Comparison of Statistical Models for Affymetrix GeneChip
... Model-based estimators are superior to simple averaging Full model superior to reduced this does not necessarily mean that the mismatch probes are a good idea - but if they are present we should use them we have demonstrated this using both analytic considerations and experimental data a carefully d ...
... Model-based estimators are superior to simple averaging Full model superior to reduced this does not necessarily mean that the mismatch probes are a good idea - but if they are present we should use them we have demonstrated this using both analytic considerations and experimental data a carefully d ...
The evolution of genomic imprinting and X
... monoallelic or imprinted expression as a part of a dosage compensation system, then retained it even after further genome rearrangements deposited it upon an autosome. ...
... monoallelic or imprinted expression as a part of a dosage compensation system, then retained it even after further genome rearrangements deposited it upon an autosome. ...
Evolutionary Origin and Adaptive Function of Meiosis
... 6. DNA damage is a basic problem for life A DNA damage is an alteration in the molecular structure of DNA, such as a break in one or both DNA strands, a missing base, or an oxidized base (e.g. 8-OHdG). Damage to DNA often results from natural processes. As noted by Haynes (1988), DNA is comprised of ...
... 6. DNA damage is a basic problem for life A DNA damage is an alteration in the molecular structure of DNA, such as a break in one or both DNA strands, a missing base, or an oxidized base (e.g. 8-OHdG). Damage to DNA often results from natural processes. As noted by Haynes (1988), DNA is comprised of ...
DNMT3A mutations occur early or late in patients with
... have completed a regular peer review and have been accepted for publication. E-publishing of this PDF file has been approved by the authors. After having E-published Ahead of Print, manuscripts will then undergo technical and English editing, typesetting, proof correction and be presented for the au ...
... have completed a regular peer review and have been accepted for publication. E-publishing of this PDF file has been approved by the authors. After having E-published Ahead of Print, manuscripts will then undergo technical and English editing, typesetting, proof correction and be presented for the au ...
Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP)
... If we think of a gene as a long word carrying a message, then the FAP gene has nearly 9000 letters in it. In different families it is a different letter or group of letters which have been wrongly copied which causes the gene not to work. The genetics team will try to work this out for each family, ...
... If we think of a gene as a long word carrying a message, then the FAP gene has nearly 9000 letters in it. In different families it is a different letter or group of letters which have been wrongly copied which causes the gene not to work. The genetics team will try to work this out for each family, ...
Phox2b and Midkine/Alk signaling in the control of sympathetic
... Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood and arises from cells of the developing sympathoadrenal lineage. Mutations in PHOX2B and ALK genes have been observed in familial and sporadic forms of NB and represent the first defined genetic predisposition for neuroblast ...
... Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extracranial solid tumor in childhood and arises from cells of the developing sympathoadrenal lineage. Mutations in PHOX2B and ALK genes have been observed in familial and sporadic forms of NB and represent the first defined genetic predisposition for neuroblast ...
study
... dimorphic traits mainly result from differential expression of genes present in both sexes. Such genes can be subject to different, and even opposing, selection constraints in the two sexes. This can impact human evolution by differential selection on mutations with dissimilar effects on the two sex ...
... dimorphic traits mainly result from differential expression of genes present in both sexes. Such genes can be subject to different, and even opposing, selection constraints in the two sexes. This can impact human evolution by differential selection on mutations with dissimilar effects on the two sex ...
introduction
... cytochrome oxidases typical of the mitochondrial genome (Feagin, 1992). Additionally, the 6kb linear genome encoded bacterial-type rRNAs which were different from those encoded by the 35kb circle (Feagin et aI., 1997). Sequence analysis revealed that the 35kb element was similar to chloroplast genom ...
... cytochrome oxidases typical of the mitochondrial genome (Feagin, 1992). Additionally, the 6kb linear genome encoded bacterial-type rRNAs which were different from those encoded by the 35kb circle (Feagin et aI., 1997). Sequence analysis revealed that the 35kb element was similar to chloroplast genom ...
Case Report Novel Sonic Hedgehog Mutation in a Couple
... for TGA), which suggests that mutations in this adjacent residues are associated with an important phenotypic clinical variability. The etiology of the wide phenotypic spectrum is not yet understood, and it has been proposed that other genes or environmental influences may contribute as gene modifie ...
... for TGA), which suggests that mutations in this adjacent residues are associated with an important phenotypic clinical variability. The etiology of the wide phenotypic spectrum is not yet understood, and it has been proposed that other genes or environmental influences may contribute as gene modifie ...
Functional and ecological impacts of horizontal gene transfer in
... environments is well known. This is exemplified by the high level of HGT observed in the genome of the thermoacidophile Thermotoga, which has acquired genes relating to its environment and metabolism from archaebacteria inhabiting similar environments [30,31]. The possible role of HGT in adapting to ...
... environments is well known. This is exemplified by the high level of HGT observed in the genome of the thermoacidophile Thermotoga, which has acquired genes relating to its environment and metabolism from archaebacteria inhabiting similar environments [30,31]. The possible role of HGT in adapting to ...
Oncogenomics
Oncogenomics is a relatively new sub-field of genomics that applies high throughput technologies to characterize genes associated with cancer. Oncogenomics is synonymous with ""cancer genomics"". Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of mutations to DNA leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation. The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers, and new targets for cancer therapies. The success of targeted cancer therapies such as Gleevec, Herceptin, and Avastin raised the hope for oncogenomics to elucidate new targets for cancer treatment.Besides understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms that initiates or drives cancer progression, one of the main goals of oncogenomics is to allow for the development of personalized cancer treatment. Cancer develops due to an accumulation of mutations in DNA. These mutations accumulate randomly, and thus, different DNA mutations and mutation combinations exist between different individuals with the same type of cancer. Thus, identifying and targeting specific mutations which have occurred in an individual patient may lead to increased efficacy of cancer therapy.The completion of the Human Genome Project has greatly facilitated the field of oncogenomics and has increased the abilities of researchers to find cancer causing genes. In addition, the sequencing technologies now available for sequence generation and data analysis have been applied to the study of oncogenomics. With the amount of research conducted on cancer genomes and the accumulation of databases documenting the mutational changes, it has been predicted that the most important cancer-causing mutations, rearrangements, and altered expression levels will be cataloged and well characterized within the next decade.Cancer research may look either on the genomic level at DNA mutations, the epigenetic level at methylation or histone modification changes, the transcription level at altered levels of gene expression, or the protein level at altered levels of protein abundance and function in cancer cells. Oncogenomics focuses on the genomic, epigenomic, and transcript level alterations in cancer.