full text - TReAD Lab
... The fifth Motivational Neuronal Networks meeting took place on April 24–27th in Wrightsville Beach, NC. As with the four previous meetings, this event brought together scientists who study the neural circuits that govern motivated behavior, including experts in anatomy, pharmacology, neurophysiology ...
... The fifth Motivational Neuronal Networks meeting took place on April 24–27th in Wrightsville Beach, NC. As with the four previous meetings, this event brought together scientists who study the neural circuits that govern motivated behavior, including experts in anatomy, pharmacology, neurophysiology ...
The GABAergic system in schizophrenia
... significantly lower GAD activity in the sensory association, calcarine fissure and insular cortex in the schizophrenic group compared with controls but not in many other cortical and subcortical regions (McGeer and McGeer, 1977). The second divergent study found significantly lower GAD activity in p ...
... significantly lower GAD activity in the sensory association, calcarine fissure and insular cortex in the schizophrenic group compared with controls but not in many other cortical and subcortical regions (McGeer and McGeer, 1977). The second divergent study found significantly lower GAD activity in p ...
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity
... The cortical response to a vibrotactile stimulus has been studied extensively in neurotypical subjects and localizes well to early somatosensory cortex (Jamali and Ross, 2012). It consists of phase locking at the stimulus frequency, along with additional components of the response that manifest as p ...
... The cortical response to a vibrotactile stimulus has been studied extensively in neurotypical subjects and localizes well to early somatosensory cortex (Jamali and Ross, 2012). It consists of phase locking at the stimulus frequency, along with additional components of the response that manifest as p ...
Chapter 1
... • The most extensive research on the brain’s hemispheres had focused on language. • At birth, the hemispheres have already started to specialize, with newborns showing greater electrical brain activity in the left hemisphere than the right hemisphere when listening to speech. ...
... • The most extensive research on the brain’s hemispheres had focused on language. • At birth, the hemispheres have already started to specialize, with newborns showing greater electrical brain activity in the left hemisphere than the right hemisphere when listening to speech. ...
Through the looking glass: counter
... magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure neural responses to observed hand and foot actions following one of two types of training. During training, participants in the Compatible (control) group made mirror responses to observed actions (hand responses were made to hand stimuli and foot respo ...
... magnetic resonance imaging was used to measure neural responses to observed hand and foot actions following one of two types of training. During training, participants in the Compatible (control) group made mirror responses to observed actions (hand responses were made to hand stimuli and foot respo ...
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in
... whereas no areas were more strongly activated during negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negativ ...
... whereas no areas were more strongly activated during negative feedback than during positive (e.g., [9-11]). On the other hand, Aron et al. [1] reported stronger midbrain activation during negative feedback than during positive, whereas positive feedback did not yield stronger activation than negativ ...
Idiom comprehension deficits in relation to corpus
... information for discourse comprehension, while propositional information is only processed in the left hemisphere (Long & Baynes, 2002). Neural evidence also suggests interhemispheric integration. In normal individuals, one study has shown that comprehension of literal sentences activates the pariet ...
... information for discourse comprehension, while propositional information is only processed in the left hemisphere (Long & Baynes, 2002). Neural evidence also suggests interhemispheric integration. In normal individuals, one study has shown that comprehension of literal sentences activates the pariet ...
White matter tract alterations in fragile X
... body and postsynaptic regions, the observed dysmorphology of dendrites and synapses in fragile X syndrome could also potentially affect the development, wiring, and targeting of axons that link affected brain regions. This, in turn, could influence white matter density and coherence between these ar ...
... body and postsynaptic regions, the observed dysmorphology of dendrites and synapses in fragile X syndrome could also potentially affect the development, wiring, and targeting of axons that link affected brain regions. This, in turn, could influence white matter density and coherence between these ar ...
Neuronal-Derived Nitric Oxide and Somatodendritically Released
... Vascular smooth muscle cell calcium imaging. SON slices were incubated with the calcium indicator Fluo-4AM (Invitrogen, F-14201, 40 !M) and 2.5 !l 20% pluronic acid (Invitrogen, P3000MP) in a 95% O2/5% CO2 oxygenated chamber for 100 min, after which slices were moved to equilibrated aCSF chambers an ...
... Vascular smooth muscle cell calcium imaging. SON slices were incubated with the calcium indicator Fluo-4AM (Invitrogen, F-14201, 40 !M) and 2.5 !l 20% pluronic acid (Invitrogen, P3000MP) in a 95% O2/5% CO2 oxygenated chamber for 100 min, after which slices were moved to equilibrated aCSF chambers an ...
PPT
... • In PRR & LIP in the posterior parietal cortex – Maps for the direction of either arm or eye movements that the monkey is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar t ...
... • In PRR & LIP in the posterior parietal cortex – Maps for the direction of either arm or eye movements that the monkey is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar t ...
Smell, Taste, Texture, and Temperature
... At some stage in taste processing, it is likely that taste representations are brought together with inputs from different modalities, for example, with olfactory inputs to form a representation of flavor (Figure 1). We found that in the orbitofrontal cortex taste areas, of 112 single neurons that re ...
... At some stage in taste processing, it is likely that taste representations are brought together with inputs from different modalities, for example, with olfactory inputs to form a representation of flavor (Figure 1). We found that in the orbitofrontal cortex taste areas, of 112 single neurons that re ...
Wager, T. D., Kang, J., Johnson, T. D., Nichols, T. E., Satpute, A. B.
... one emotion type from another, it is not clear that these findings are reliable enough (with sufficiently large effects) or generalizable enough across studies to meaningfully use brain information to infer what type of emotion was experienced. Recently, studies have begun to take a pattern-based vi ...
... one emotion type from another, it is not clear that these findings are reliable enough (with sufficiently large effects) or generalizable enough across studies to meaningfully use brain information to infer what type of emotion was experienced. Recently, studies have begun to take a pattern-based vi ...
kbook or W NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS
... Can we use what we know to control someone else’s brain? How likely is it that once we know exactly how the brain functions that we will be able to control another person’s brain? It sounds like science fiction, but we can actually do it right now, even with the limited knowledge we have. Transcrani ...
... Can we use what we know to control someone else’s brain? How likely is it that once we know exactly how the brain functions that we will be able to control another person’s brain? It sounds like science fiction, but we can actually do it right now, even with the limited knowledge we have. Transcrani ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... and Bennett, 1989; Sundaram et al., 1989; Talman and Robertson, 1989). Vasopressin, by acting in or near this nucleus, is able to alter cardiovascular parameters (Matsuguchi et al., 1982; Vallejo et al., 1984; Pittman and Franklin, 1985; Vallejo and Lightman, 1987). These data suggest that the nucle ...
... and Bennett, 1989; Sundaram et al., 1989; Talman and Robertson, 1989). Vasopressin, by acting in or near this nucleus, is able to alter cardiovascular parameters (Matsuguchi et al., 1982; Vallejo et al., 1984; Pittman and Franklin, 1985; Vallejo and Lightman, 1987). These data suggest that the nucle ...
pre_print_Blunted_and_exaggerated_cardiac_stress_reactivity
... motivational and behavioural salience processes in participants at risk for (Mannie, Taylor, Harmer, Cowen, & Norbury, 2011) and diagnosed with depression (Holsen et al., 2011), at risk for (Andrews et al., 2011; Glahn, Lovallo, & Fox, 2007) and diagnosed with alcoholism (Beck et al., 2009), and tho ...
... motivational and behavioural salience processes in participants at risk for (Mannie, Taylor, Harmer, Cowen, & Norbury, 2011) and diagnosed with depression (Holsen et al., 2011), at risk for (Andrews et al., 2011; Glahn, Lovallo, & Fox, 2007) and diagnosed with alcoholism (Beck et al., 2009), and tho ...
E ffects of different kinds of acute stress on nerve growth factor
... in their efficacy to initiate a HPAA response. In this experiment we report the effect of a threatening experimental treatment on NGF content in several brain areas, which are important for the activation of the HPAA, such as amygdala, hippocampus, limbic forebrain and frontal cortex. To answer the ...
... in their efficacy to initiate a HPAA response. In this experiment we report the effect of a threatening experimental treatment on NGF content in several brain areas, which are important for the activation of the HPAA, such as amygdala, hippocampus, limbic forebrain and frontal cortex. To answer the ...
Response Suppression in V1 Agrees with Psychophysics of
... these effects likely result from orientation-specific inhibitory interactions (Cannon and Fullenkamp, 1991; Snowden and Hammett, 1998; Xing and Heeger, 2001). The apparent similarity between the physiological and behavioral effects provides circumstantial evidence linking the two. To establish a tig ...
... these effects likely result from orientation-specific inhibitory interactions (Cannon and Fullenkamp, 1991; Snowden and Hammett, 1998; Xing and Heeger, 2001). The apparent similarity between the physiological and behavioral effects provides circumstantial evidence linking the two. To establish a tig ...
BRAIN - ESPN.com
... Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can trigger the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive neurodegeneration characterized by the widespread deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) as neurofibrillary tangles (Corsellis and Brierley, 1959; Corsellis et al., 1973 ...
... Repetitive mild traumatic brain injury can trigger the development of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE), a progressive neurodegeneration characterized by the widespread deposition of hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau) as neurofibrillary tangles (Corsellis and Brierley, 1959; Corsellis et al., 1973 ...
K. Lutz, M. Widmer
... The neuroscientific study of reward processing flourished with the detailed examination of neuronal activity in rodent brains during consumption and anticipation of rewards and punishment.4,5 For a comprehensive review, see Schultz.6 This work revealed that unexpected presentation of a reward, ac ...
... The neuroscientific study of reward processing flourished with the detailed examination of neuronal activity in rodent brains during consumption and anticipation of rewards and punishment.4,5 For a comprehensive review, see Schultz.6 This work revealed that unexpected presentation of a reward, ac ...
Effects on the central and peripheral nervous activity in rats elicited
... method of least square differences (LSD) was used for post-hoc testing. A possible correlation between the ...
... method of least square differences (LSD) was used for post-hoc testing. A possible correlation between the ...
Differential effects of 10-Hz and 40
... cuing tasks—one to assess endogenous attention and one to assess exogenous attention. Experimental sessions were conducted in an electrically-shielded, sound-attenuated booth, and stimuli were presented on a cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor positioned 75 cm from the participant, using Presentation sof ...
... cuing tasks—one to assess endogenous attention and one to assess exogenous attention. Experimental sessions were conducted in an electrically-shielded, sound-attenuated booth, and stimuli were presented on a cathode ray tube (CRT) monitor positioned 75 cm from the participant, using Presentation sof ...
Study Objectives
... 4. Identify and briefly describe experimental approaches used to examine cerebral lateralization in humans. 5. Describe Sperry's and Gazzaniga's work with split-brain patients. What did their results reveal about the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres? 6. Define aphasia and list at least thr ...
... 4. Identify and briefly describe experimental approaches used to examine cerebral lateralization in humans. 5. Describe Sperry's and Gazzaniga's work with split-brain patients. What did their results reveal about the functions of the two cerebral hemispheres? 6. Define aphasia and list at least thr ...
A quantitative link between face discrimination deficits and neuronal
... presentation of a stimulus (within a short time period) evokes a smaller neural response than the first (Miller et al., 1993). It has been shown that this adaptation can be measured using fMRI, and that the degree of adaptation depends on stimulus similarity, with repetitions of the same stimulus cau ...
... presentation of a stimulus (within a short time period) evokes a smaller neural response than the first (Miller et al., 1993). It has been shown that this adaptation can be measured using fMRI, and that the degree of adaptation depends on stimulus similarity, with repetitions of the same stimulus cau ...
donepezil dose-dependently inhibits acetylcholinesterase activity in
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
... Abstract—In the symptomatic treatment of mild to moderately severe dementia associated with Alzheimer’s disease, donepezil (E2020) has been introduced for the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase activity in the human brain. However, there is no morphological evidence as to how this chemical agent aff ...
Experimental Brain Research 221(1)
... (situated between V6 and MIP within the superior parietal cortex near the junction of the dorsal parieto-occipital sulcus, POS) (Fattori et al. 2001, 2009a; Galletti et al. 2003) and a putative ‘parietal reach region’ (PRR) that straddles the boundary between MIP and V6A (Batista et al. 1999; Buneo ...
... (situated between V6 and MIP within the superior parietal cortex near the junction of the dorsal parieto-occipital sulcus, POS) (Fattori et al. 2001, 2009a; Galletti et al. 2003) and a putative ‘parietal reach region’ (PRR) that straddles the boundary between MIP and V6A (Batista et al. 1999; Buneo ...
Neurolinguistics
Neurolinguistics is the study of the neural mechanisms in the human brain that control the comprehension, production, and acquisition of language. As an interdisciplinary field, neurolinguistics draws methodology and theory from fields such as neuroscience, linguistics, cognitive science, neurobiology, communication disorders, neuropsychology, and computer science. Researchers are drawn to the field from a variety of backgrounds, bringing along a variety of experimental techniques as well as widely varying theoretical perspectives. Much work in neurolinguistics is informed by models in psycholinguistics and theoretical linguistics, and is focused on investigating how the brain can implement the processes that theoretical and psycholinguistics propose are necessary in producing and comprehending language. Neurolinguists study the physiological mechanisms by which the brain processes information related to language, and evaluate linguistic and psycholinguistic theories, using aphasiology, brain imaging, electrophysiology, and computer modeling.