The Functional Organization of Perception and Movement
... illustrates the interaction of sensory and motor systems—how information from the body surface ascends through the sensory relays of the nervous system to the cerebral cortex and is transformed into motor commands that descend to the spinal cord to produce movements. We now have a fairly complete un ...
... illustrates the interaction of sensory and motor systems—how information from the body surface ascends through the sensory relays of the nervous system to the cerebral cortex and is transformed into motor commands that descend to the spinal cord to produce movements. We now have a fairly complete un ...
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA
... foramen. The AC was sectioned at the floor of the lateral ventricle lateral to the fornix. Antibiotics were delivered to prevent infection, and the monkeys were given sufficient rest for recovery for at least 2 weeks. The lesions of the entorhinal and perirhinal cortex were made by injecting a small ...
... foramen. The AC was sectioned at the floor of the lateral ventricle lateral to the fornix. Antibiotics were delivered to prevent infection, and the monkeys were given sufficient rest for recovery for at least 2 weeks. The lesions of the entorhinal and perirhinal cortex were made by injecting a small ...
Discussion and future directions
... and command 12 directions of movement, by extracting the similarity relationships from the input space. The success of the self–organization process is dependent on two factors: the input patterns and the feedback connectivity system. A self–organizing feature map is a means of visualizing in a redu ...
... and command 12 directions of movement, by extracting the similarity relationships from the input space. The success of the self–organization process is dependent on two factors: the input patterns and the feedback connectivity system. A self–organizing feature map is a means of visualizing in a redu ...
Chapter 14:The Brain and Cranial Nerves
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
... Copyright © The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display. ...
Mirror Neurons and Mirror Systems in Monkeys and Humans
... that many mirror neurons that responded to visual observation of motor acts accompanied by sounds also responded to the sound alone. These neurons were named “audio-visual” mirror neurons (33). In the second series of experiments, after selecting mirror neurons that responded exclusively during the ...
... that many mirror neurons that responded to visual observation of motor acts accompanied by sounds also responded to the sound alone. These neurons were named “audio-visual” mirror neurons (33). In the second series of experiments, after selecting mirror neurons that responded exclusively during the ...
The Effect of Movement Rate and Complexity on
... movement (Jenkins et al., 1997). Because of the decision making involved in this “free selection” task, it may have been a more sophisticated movement paradigm than tapping, and the observed rate effect may have reflected an interaction between movement rate and task complexity. This conclusion is s ...
... movement (Jenkins et al., 1997). Because of the decision making involved in this “free selection” task, it may have been a more sophisticated movement paradigm than tapping, and the observed rate effect may have reflected an interaction between movement rate and task complexity. This conclusion is s ...
Reference frames for representing the location of visual and tactile
... cells (Fig. 3). Tactile RFs were exclusively head-centered, and therefore only a subset of bimodal neurons encoded both visual and tactile information in this reference frame (13/26 had a displacement index o0.5 in both modalities). The actual values of tactile displacement index contained in this d ...
... cells (Fig. 3). Tactile RFs were exclusively head-centered, and therefore only a subset of bimodal neurons encoded both visual and tactile information in this reference frame (13/26 had a displacement index o0.5 in both modalities). The actual values of tactile displacement index contained in this d ...
Sequencing the connectome. - Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
... brain areas represent different kinds of information and have clearly distinct functions, so it is easy to see how knowing the connections among areas at the mesoscopic level will be useful. There are currently several major efforts to describe systematically the mesoscopic-scale connectivity of the ...
... brain areas represent different kinds of information and have clearly distinct functions, so it is easy to see how knowing the connections among areas at the mesoscopic level will be useful. There are currently several major efforts to describe systematically the mesoscopic-scale connectivity of the ...
what distinguishes conscious experience from unconscious processes
... rest of the person’s brain is having another experience. Individual phenomenal experience could be generated by the firing of specific NCCs e.g. Zeki (Localization and). But this only raises further objections. Firstly, it is a claim that is impossible to verify scientifically (since we rely on a pe ...
... rest of the person’s brain is having another experience. Individual phenomenal experience could be generated by the firing of specific NCCs e.g. Zeki (Localization and). But this only raises further objections. Firstly, it is a claim that is impossible to verify scientifically (since we rely on a pe ...
Neural correlates for perception of 3d surface orientation from texture
... disparity signals have been found in the parietal (11, 12) and temporal (13, 14) association cortices. However, binocular disparity is not the only cue for depth perception, because we can perceive depth even with one eye closed. Gibson (15) has proposed that texture gradient is an important cue for ...
... disparity signals have been found in the parietal (11, 12) and temporal (13, 14) association cortices. However, binocular disparity is not the only cue for depth perception, because we can perceive depth even with one eye closed. Gibson (15) has proposed that texture gradient is an important cue for ...
The functional role of dorso-lateral premotor cortex
... topology and the time-courses of neural activation with high temporal and spatial resolution. Consistent and clearly task-related activation was detected in lateral and medial premotor areas, but not in primary motor areas (see also Windischberger et al., 2002). Using a combination of exploratory an ...
... topology and the time-courses of neural activation with high temporal and spatial resolution. Consistent and clearly task-related activation was detected in lateral and medial premotor areas, but not in primary motor areas (see also Windischberger et al., 2002). Using a combination of exploratory an ...
Perception of three-dimensional structure from motion
... of this reconstruction stage assigns depth values across the surface through the use of motion gradient information. This 3-D surface computation may operate within MT, or may utilize the cells in MST which have been previously shown to be selective to various gradients and patterns of motion26–30. ...
... of this reconstruction stage assigns depth values across the surface through the use of motion gradient information. This 3-D surface computation may operate within MT, or may utilize the cells in MST which have been previously shown to be selective to various gradients and patterns of motion26–30. ...
The Biology
... Because it evolved very early, the [a] _______________ of the brain is referred to as the old brain. It is composed of the medulla, which controls functions like breathing and heartbeat; the pons, which transmits information helping to coordinate muscle activity on the right and left halves of the b ...
... Because it evolved very early, the [a] _______________ of the brain is referred to as the old brain. It is composed of the medulla, which controls functions like breathing and heartbeat; the pons, which transmits information helping to coordinate muscle activity on the right and left halves of the b ...
HCI1 - Brian Whitworth
... • The appropriate specialist sub-system (SS) can autonomously take charge of the situation: – advanced special service teams facing high challenges work this way (facing a cliff, the climbing expert controls, in a watercrossing, the water expert takes charge – CSMA/CD (ethernet) networks are more ef ...
... • The appropriate specialist sub-system (SS) can autonomously take charge of the situation: – advanced special service teams facing high challenges work this way (facing a cliff, the climbing expert controls, in a watercrossing, the water expert takes charge – CSMA/CD (ethernet) networks are more ef ...
the functional properties of the light
... lobule is a higher order processing area of the visual system, for it is known to receive convergent inputs from both the geniculostriate and the collicular portions of the visual system. The striate and the prestriate areas are believed to project upon the inferior parietal lobule over a multiple-s ...
... lobule is a higher order processing area of the visual system, for it is known to receive convergent inputs from both the geniculostriate and the collicular portions of the visual system. The striate and the prestriate areas are believed to project upon the inferior parietal lobule over a multiple-s ...
1 Brain Development, SIDS and Shaken Baby By Rhonda Crabbs
... neurons. Most neurons are created before birth with a peak production rate of 250,000 new cells per minute in mid-pregnancy. Some of these neurons are deep inside the brain and some are in the brain stem, which is the region that controls automatic responses such as heartbeat, breathing and temperat ...
... neurons. Most neurons are created before birth with a peak production rate of 250,000 new cells per minute in mid-pregnancy. Some of these neurons are deep inside the brain and some are in the brain stem, which is the region that controls automatic responses such as heartbeat, breathing and temperat ...
PSYCHOLOGY AND INFORMATION SYSTEMS
... • The appropriate specialist sub-system (SS) can autonomously take charge of the situation: – advanced special service teams facing high challenges work this way (facing a cliff, the climbing expert controls, in a watercrossing, the water expert takes charge – CSMA/CD (ethernet) networks are more ef ...
... • The appropriate specialist sub-system (SS) can autonomously take charge of the situation: – advanced special service teams facing high challenges work this way (facing a cliff, the climbing expert controls, in a watercrossing, the water expert takes charge – CSMA/CD (ethernet) networks are more ef ...
Models and Measurements of Functional Maps in V1
... from single-unit studies that individual neurons are preferentially sensitive to a small set of stimulus features and that neuronal sensitivity to these features varies across the cortical sheet within a visual area (Hubel and Wiesel 1962). Over the last 20 years, optical imaging has allowed the act ...
... from single-unit studies that individual neurons are preferentially sensitive to a small set of stimulus features and that neuronal sensitivity to these features varies across the cortical sheet within a visual area (Hubel and Wiesel 1962). Over the last 20 years, optical imaging has allowed the act ...
Studying the topological organization of the cerebral blood flow
... Friston et al. (1993) using PET imaging. In this paper the distributed brain systems associated with performance of a verbal fluency task were identified through recursive Principal Component Analysis (rPCA) methodology. rPCA method groups brain regions into a few latent components. In particular, the ...
... Friston et al. (1993) using PET imaging. In this paper the distributed brain systems associated with performance of a verbal fluency task were identified through recursive Principal Component Analysis (rPCA) methodology. rPCA method groups brain regions into a few latent components. In particular, the ...
Visuomotor development
... One might assume, that being ”probably the most basic operation a nervous system evolved to solve” (Churchland and Sejnowski, 1992) the sensorimotor coupling is implemented by some basic, primitive mechanisms on which sophisticated structures, like a primates brain, have built sensory guidance of mo ...
... One might assume, that being ”probably the most basic operation a nervous system evolved to solve” (Churchland and Sejnowski, 1992) the sensorimotor coupling is implemented by some basic, primitive mechanisms on which sophisticated structures, like a primates brain, have built sensory guidance of mo ...
Sample pages PDF
... loop (Fig. 2.27, p. 89) [8]. This cortex is involved in tasks requiring spatial memory, concentration, planning, problem solving and the acquisition of rules [9]. In their clinical practice, neuropsychologists call these the executive functions’’ [10]. In a way, they are also what philosophers have ...
... loop (Fig. 2.27, p. 89) [8]. This cortex is involved in tasks requiring spatial memory, concentration, planning, problem solving and the acquisition of rules [9]. In their clinical practice, neuropsychologists call these the executive functions’’ [10]. In a way, they are also what philosophers have ...
The Impact of Prior Experience With Cross-Modal
... refers to the general increase in the number of action potentials measured when a second modality is presented to a cell doing MI, while depression refers to the general decrease in the number of action potentials. Meredith and Stein (1983) demonstrated that a sensory stimulus (light) presented to a ...
... refers to the general increase in the number of action potentials measured when a second modality is presented to a cell doing MI, while depression refers to the general decrease in the number of action potentials. Meredith and Stein (1983) demonstrated that a sensory stimulus (light) presented to a ...
Module 1 - Doral Academy Preparatory
... • Involves taking pictures and identifying the structures and functions of the living brain during the performance of a wide variety of mental or cognitive processes, such as thinking, planning, naming, and recognizing objects ...
... • Involves taking pictures and identifying the structures and functions of the living brain during the performance of a wide variety of mental or cognitive processes, such as thinking, planning, naming, and recognizing objects ...
the primate amygdala and reinforcement: a
... testing is performed in a Wisconsin General Test Apparatus, amygdala lesions may not produce significant deficits partly because the neutral visual stimulus is being associated with a visual stimulus with secondary reinforcing properties, the sight of food; and partly because with spaced trials, a h ...
... testing is performed in a Wisconsin General Test Apparatus, amygdala lesions may not produce significant deficits partly because the neutral visual stimulus is being associated with a visual stimulus with secondary reinforcing properties, the sight of food; and partly because with spaced trials, a h ...
The elephant brain in numbers
... we propose that cortical folding is a simple physical consequence of the expansion of a cortical surface under tension where axons are unequally distributed within the gray matter and through the white matter, regardless of the numbers of neurons that compose that surface (Mota and Herculano-Houzel, ...
... we propose that cortical folding is a simple physical consequence of the expansion of a cortical surface under tension where axons are unequally distributed within the gray matter and through the white matter, regardless of the numbers of neurons that compose that surface (Mota and Herculano-Houzel, ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.