Lesion mapping of social problem solving
... Social problem solving refers to mental processes and strategies for making decisions and solving problems encountered in everyday social life (Cornelius and Caspi, 1987; Dimitrov et al., 1996). This ecological approach to studying problem solving considers the ways in which an individual perceives ...
... Social problem solving refers to mental processes and strategies for making decisions and solving problems encountered in everyday social life (Cornelius and Caspi, 1987; Dimitrov et al., 1996). This ecological approach to studying problem solving considers the ways in which an individual perceives ...
THE CINGULATE CORTEX AND HUMAN MEMORY PROCESSES
... why the overdeveloped anterior cingulate cortex correlates with a decrease in memory errors, such as confabulations, but also with a decrease in overall recall: conservative decision-making criteria filter the noise and lower the number of “false alarms” as well as lowering the number of “hits.” On ...
... why the overdeveloped anterior cingulate cortex correlates with a decrease in memory errors, such as confabulations, but also with a decrease in overall recall: conservative decision-making criteria filter the noise and lower the number of “false alarms” as well as lowering the number of “hits.” On ...
Large-Field Visual Motion Directly Induces an Involuntary Rapid
... Recent neuroscience studies have been concerned with how aimed movements are generated on the basis of target localization. However, visual information from the surroundings as well as from the target can influence arm motor control, in a manner similar to known effects in postural and ocular motor ...
... Recent neuroscience studies have been concerned with how aimed movements are generated on the basis of target localization. However, visual information from the surroundings as well as from the target can influence arm motor control, in a manner similar to known effects in postural and ocular motor ...
June 2010 - McPherson Eye Research Institute
... visualizing population dynamics within this area of the brain by using voltage imaging. Their study aims to explore in vitro how population dynamics in the superior colliculus—considered part of the final motor pathway for voluntary and reflexive saccades—underlie behavior, revealing new insights in ...
... visualizing population dynamics within this area of the brain by using voltage imaging. Their study aims to explore in vitro how population dynamics in the superior colliculus—considered part of the final motor pathway for voluntary and reflexive saccades—underlie behavior, revealing new insights in ...
Cerebrum - CM
... • Association areas integrate different types of information: • Unimodal areas integrate one specific type of information • Multimodal areas integrate information from multiple different sources and carry out many higher mental functions ...
... • Association areas integrate different types of information: • Unimodal areas integrate one specific type of information • Multimodal areas integrate information from multiple different sources and carry out many higher mental functions ...
In Vivo Evaluation of White Matter Integrity and Anterograde
... MRI and OCT of Visual System Upon Retinal Injury optic nerves.87 Future studies may also evaluate the potentials and safety of such Mn-chelates for assessing transport obstruction and repair in visual pathway injury compared with MnCl2. Intravitreal injection of NMDA can induce excitotoxic retinal i ...
... MRI and OCT of Visual System Upon Retinal Injury optic nerves.87 Future studies may also evaluate the potentials and safety of such Mn-chelates for assessing transport obstruction and repair in visual pathway injury compared with MnCl2. Intravitreal injection of NMDA can induce excitotoxic retinal i ...
Art.-Schoenbaum (R) - UCSD Cognitive Science
... Comparison of neural activity on positive go and negative go trials revealed that a substantial population of neurons in both OFC and ABL fired differentially depending on whether the subsequent outcome was to be the rewarding sucrose solution or the aversive quinine. This comparison of activity was ...
... Comparison of neural activity on positive go and negative go trials revealed that a substantial population of neurons in both OFC and ABL fired differentially depending on whether the subsequent outcome was to be the rewarding sucrose solution or the aversive quinine. This comparison of activity was ...
The Ventrolateral Hypothalamic Area and the Parvafox Nucleus
... the PV1-Foxb1 nucleus and which we now propose to call the parvafox nucleus. Here, we review the circumstantial evidence pointing to a role of the ventral LHA in the expression of emotions. To this end, we will draw on data that concern the parvafox as an entry point. We will avoid referring to the ...
... the PV1-Foxb1 nucleus and which we now propose to call the parvafox nucleus. Here, we review the circumstantial evidence pointing to a role of the ventral LHA in the expression of emotions. To this end, we will draw on data that concern the parvafox as an entry point. We will avoid referring to the ...
MIrror neuRons based RObot Recognition - LIRA-Lab
... objects were modest (sphere) or virtually absent (cylinder). Figure 3B (object fixation) shows the behavior of the same neuron of Figure 3A during the fixation of the same objects. In this condition the objects were presented as during the task in 2A, but grasping was not allowed and, at the go-sign ...
... objects were modest (sphere) or virtually absent (cylinder). Figure 3B (object fixation) shows the behavior of the same neuron of Figure 3A during the fixation of the same objects. In this condition the objects were presented as during the task in 2A, but grasping was not allowed and, at the go-sign ...
Evolving Robots Able to Visually Discriminate Between - laral
... longer than the latter in the view angle of the camera while the robot move forward by slightly turning clockwise. To explain why the robot loses the visual contact more slowly with more distant than closer object (from the robot point of view) one should consider that, while approaching an object, ...
... longer than the latter in the view angle of the camera while the robot move forward by slightly turning clockwise. To explain why the robot loses the visual contact more slowly with more distant than closer object (from the robot point of view) one should consider that, while approaching an object, ...
The Effects of Short-term and Long-term Learning on the Responses
... posts for restraining head movements during the training and recording sessions. The monkeys had two separate surgeries under isoflurane anesthesia. During the first surgery, we implanted a recording chamber of diameter 16 mm at approximately 5P and 12L over the right hemisphere. The chamber was mad ...
... posts for restraining head movements during the training and recording sessions. The monkeys had two separate surgeries under isoflurane anesthesia. During the first surgery, we implanted a recording chamber of diameter 16 mm at approximately 5P and 12L over the right hemisphere. The chamber was mad ...
BIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF BEHAVIOR
... Neurons do two important things: They generate electricity, and they release chemicals. Nerve conduction is thus an electrochemical process. The electrical properties of neurons have been known for more than a century, but we have only recently begun to understand the chemical processes involved in ...
... Neurons do two important things: They generate electricity, and they release chemicals. Nerve conduction is thus an electrochemical process. The electrical properties of neurons have been known for more than a century, but we have only recently begun to understand the chemical processes involved in ...
- Wiley Online Library
... deposition of the amyloidogenic APP fragments are closely associated with specific proteolytic events, especially the altered endosomal/lysosomal system (Benowitz et al., 1989; Cole et a!., 1989; Golde et a!., 1992; Haass et al., 1992), and that the amyloidogenic APP fragments are routinely produced ...
... deposition of the amyloidogenic APP fragments are closely associated with specific proteolytic events, especially the altered endosomal/lysosomal system (Benowitz et al., 1989; Cole et a!., 1989; Golde et a!., 1992; Haass et al., 1992), and that the amyloidogenic APP fragments are routinely produced ...
Reduced BOLD response to periodic visual stimulation
... course, repetitive aperiodic stimulation will also produce synchronous firing with a frequency profile reflecting that of the stimulus. However, periodic stimulation also produces entrainment, where the bursts of firing increase in amplitude over the first few hundred milliseconds of stimulation, an ...
... course, repetitive aperiodic stimulation will also produce synchronous firing with a frequency profile reflecting that of the stimulus. However, periodic stimulation also produces entrainment, where the bursts of firing increase in amplitude over the first few hundred milliseconds of stimulation, an ...
Sensory uncertainty decoded from visual cortex
... thought to arise, in part, from internal neural noise affecting the fidelity of cortical orientation representations. We asked whether this trial-bytrial variability in the fidelity of internal knowledge was reflected in fMRI activation patterns. We addressed this question using a modelbased decodin ...
... thought to arise, in part, from internal neural noise affecting the fidelity of cortical orientation representations. We asked whether this trial-bytrial variability in the fidelity of internal knowledge was reflected in fMRI activation patterns. We addressed this question using a modelbased decodin ...
Rnd family genes are differentially regulated by 3,4 - HAL
... GTPase involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, among the genes regulated by acute MDMA in mice striatum (Salzmann et al., 2006). In order to extend this finding we performed acute injections of two psychostimulants cocaine and MDMA to test whether these drugs with similar but different mec ...
... GTPase involved in the regulation of actin cytoskeleton, among the genes regulated by acute MDMA in mice striatum (Salzmann et al., 2006). In order to extend this finding we performed acute injections of two psychostimulants cocaine and MDMA to test whether these drugs with similar but different mec ...
A Neural Circuit Basis for Spatial Working Memory
... working memory have since been observed in other brain regions as well, and indeed, the prefrontal cortex is only part of a broader network of interconnected cortical and subcortical areas (Fig. 1). The differential roles and relative contributions of these brain structures in memory function contin ...
... working memory have since been observed in other brain regions as well, and indeed, the prefrontal cortex is only part of a broader network of interconnected cortical and subcortical areas (Fig. 1). The differential roles and relative contributions of these brain structures in memory function contin ...
Plasticity in gray and white: neuroimaging changes in brain structure
... Heschl’s gyrus, hippocampus), but delineating anatomical borders can often prove difficult, and analysis is limited to a predefined region. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) proved to be a breakthrough91, as it allowed whole-brain, automatic, unbiased, semiquantitative analysis of gray matter and white ...
... Heschl’s gyrus, hippocampus), but delineating anatomical borders can often prove difficult, and analysis is limited to a predefined region. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) proved to be a breakthrough91, as it allowed whole-brain, automatic, unbiased, semiquantitative analysis of gray matter and white ...
Parallel Evolution of Cortical Areas Involved in Skilled Hand Use
... field does not appear to be present in any other New World monkey in which this region has been electrophysiologically explored [owl monkey (Merzenich et al., 1978), squirrel monkey (Sur et al., 1982), and titi monkey (Coq et al., 2004; Padberg et al., 2005)]. Despite the apparent independent emerge ...
... field does not appear to be present in any other New World monkey in which this region has been electrophysiologically explored [owl monkey (Merzenich et al., 1978), squirrel monkey (Sur et al., 1982), and titi monkey (Coq et al., 2004; Padberg et al., 2005)]. Despite the apparent independent emerge ...
Heterogeneity of GABAergic Cells in Cat Visual Cortex
... step of the staining procedure. This elution has to be complete, selective, and mav not elute or denature the antigen to be localized in the subsequent-staining sequence. Completeness of the elution can be checked by performing the first staining sequence, omitting the DAB reaction, following this b ...
... step of the staining procedure. This elution has to be complete, selective, and mav not elute or denature the antigen to be localized in the subsequent-staining sequence. Completeness of the elution can be checked by performing the first staining sequence, omitting the DAB reaction, following this b ...
Structure–function relationship of working memory activity with
... angle: 30o, scanning time: 13.5 min). The gray-matter volumes of three sulcal-defined regions of the prefrontal cortex were calculated from the average MPRAGE volume of each subject as detailed in Harms et al. (2010). Briefly, the sulcal boundaries of the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri ...
... angle: 30o, scanning time: 13.5 min). The gray-matter volumes of three sulcal-defined regions of the prefrontal cortex were calculated from the average MPRAGE volume of each subject as detailed in Harms et al. (2010). Briefly, the sulcal boundaries of the superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri ...
neuron number decreases in the rat ventral, but not dorsal, medial
... frame containing appropriate ‘acceptance’ and ‘forbidden’ lines (area or Aframe of 45⫻45 m and height (h) of the section thickness excluding the 3 m thick guard zones) within each region of interest in order to obtain correct stereological estimates of cell density that were unbiased for cell size ...
... frame containing appropriate ‘acceptance’ and ‘forbidden’ lines (area or Aframe of 45⫻45 m and height (h) of the section thickness excluding the 3 m thick guard zones) within each region of interest in order to obtain correct stereological estimates of cell density that were unbiased for cell size ...
Neuronal activity in human primary visual cortex correlates with
... each stimulus presentation was determined by randomly sampling from the distribution of durations reported (via the subject’s button presses) during the rivalry scans. To maintain attention and engage the same motor responses, subjects again pressed buttons to indicate which grating was visible. Bec ...
... each stimulus presentation was determined by randomly sampling from the distribution of durations reported (via the subject’s button presses) during the rivalry scans. To maintain attention and engage the same motor responses, subjects again pressed buttons to indicate which grating was visible. Bec ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.