Specialized adaptation of a lactic acid bacterium to the milk
... Interestingly, long before even the notion of a genome had even been conceived, S. thermophilus was reportedly known “more by the things which it cannot do than by its positive actions" [19]. Numerous studies have led to the realization that this view is no longer accurate and that S. thermophilus ...
... Interestingly, long before even the notion of a genome had even been conceived, S. thermophilus was reportedly known “more by the things which it cannot do than by its positive actions" [19]. Numerous studies have led to the realization that this view is no longer accurate and that S. thermophilus ...
Three epigenetic information channels and their different roles in
... First, we illustrate the evolution of selection-based effects. Consider a population consisting of two equally large subpopulations in environments E1 and E2, connected by a low rate of migration d (i.e. the probability an individual permanently moves between the two subpopulations before reproducin ...
... First, we illustrate the evolution of selection-based effects. Consider a population consisting of two equally large subpopulations in environments E1 and E2, connected by a low rate of migration d (i.e. the probability an individual permanently moves between the two subpopulations before reproducin ...
Homeotic genes controlling flower development in Antirrhinum
... Arabidopsis (Bowman et al. 1989; Haughn and Sommerville, 1988; see also Meyerowitz et al. this volume), suggesting that the mechanisms controlling whorl identity have been highly conserved in evolution. It remains to be directly demonstrated, however, that these similarities reflect the action of ho ...
... Arabidopsis (Bowman et al. 1989; Haughn and Sommerville, 1988; see also Meyerowitz et al. this volume), suggesting that the mechanisms controlling whorl identity have been highly conserved in evolution. It remains to be directly demonstrated, however, that these similarities reflect the action of ho ...
Human mitochondrial transfer RNAs: Role of pathogenic
... single-fiber polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and (5) cause defects of mitochondrial protein synthesis and respiratory chain deficiencies in single or multiple affected tissues of patients and demonstrable in cybrid cell lines. Cybrid cell lines are generated by transferring mitochondria isolated from ...
... single-fiber polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and (5) cause defects of mitochondrial protein synthesis and respiratory chain deficiencies in single or multiple affected tissues of patients and demonstrable in cybrid cell lines. Cybrid cell lines are generated by transferring mitochondria isolated from ...
Two enhancer regions in the mouse En-2 locus
... K. Millen and A. L. J. unpublished data). Outside the cerebellum, expression has also been detected in specific groups of neurons in the pons region. For En-1, RNA in situ analysis has shown that it is expressed in the anterior neural epithelium slightly earlier than En-2, at the 1-somite stage, in ...
... K. Millen and A. L. J. unpublished data). Outside the cerebellum, expression has also been detected in specific groups of neurons in the pons region. For En-1, RNA in situ analysis has shown that it is expressed in the anterior neural epithelium slightly earlier than En-2, at the 1-somite stage, in ...
"Frontmatter". In: Plant Genomics and Proteomics
... comparable processes of pattern formation and the underlying genes appear to be similar, the actual mechanisms of getting to the end points of development are different. Once again, this reinforces the need to look specifically at the plant processes in order to understand how plants function. One o ...
... comparable processes of pattern formation and the underlying genes appear to be similar, the actual mechanisms of getting to the end points of development are different. Once again, this reinforces the need to look specifically at the plant processes in order to understand how plants function. One o ...
p53 in Hematologic Malignancies
... to 1 0 % frequency of childhood ALL, with the leukemic cells normal human activated T lymphocytes and CD34' hematohaving a homozygous p53 mutations. poietic stem cells.*' The wt-p53 is an allosteric protein that Most of the p53 mutations in these hematopoietic maligcan exist potentially in two confo ...
... to 1 0 % frequency of childhood ALL, with the leukemic cells normal human activated T lymphocytes and CD34' hematohaving a homozygous p53 mutations. poietic stem cells.*' The wt-p53 is an allosteric protein that Most of the p53 mutations in these hematopoietic maligcan exist potentially in two confo ...
MGF 110-13L/14L overlap
... sequence, the gene is given a MGF 360-6L ortholog assignment. Due to the small carboxy terminus fragment, the gene was labelled on the connecting deletion box. The amino terminus of this fusion is not shown since it is outside of the scope of this diagram. ...
... sequence, the gene is given a MGF 360-6L ortholog assignment. Due to the small carboxy terminus fragment, the gene was labelled on the connecting deletion box. The amino terminus of this fusion is not shown since it is outside of the scope of this diagram. ...
Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia and Organic Anion Transporting
... and 14 exons, whereas genes encoding other OATPs are located in chromosomes 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, and 20. The human OATP2 (also known as human liver-specific organic anion transporter or OATP-C or OATP1B1; the symbol of gen: SLC21A6) showed uptake of monoglucuronosyl bilirubin, bisglucuronosyl bilirubin, ...
... and 14 exons, whereas genes encoding other OATPs are located in chromosomes 3, 5, 8, 11, 15, and 20. The human OATP2 (also known as human liver-specific organic anion transporter or OATP-C or OATP1B1; the symbol of gen: SLC21A6) showed uptake of monoglucuronosyl bilirubin, bisglucuronosyl bilirubin, ...
Biological interpretation of genome-wide association studies using
... and prioritizes genes that share predicted functions with genes from the other associated loci more often than expected by chance. In addition, DEPICT utilizes a set of 37,427 human microarrays to identify tissue/cell types in which genes from associated loci are highly expressed. DEPICT uses precom ...
... and prioritizes genes that share predicted functions with genes from the other associated loci more often than expected by chance. In addition, DEPICT utilizes a set of 37,427 human microarrays to identify tissue/cell types in which genes from associated loci are highly expressed. DEPICT uses precom ...
Inheriting two copies of mutated genes that are
... survival. The dominant lethal inheritance pattern is one in which an allele is lethal both in the homozygote and the heterozygote; this allele can only be transmitted if the lethality phenotype occurs after reproductive age. Individuals with mutations that result in dominant lethal alleles fail to s ...
... survival. The dominant lethal inheritance pattern is one in which an allele is lethal both in the homozygote and the heterozygote; this allele can only be transmitted if the lethality phenotype occurs after reproductive age. Individuals with mutations that result in dominant lethal alleles fail to s ...
Positive and Negative Selection on the Human Genome
... noncoding SNPs appear neutral in that their distribution is similar to that of synonymous variation. This suggests that amino acid and noncoding mutations differ in their distribution of selection coefficients (Sunyaev et al. 2000). The difference in the per site ratio of amino acid to synonymous SN ...
... noncoding SNPs appear neutral in that their distribution is similar to that of synonymous variation. This suggests that amino acid and noncoding mutations differ in their distribution of selection coefficients (Sunyaev et al. 2000). The difference in the per site ratio of amino acid to synonymous SN ...
genes code for ion channels, but 2 channelopathies (MASS1
... COMMENT. In this selected population that included infants in intensive care, a higher incidence of epilepsy than that seen in population-based studies could be expected. Multiple risk factors for neonatal seizures, and especially bacterial meningitis, are associated with a higher probability of dev ...
... COMMENT. In this selected population that included infants in intensive care, a higher incidence of epilepsy than that seen in population-based studies could be expected. Multiple risk factors for neonatal seizures, and especially bacterial meningitis, are associated with a higher probability of dev ...
new york state medicaid program laboratory procedure
... comprehensive program of genetic counseling and where indicated by familial medical history or adjunctive prenatal testing OR (2) an individual study by diagnostic deletion analysis of a patient affected by a genetic disorder. DNA based testing defined under State licensure as investigational for a ...
... comprehensive program of genetic counseling and where indicated by familial medical history or adjunctive prenatal testing OR (2) an individual study by diagnostic deletion analysis of a patient affected by a genetic disorder. DNA based testing defined under State licensure as investigational for a ...
Case study # 39 Keith Fehring, BA 2009 Andre Jakoi, BS 2008
... of patients with the disease will live a normal life span. Patients diagnosed with achondroplasia will usually have a normal intelligence level. However, they will rarely ever reach 5 feet in height. Severity of the disease is usually determined by whether the patient is homozygous of heterozygo ...
... of patients with the disease will live a normal life span. Patients diagnosed with achondroplasia will usually have a normal intelligence level. However, they will rarely ever reach 5 feet in height. Severity of the disease is usually determined by whether the patient is homozygous of heterozygo ...
Application of the new manP counter-selection system for B. subtilis
... subtilis, iii) encodes an antibiotic resistance gene for selection in B. subtilis and iiii) ...
... subtilis, iii) encodes an antibiotic resistance gene for selection in B. subtilis and iiii) ...
Hodgkin 1980
... animals are male. A procedure for isolating 2A;XO animals that are transformed into hermaphrodites has been developed. Nine mutations causing this transformation have been obtained: eight are recessive, and all of these fall into a new autosomal complementation group, her4 V. The remaining mutation ...
... animals are male. A procedure for isolating 2A;XO animals that are transformed into hermaphrodites has been developed. Nine mutations causing this transformation have been obtained: eight are recessive, and all of these fall into a new autosomal complementation group, her4 V. The remaining mutation ...
Gene Section ALDOB (aldolase B, fructose-bisphosphate) Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics
... Many types of mutation in human ALDOB gene were reported, including missense mutations, nonsense mutations, deletions, insertions and mutation at the splicing regions (list in the diagram above). The mutations bring about reduced enzyme activity and affect structural stability. Mutants that retained ...
... Many types of mutation in human ALDOB gene were reported, including missense mutations, nonsense mutations, deletions, insertions and mutation at the splicing regions (list in the diagram above). The mutations bring about reduced enzyme activity and affect structural stability. Mutants that retained ...
The ara Operon - University of Pennsylvania
... Further, this dimer can exist in two different states: active (P1) and inactive (P2). When arabinose is absent, AraC dimer is in the P1 state but when arabinose is present, it can react with AraC and change its conformation to P2 that then can bind to the araI location of the DNA. araI is located be ...
... Further, this dimer can exist in two different states: active (P1) and inactive (P2). When arabinose is absent, AraC dimer is in the P1 state but when arabinose is present, it can react with AraC and change its conformation to P2 that then can bind to the araI location of the DNA. araI is located be ...
Simple identification of dominant p53 mutants by
... transactivate its target genes. While this abortive activation/ impaired degradation model provides a satisfactory explanation for the high level p53 expression seen in tumours (5,6), it does not rule out the possibility that a selective growth advantage may be conferred by mutated p53 proteins, eit ...
... transactivate its target genes. While this abortive activation/ impaired degradation model provides a satisfactory explanation for the high level p53 expression seen in tumours (5,6), it does not rule out the possibility that a selective growth advantage may be conferred by mutated p53 proteins, eit ...
RecA maintains the integrity of chloroplast DNA molecules in
... Eukaryotic homologues of RecA (RAD51) and organelletargeted prokaryotic RecA homologues are encoded by the nuclear genomes of many organisms, including plants (Lin et al., 2006). Repair and recombination of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is suppressed when a dominant-negative v ...
... Eukaryotic homologues of RecA (RAD51) and organelletargeted prokaryotic RecA homologues are encoded by the nuclear genomes of many organisms, including plants (Lin et al., 2006). Repair and recombination of chloroplast DNA (cpDNA) in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii is suppressed when a dominant-negative v ...
Unit 4, Lesson 10 Chromosomes and Genetics
... change in the structure of the chromosome is a genetic mutation. There are three ways chromosomes are generally mutated. All result in the organism to lose the ability to function normally. An example of a mutation in humans would be cancer. Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells. The first type ...
... change in the structure of the chromosome is a genetic mutation. There are three ways chromosomes are generally mutated. All result in the organism to lose the ability to function normally. An example of a mutation in humans would be cancer. Cancer is the uncontrolled growth of cells. The first type ...
Clustering of mandibular organ-inhibiting hormone and moult
... directly or following sub-cloning into Bluescript vector) by using M13 forward and reverse primers, together with gene-specific primers. In addition, the sequence of continuous regions of 8.5 kb from a representative group 1 clone (l1) and 4.3 kb from a representative group 4 clone (l12) were determ ...
... directly or following sub-cloning into Bluescript vector) by using M13 forward and reverse primers, together with gene-specific primers. In addition, the sequence of continuous regions of 8.5 kb from a representative group 1 clone (l1) and 4.3 kb from a representative group 4 clone (l12) were determ ...
Oncogenomics
Oncogenomics is a relatively new sub-field of genomics that applies high throughput technologies to characterize genes associated with cancer. Oncogenomics is synonymous with ""cancer genomics"". Cancer is a genetic disease caused by accumulation of mutations to DNA leading to unrestrained cell proliferation and neoplasm formation. The goal of oncogenomics is to identify new oncogenes or tumor suppressor genes that may provide new insights into cancer diagnosis, predicting clinical outcome of cancers, and new targets for cancer therapies. The success of targeted cancer therapies such as Gleevec, Herceptin, and Avastin raised the hope for oncogenomics to elucidate new targets for cancer treatment.Besides understanding the underlying genetic mechanisms that initiates or drives cancer progression, one of the main goals of oncogenomics is to allow for the development of personalized cancer treatment. Cancer develops due to an accumulation of mutations in DNA. These mutations accumulate randomly, and thus, different DNA mutations and mutation combinations exist between different individuals with the same type of cancer. Thus, identifying and targeting specific mutations which have occurred in an individual patient may lead to increased efficacy of cancer therapy.The completion of the Human Genome Project has greatly facilitated the field of oncogenomics and has increased the abilities of researchers to find cancer causing genes. In addition, the sequencing technologies now available for sequence generation and data analysis have been applied to the study of oncogenomics. With the amount of research conducted on cancer genomes and the accumulation of databases documenting the mutational changes, it has been predicted that the most important cancer-causing mutations, rearrangements, and altered expression levels will be cataloged and well characterized within the next decade.Cancer research may look either on the genomic level at DNA mutations, the epigenetic level at methylation or histone modification changes, the transcription level at altered levels of gene expression, or the protein level at altered levels of protein abundance and function in cancer cells. Oncogenomics focuses on the genomic, epigenomic, and transcript level alterations in cancer.