On phenomenal character and Petri dishes
... intrinsic to the individual. This does not entail that it is intrinsic to some part of the individual. For example, the internalist could hold that my experience of the smell of coffee necessarily involves a state of my entire body, or at least of my entire brain. The view that phenomenal character ...
... intrinsic to the individual. This does not entail that it is intrinsic to some part of the individual. For example, the internalist could hold that my experience of the smell of coffee necessarily involves a state of my entire body, or at least of my entire brain. The view that phenomenal character ...
The limbic system
... The medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus is a key structure in the central control of male sexual behavior. Chemosensory efferents from the main and accessory olfactory systems project to the medial amygdala (MeA). MeA sends direct and indirect innervations (through the bed nucleus of the stria ...
... The medial preoptic area of the hypothalamus is a key structure in the central control of male sexual behavior. Chemosensory efferents from the main and accessory olfactory systems project to the medial amygdala (MeA). MeA sends direct and indirect innervations (through the bed nucleus of the stria ...
A Symmetric Approach Elucidates Multisensory Information Integration
... primary gustatory cortex connections to primary olfactory cortex, once again suggests that sensory processing may be more intrinsically integrative than previously thought [28]. In sum, the current broad consensus is that the multimodal model is widely diffused in the brain and that most, if not all ...
... primary gustatory cortex connections to primary olfactory cortex, once again suggests that sensory processing may be more intrinsically integrative than previously thought [28]. In sum, the current broad consensus is that the multimodal model is widely diffused in the brain and that most, if not all ...
Preprint - University of Pennsylvania School of Arts and Sciences
... dot on the screen. Our experimental design included four images presented in all possible combinations as a visual stimulus, and as an intended target, resulting in 16 experimental conditions. We held the target image fixed for short blocks of trials and we presented the same images as both targets ...
... dot on the screen. Our experimental design included four images presented in all possible combinations as a visual stimulus, and as an intended target, resulting in 16 experimental conditions. We held the target image fixed for short blocks of trials and we presented the same images as both targets ...
The neural basis of the speed–accuracy tradeoff - Eric
... have researchers begun to study the neural basis of SAT, using experimental methods and neurocomputational models. This review focuses on three key aspects of SAT that this recent work has helped bring to the fore: (i) what processing stage does SAT affect? (ii) does speed emphasis cause an increase ...
... have researchers begun to study the neural basis of SAT, using experimental methods and neurocomputational models. This review focuses on three key aspects of SAT that this recent work has helped bring to the fore: (i) what processing stage does SAT affect? (ii) does speed emphasis cause an increase ...
NEUROTRANSMISSION
... tissues in the body, such as muscles. A protective covering called the myelin sheath covers the axons of many neurons. Myelin insulates the axon and helps messages from nerve signals travel faster, farther, and more efficiently. ...
... tissues in the body, such as muscles. A protective covering called the myelin sheath covers the axons of many neurons. Myelin insulates the axon and helps messages from nerve signals travel faster, farther, and more efficiently. ...
Development of GAP-43 mRNA in the macaque cerebral cortex
... ment does not necessarily follow this pattern: the primary areas develop earlier than the association areas. There are two other types of cortical development. One type displays a similar time course of development among the involved areas. Developmental changes in the density of synapses in each ar ...
... ment does not necessarily follow this pattern: the primary areas develop earlier than the association areas. There are two other types of cortical development. One type displays a similar time course of development among the involved areas. Developmental changes in the density of synapses in each ar ...
Prediction error for free monetary reward in the human prefrontal
... Making predictions about future rewards is an important ability for primates, and its neurophysiological mechanisms have been studied extensively. One important approach is to identify neural systems that process errors related to reward prediction (i.e., areas that register the occurrence of unpred ...
... Making predictions about future rewards is an important ability for primates, and its neurophysiological mechanisms have been studied extensively. One important approach is to identify neural systems that process errors related to reward prediction (i.e., areas that register the occurrence of unpred ...
Probing forebrain to hindbrain circuit functions in Xenopus
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
Probing forebrain to hindbrain circuit functions in
... Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 E-mail: [email protected] ...
... Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027 E-mail: [email protected] ...
- Wiley Online Library
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
... F I G U R E 3 Initiation and production of vocal motor patterns in X. laevis. (a) The ex vivo brain (Figure 1a) now viewed from the side and illustrating subdivisions (hindbrain, midbrain, and forebrain) that include neural circuits participating in initiation of vocal patterns. In an adult male bra ...
Neuroanatomical correlates of the near response: voluntary
... feedback and comparison with the internal representation of the target. Open loop vergence in the viewing eye is inhibited. During visual accommodation top± down, cognitive-perceptual processing occurs within the accommodative system. ...
... feedback and comparison with the internal representation of the target. Open loop vergence in the viewing eye is inhibited. During visual accommodation top± down, cognitive-perceptual processing occurs within the accommodative system. ...
Neuronal Selectivities to Complex Object
... posterior IT and anterior IT was suggested on the basis of lesion studies (Iwai and Mishkin 1968), this concept has not been further developed, probably because of the lack of related data at the cellular level. As a step towards this goal, we compared selectivity of cell responses for complex objec ...
... posterior IT and anterior IT was suggested on the basis of lesion studies (Iwai and Mishkin 1968), this concept has not been further developed, probably because of the lack of related data at the cellular level. As a step towards this goal, we compared selectivity of cell responses for complex objec ...
Action Representation in Mirror Neurons
... describe the action event, which reflects what normally occurs in nature, where, within a social environment, vision and sound of hand actions are typically coupled. Finally, in the remaining three neurons the response to sound alone was the strongest. A population analysis (Fig. 2B, rightmost colum ...
... describe the action event, which reflects what normally occurs in nature, where, within a social environment, vision and sound of hand actions are typically coupled. Finally, in the remaining three neurons the response to sound alone was the strongest. A population analysis (Fig. 2B, rightmost colum ...
Lecture 12
... • analogy to vision – cortical magnification – somatotopic organization – multiple maps of the body in S1 and S2 ...
... • analogy to vision – cortical magnification – somatotopic organization – multiple maps of the body in S1 and S2 ...
AandPChp7Brain
... Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) or Stroke •Result from a ruptured blood vessel supplying a region of the brain •Brain tissue supplied with oxygen from that blood source dies •Loss of some functions or death may result •Hemiplegia One-sided paralysis •Aphasis Damage to speech center in left hemis ...
... Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA) or Stroke •Result from a ruptured blood vessel supplying a region of the brain •Brain tissue supplied with oxygen from that blood source dies •Loss of some functions or death may result •Hemiplegia One-sided paralysis •Aphasis Damage to speech center in left hemis ...
392868
... “episodic memory” [3] and known to be maintained by the hippocampus. Even if damage to the hippocampus occurs in childhood, patients with damage to the hippocampus show difficulty in the formation and maintenance of the episodic memory [4]. This is one of the reason why the hippocampus is considered a ...
... “episodic memory” [3] and known to be maintained by the hippocampus. Even if damage to the hippocampus occurs in childhood, patients with damage to the hippocampus show difficulty in the formation and maintenance of the episodic memory [4]. This is one of the reason why the hippocampus is considered a ...
21 June 2001
... body contralateral to a brain injury) is typically associated with lesions of the posterior parietal lobe. However, in monkeys, this disorder is observed after lesions of the superior temporal cortex1, a puzzling discrepancy between the species. Here we show that, contrary to the widely accepted vie ...
... body contralateral to a brain injury) is typically associated with lesions of the posterior parietal lobe. However, in monkeys, this disorder is observed after lesions of the superior temporal cortex1, a puzzling discrepancy between the species. Here we show that, contrary to the widely accepted vie ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
development and plasticity of cortical areas and networks
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
... Other evidence indicates that gradients of gene expression in the neuroepithelium of different cortical areas might regulate the initial arealization of the neocortex. For example, Pax6 is usually expressed in a lowcaudomedial–high-rostrolateral gradient28,29. In Pax6 homozygous mutants, caudolatera ...
Molecular Analysis of Developmental Plasticity in Neocortex
... al., 1991; Wigstrom and Gustafsson, 1985). Since its discovery in the hippocampus, LTP, the sustained increase in synaptic transmission resulting from highfrequency stimulation of excitatory pathways, has been the primary experimental model for studies of the synaptic basis of learning and memory in ...
... al., 1991; Wigstrom and Gustafsson, 1985). Since its discovery in the hippocampus, LTP, the sustained increase in synaptic transmission resulting from highfrequency stimulation of excitatory pathways, has been the primary experimental model for studies of the synaptic basis of learning and memory in ...
Where is a Nose with Respect to a Foot? The Left
... to the one used to diagnose autotopagnposia, and found an activation in both the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the left superior parietal cortex (SPC). The same regions were documented by Le Clec’H et al. (2000) who asked participants to code the spatial relationship among parts of the human b ...
... to the one used to diagnose autotopagnposia, and found an activation in both the left intraparietal sulcus (IPS) and the left superior parietal cortex (SPC). The same regions were documented by Le Clec’H et al. (2000) who asked participants to code the spatial relationship among parts of the human b ...
Relational Networks
... If there are no symbols, how does the system know which morpheme it is? Answer: If there were symbols, what would read them? Miniature eyes inside the brain? ...
... If there are no symbols, how does the system know which morpheme it is? Answer: If there were symbols, what would read them? Miniature eyes inside the brain? ...
Arterial Blood Supply to the Auditory Cortex of the Chinchilla
... anatomy of the arterial circle and its associated major vessels can be seen. The general plan (from caudal to rostral) of vertebral arteries converging to form the basilar artery, which in turn bifurcates to form the caudal end of the arterial circle, is similar in all mammalian species, including h ...
... anatomy of the arterial circle and its associated major vessels can be seen. The general plan (from caudal to rostral) of vertebral arteries converging to form the basilar artery, which in turn bifurcates to form the caudal end of the arterial circle, is similar in all mammalian species, including h ...
Two Phylogenetic Specializations in the Human Brain
... The spindle cells may serve to augment and relay the error-correcting information to other parts of the brain. The spindle cells are located in layer 5, which typically relays the output of cortical processing to other cortical areas and subcortical structures. The axons of the spindle cells are kno ...
... The spindle cells may serve to augment and relay the error-correcting information to other parts of the brain. The spindle cells are located in layer 5, which typically relays the output of cortical processing to other cortical areas and subcortical structures. The axons of the spindle cells are kno ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.