2016 Research Grant Directory
... improve recovery of brain function after injury. We still know too little about how brain activity changes in response to the initial injury and how these changes cause lasting detrimental effects on mental function and behavior. Research has shown that large brain networks are affected by injury, e ...
... improve recovery of brain function after injury. We still know too little about how brain activity changes in response to the initial injury and how these changes cause lasting detrimental effects on mental function and behavior. Research has shown that large brain networks are affected by injury, e ...
Functional circuitry underlying visual neglect
... phenomena inform us that sufficient neural circuitry exists both for detection of stimuli in the neglected hemifield and for producing orienting responses to the stimuli, but that the circuits are prevented from acting. As a consequence, a potential cure may be effected if the secondary circuits wer ...
... phenomena inform us that sufficient neural circuitry exists both for detection of stimuli in the neglected hemifield and for producing orienting responses to the stimuli, but that the circuits are prevented from acting. As a consequence, a potential cure may be effected if the secondary circuits wer ...
Biological Foundations of Behaviour
... Many axons that transmit information throughout the brain and spinal cord are covered by a tubelike myelin sheath, a fatty, whitish insulation layer derived from glial cells during development. The myelin sheath is interrupted at regular intervals by the nodes of Ranvier, where the myelin is either ...
... Many axons that transmit information throughout the brain and spinal cord are covered by a tubelike myelin sheath, a fatty, whitish insulation layer derived from glial cells during development. The myelin sheath is interrupted at regular intervals by the nodes of Ranvier, where the myelin is either ...
The Role of Ventromedial Prefrontal Cortex in Decision Making
... 2005; Volz et al. 2006), reinforcement learning, or choice tasks (reviewed in O’Doherty 2004; Montague et al. 2006). However, both single-unit and fMRI studies have found that many other areas of the brain, including midbrain nuclei, striatum, parietal cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex also ...
... 2005; Volz et al. 2006), reinforcement learning, or choice tasks (reviewed in O’Doherty 2004; Montague et al. 2006). However, both single-unit and fMRI studies have found that many other areas of the brain, including midbrain nuclei, striatum, parietal cortex, and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex also ...
GLOSSARY of Occupational Therapy Terminology
... Self-regulation: Nervous system’s ability to attain, maintain, and change levels of arousal or alertness. Sensory Diet: A term devised by Patricia Wilbarger in 1971 to describe a therapeutic method to maintain an optimal level of arousal (in the nervous system) by offering the right combination of s ...
... Self-regulation: Nervous system’s ability to attain, maintain, and change levels of arousal or alertness. Sensory Diet: A term devised by Patricia Wilbarger in 1971 to describe a therapeutic method to maintain an optimal level of arousal (in the nervous system) by offering the right combination of s ...
cortico-cortical feedback controls spatial summation in
... marked electrode lesions (arrows) amid ArchT-GFP expressing axons in V1. C) ArchTGFP expression is confined to axons in V1 while large number of V2 cells are labeled, confirming that the viral vector combination we have developed provides purely anterograde labeling. D) Borders of cortical layers we ...
... marked electrode lesions (arrows) amid ArchT-GFP expressing axons in V1. C) ArchTGFP expression is confined to axons in V1 while large number of V2 cells are labeled, confirming that the viral vector combination we have developed provides purely anterograde labeling. D) Borders of cortical layers we ...
Auditory cortex
... Descending pathway provides ‘top down’ information critical for selective attention and perception in a noisy environment. Besides ascending and descending pathways there is connection between left and right auditory pathways through corpus callosum and other brain regions. EE141 ...
... Descending pathway provides ‘top down’ information critical for selective attention and perception in a noisy environment. Besides ascending and descending pathways there is connection between left and right auditory pathways through corpus callosum and other brain regions. EE141 ...
Chib et al., 2009 - Rangel Neuroeconomics Laboratory
... choice screen for the three types of goods (money, trinkets, and snacks). phase, we fitted psychometric functions of the scanner choices as In every case, the event was modeled with a duration of 2 s. For each such a function of the subjects’ WTP. Figure 1C shows group psychoevent, we also introduce ...
... choice screen for the three types of goods (money, trinkets, and snacks). phase, we fitted psychometric functions of the scanner choices as In every case, the event was modeled with a duration of 2 s. For each such a function of the subjects’ WTP. Figure 1C shows group psychoevent, we also introduce ...
DIENCEPHALON
... EPITHALAMUS SUBTHALAMUS The third ventricle lies between the halves of the diencephalon. ...
... EPITHALAMUS SUBTHALAMUS The third ventricle lies between the halves of the diencephalon. ...
Machine Learning for Clinical Diagnosis from Functional Magnetic
... and can be therefore used for improving diagnosis (e.g. diagnosis of drug addiction, relapse or craving). In addition, the development of this “clinical machine learning framework” can be applied to further our understanding of other human disorders and states such as those impacting insight and awa ...
... and can be therefore used for improving diagnosis (e.g. diagnosis of drug addiction, relapse or craving). In addition, the development of this “clinical machine learning framework” can be applied to further our understanding of other human disorders and states such as those impacting insight and awa ...
Media Release
... Scientists have shown how the brain anticipates all of the new situations that it may encounter in a lifetime by creating a special kind of neural network that is “pre-adapted” to face any eventuality. This emerges from a new neuroscience study published in PLOS Computational Biology. Enel et al at ...
... Scientists have shown how the brain anticipates all of the new situations that it may encounter in a lifetime by creating a special kind of neural network that is “pre-adapted” to face any eventuality. This emerges from a new neuroscience study published in PLOS Computational Biology. Enel et al at ...
The Computation and Comparison of Value in Goal
... the exposition accessible to both audiences, important simplifications have been made). This interplay between theory and neurobiology has been very productive in many areas of neuroeconomics, and our problem is no exception. The chapter also seeks to provide a framework that brings together computa ...
... the exposition accessible to both audiences, important simplifications have been made). This interplay between theory and neurobiology has been very productive in many areas of neuroeconomics, and our problem is no exception. The chapter also seeks to provide a framework that brings together computa ...
Neural correlates of incidental and directed facial emotion
... 2009) have examined the level of engagement of corticolimbic circuitry during incidental or directed processing of emotions. In adults, a directed face emotion processing condition (which requires explicit judgment of facial emotions) tends to elicit the concerted interaction of cortical and limbic ...
... 2009) have examined the level of engagement of corticolimbic circuitry during incidental or directed processing of emotions. In adults, a directed face emotion processing condition (which requires explicit judgment of facial emotions) tends to elicit the concerted interaction of cortical and limbic ...
Hemispheric Asymmetry in Visual Perception Arises from Differential Encoding
... provide the most useful information for the task is decided, Ivry and Robertson's model does not fully explain why there is little evidence suggesting the existence of hemispheric specialization for particular frequency ranges (e.g., Fendrich & Gazzaniga, 1990). Ivry & Robertson (1998) argued that i ...
... provide the most useful information for the task is decided, Ivry and Robertson's model does not fully explain why there is little evidence suggesting the existence of hemispheric specialization for particular frequency ranges (e.g., Fendrich & Gazzaniga, 1990). Ivry & Robertson (1998) argued that i ...
Circuits in Psychopharmacology
... a "node." Various nodes in the cortex and in a few other key areas of the brain can now be imaged as they perform various brain functions or indeed as they malfunction in living patients. Because different functions live in different areas of the brain, or, more properly stated, are topographically ...
... a "node." Various nodes in the cortex and in a few other key areas of the brain can now be imaged as they perform various brain functions or indeed as they malfunction in living patients. Because different functions live in different areas of the brain, or, more properly stated, are topographically ...
The Anatomy of Language Sydney Lamb Rice University, Houston
... The magnetic fields that reach the head surface are extremely small Approximately one million times weaker than the ambient magnetic field of the earth Because the magnetic fields are extremely small, the magnetometers must be superconductive ...
... The magnetic fields that reach the head surface are extremely small Approximately one million times weaker than the ambient magnetic field of the earth Because the magnetic fields are extremely small, the magnetometers must be superconductive ...
O A
... Interestingly, intake of polyphenols through diets rich in fruits and vegetables was stated to reduce incidence of certain age-related neurological disorders including macular degeneration and dementia (Commenges et al., 2000; Bastianetto and Quirion, 2002). Therefore, these data suggest that high d ...
... Interestingly, intake of polyphenols through diets rich in fruits and vegetables was stated to reduce incidence of certain age-related neurological disorders including macular degeneration and dementia (Commenges et al., 2000; Bastianetto and Quirion, 2002). Therefore, these data suggest that high d ...
Representation of the Visual Field in the Human Occipital Cortex
... the extent of striate cortex (V1) is not determined by imaging, the retinotopic correlation is with MRI of the medial occipital cortex, not with the retinotopic organization of area V1. Several limitations confound conventional MRI in correlating lesion location with visual field defects. These limi ...
... the extent of striate cortex (V1) is not determined by imaging, the retinotopic correlation is with MRI of the medial occipital cortex, not with the retinotopic organization of area V1. Several limitations confound conventional MRI in correlating lesion location with visual field defects. These limi ...
Cortical control of saccades and fixation in man
... show levels of significance above a threshold of P < 0.001 (omnibus). Striate and extra-striate (mostly dorsal) cortical activation is seen in both comparisons. Reflexive saccades in comparison with fixation (A) showed significant activation of area 7 and FEF bilaterally. Remembered saccades compare ...
... show levels of significance above a threshold of P < 0.001 (omnibus). Striate and extra-striate (mostly dorsal) cortical activation is seen in both comparisons. Reflexive saccades in comparison with fixation (A) showed significant activation of area 7 and FEF bilaterally. Remembered saccades compare ...
DanielBearMCB105 Research Proposal
... Binocular rivalry occurs in conscious humans and monkeys when different images are simultaneously presented to each eye (1, 2). If the distinct images cover a relatively small portion of the visual field, humans will usually see one image for several seconds, then the other, switching back and forth ...
... Binocular rivalry occurs in conscious humans and monkeys when different images are simultaneously presented to each eye (1, 2). If the distinct images cover a relatively small portion of the visual field, humans will usually see one image for several seconds, then the other, switching back and forth ...
The cortical visual area V6: brain location and visual topography
... hemi®eld is represented in V6. Both the central part of the visual ®eld and the periphery, up to ~ 80 ° of eccentricity, are well represented. There is a prevailing representation of the lower visual ®eld with respect to the upper one. The reasons for the under-representation of the upper visual ®el ...
... hemi®eld is represented in V6. Both the central part of the visual ®eld and the periphery, up to ~ 80 ° of eccentricity, are well represented. There is a prevailing representation of the lower visual ®eld with respect to the upper one. The reasons for the under-representation of the upper visual ®el ...
Reward system - Basic Knowledge 101
... seems to only sometimes control pleasure when in fact that does not prove to be happening at all. This hypothesis dealt with the wanting aspect of rewards. Scientists can use this study done by Berridge to further explain the reasoning of getting such strong urges when addicted to drugs. Some addict ...
... seems to only sometimes control pleasure when in fact that does not prove to be happening at all. This hypothesis dealt with the wanting aspect of rewards. Scientists can use this study done by Berridge to further explain the reasoning of getting such strong urges when addicted to drugs. Some addict ...
Differential roles of delay-period neural activity in the monkey
... preparatory-set cell; its discharge tends to increase as the time for an expected behavioral response of a WM task approaches. These two types of cells may participate in two complementary processes: Sensory-coupled cells hold information of stimuli, and preparatory-set cells prepare for action in r ...
... preparatory-set cell; its discharge tends to increase as the time for an expected behavioral response of a WM task approaches. These two types of cells may participate in two complementary processes: Sensory-coupled cells hold information of stimuli, and preparatory-set cells prepare for action in r ...
Program booklet - Munich Center for NeuroSciences
... The detection of visual motion, both the movement of objects in a visual scene and of the visual scene itself, helps animals to spot prey, predators or mates and to navigate in their environment. Yet visual motion is not directly detected by photoreceptors in the retina, but has to be computed from ...
... The detection of visual motion, both the movement of objects in a visual scene and of the visual scene itself, helps animals to spot prey, predators or mates and to navigate in their environment. Yet visual motion is not directly detected by photoreceptors in the retina, but has to be computed from ...
A Brain Adaptation View of Plasticity: Is Synaptic Plasticity An Overly
... wild animals have for years confirmed that feral animal brains are larger than those of domestically reared animals (old german and other literature). Nevertheless, studying different degrees of environmental complexity can provide information about brain responses that are likely to generalize to h ...
... wild animals have for years confirmed that feral animal brains are larger than those of domestically reared animals (old german and other literature). Nevertheless, studying different degrees of environmental complexity can provide information about brain responses that are likely to generalize to h ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.