• 1 1) The nonspecific ascending pathways ______. A) are
... 33 33) Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei? A) putamen B) lentiform nucleus C) globus pallidus D) substantia nigra Answer: D 34 34) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. A) hippocampus B) cingulate gyrus C) amygdaloid nucleus D) caudate nuc ...
... 33 33) Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei? A) putamen B) lentiform nucleus C) globus pallidus D) substantia nigra Answer: D 34 34) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. A) hippocampus B) cingulate gyrus C) amygdaloid nucleus D) caudate nuc ...
The Spatiotemporal Dynamics of Autobiographical
... memory retrieval, especially for items whose memory was accompanied by a sense of recollection (see also, Sharot et al. 2004). Addis et al. (2004) showed that the hippocampus and amygdala were modulated during retrieval by ratings of emotional intensity. However, in this study, the amygdala effects ...
... memory retrieval, especially for items whose memory was accompanied by a sense of recollection (see also, Sharot et al. 2004). Addis et al. (2004) showed that the hippocampus and amygdala were modulated during retrieval by ratings of emotional intensity. However, in this study, the amygdala effects ...
The Emergence of Rule-Use: A Dynamic Neural Field Model of... Aaron Buss ()
... dimensions (e.g., color) along one dimension and space along the other dimension. Activation peaks with the FWM fields, therefore, capture both the presence of, for example, ...
... dimensions (e.g., color) along one dimension and space along the other dimension. Activation peaks with the FWM fields, therefore, capture both the presence of, for example, ...
The Development of Neural Synchrony and Large
... perception of squares and circles in children (10–12 y), young adults (20–26 y), and older adults (70–76 y). Evoked oscillations in children were significantly reduced between 30 and 148 Hz over occipital electrodes relative to adults and did not show a modulation by the size of the stimulus. Moreov ...
... perception of squares and circles in children (10–12 y), young adults (20–26 y), and older adults (70–76 y). Evoked oscillations in children were significantly reduced between 30 and 148 Hz over occipital electrodes relative to adults and did not show a modulation by the size of the stimulus. Moreov ...
Structural changes that occur during normal aging of primate
... seem to acquire more lipofuscin than the excitatory pyramidal neurons. Also, large neurons have more lipofuscin than smaller ones, but this is not a rule, so that among the larger cortical neurons, the Meynert cells of visual cortex [27] come to contain little age pigment, while the Betz cells of mo ...
... seem to acquire more lipofuscin than the excitatory pyramidal neurons. Also, large neurons have more lipofuscin than smaller ones, but this is not a rule, so that among the larger cortical neurons, the Meynert cells of visual cortex [27] come to contain little age pigment, while the Betz cells of mo ...
Mirror neurons and the social nature of language
... 2005a, 2005b, 2006). The discovery of mirror neurons has changed our views on the relations among action perception and cognition, and has boosted a renewed interest in the neuroscientific investigation of the social aspects of primate cognition. Experiments by Umiltà et al. (2001) showed that F5 m ...
... 2005a, 2005b, 2006). The discovery of mirror neurons has changed our views on the relations among action perception and cognition, and has boosted a renewed interest in the neuroscientific investigation of the social aspects of primate cognition. Experiments by Umiltà et al. (2001) showed that F5 m ...
The Features and Functions of Neuronal Assemblies: Possible
... Signaling Mechanisms Mediating Neuronal Assemblies ...
... Signaling Mechanisms Mediating Neuronal Assemblies ...
- Princeton University
... of the biochemical signals associated with dendritic excitability (Helmchen et al., 1999; Svoboda et al., 1997), and the tracking of the activity of hundreds of neurons simultaneously (Ohki et al., 2005). However, because high-resolution imaging requires mechanical stability, all previous in vivo mo ...
... of the biochemical signals associated with dendritic excitability (Helmchen et al., 1999; Svoboda et al., 1997), and the tracking of the activity of hundreds of neurons simultaneously (Ohki et al., 2005). However, because high-resolution imaging requires mechanical stability, all previous in vivo mo ...
Race modulates neural activity during imitation
... of race. Here we measured neural activity with fMRI while European American participants imitated meaningless gestures performed by actors of their own race, and two racial outgroups, African American, and Chinese American. Participants also passively observed the actions of these actors and their p ...
... of race. Here we measured neural activity with fMRI while European American participants imitated meaningless gestures performed by actors of their own race, and two racial outgroups, African American, and Chinese American. Participants also passively observed the actions of these actors and their p ...
Normalization as a canonical neural computation
... The brain has a modular design. The advantages of modularity are well known to engineers: modules that can be replicated and cascaded, such as transistors and web servers, lie at the root of powerful technologies. The brain seems to apply this principle in two ways: with modular circuits and with mo ...
... The brain has a modular design. The advantages of modularity are well known to engineers: modules that can be replicated and cascaded, such as transistors and web servers, lie at the root of powerful technologies. The brain seems to apply this principle in two ways: with modular circuits and with mo ...
CEREBRAL CORTEX - Global Anatomy Home Page
... characterized by the complexity of symptoms. Pure sensory or motor deficits of a specific nature are rarely seen following cortical damage but, rather, sensory and motor problems tend to be combined with “higher order” dysfunctions involving thought processes, speech, emotions, or memory. This proba ...
... characterized by the complexity of symptoms. Pure sensory or motor deficits of a specific nature are rarely seen following cortical damage but, rather, sensory and motor problems tend to be combined with “higher order” dysfunctions involving thought processes, speech, emotions, or memory. This proba ...
Investigating pain networks in the spinal cord using functional MRI
... common to say that ‘pain is in the mind’ or, alternatively, that ‘pain is in the brain’. However, these two statements do not mean the same thing. Regions outside of the brain, including the brainstem region, such as periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter and the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), have b ...
... common to say that ‘pain is in the mind’ or, alternatively, that ‘pain is in the brain’. However, these two statements do not mean the same thing. Regions outside of the brain, including the brainstem region, such as periaqueductal gray (PAG) matter and the rostral ventromedial medulla (RVM), have b ...
Insula and Orbitofrontal Cortical Morphology in Substance
... Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3347 ...
... Indicates open access to non-subscribers at www.ajnr.org http://dx.doi.org/10.3174/ajnr.A3347 ...
Branched thalamic afferents - the Sherman Lab
... been applied to these and to other motor control systems, with a variety of different precise meanings attached to the terms. There have been many studies of efference copies1 in a number of different systems, often with a particular focus on visual or limb movements or cerebellar pathways (e.g. Kan ...
... been applied to these and to other motor control systems, with a variety of different precise meanings attached to the terms. There have been many studies of efference copies1 in a number of different systems, often with a particular focus on visual or limb movements or cerebellar pathways (e.g. Kan ...
doc midterm 1 chapter notes
... He defined the term reflex: An automatic, stereotyped movement that is produced as a direct result of a stimulus. He said that energy coming from an outside source would be reflected back through the nervous system to the muscles, which would contract (we of course have a different explanation for t ...
... He defined the term reflex: An automatic, stereotyped movement that is produced as a direct result of a stimulus. He said that energy coming from an outside source would be reflected back through the nervous system to the muscles, which would contract (we of course have a different explanation for t ...
Columbia`s psychology
... conditioning, suggesting that PTSD involves either different or more profound emotional dysregulation than other anxiety disorders. Direct comparisons of functional abnormalities between disorders within the context of a single study are, however, rare. Quantitative meta-analysis can help resolve th ...
... conditioning, suggesting that PTSD involves either different or more profound emotional dysregulation than other anxiety disorders. Direct comparisons of functional abnormalities between disorders within the context of a single study are, however, rare. Quantitative meta-analysis can help resolve th ...
Sensory signals during active versus passive movement
... at the level of the vestibular nuclei. (a) Activity of an example VO neuron (gray-filled trace) during passive whole-body rotation. In this condition, only vestibular inputs are available to the central nervous system and there is no motor efference copy signal because the monkey does not actively m ...
... at the level of the vestibular nuclei. (a) Activity of an example VO neuron (gray-filled trace) during passive whole-body rotation. In this condition, only vestibular inputs are available to the central nervous system and there is no motor efference copy signal because the monkey does not actively m ...
The dynamic spatio-temporal behavior of visual responses in
... The primary visual pathway consists of three substructures: retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, which is a part of the thalamus, and the visual cortex with its many different areas. All these structures are connected by afferent fibers and the hierarchical arrangement, which dominates the first leve ...
... The primary visual pathway consists of three substructures: retina, lateral geniculate nucleus, which is a part of the thalamus, and the visual cortex with its many different areas. All these structures are connected by afferent fibers and the hierarchical arrangement, which dominates the first leve ...
Changes in Resting State Effective Connectivity in the Motor
... indicating how strongly each region is correlated with the seed region. Seed analyses have been used widely in the functional connectivity literature, for example, to dissociate activity of Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas during overt speech, silent speech, and tongue movement.8 Seed analyses are by na ...
... indicating how strongly each region is correlated with the seed region. Seed analyses have been used widely in the functional connectivity literature, for example, to dissociate activity of Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas during overt speech, silent speech, and tongue movement.8 Seed analyses are by na ...
Optical probing of neuronal ensemble activity
... or second messenger concentrations) dynamically change as well and may significantly influence network dynamics [2]. To understand the principles of microcircuit operation we need to identify coactive ensembles within local neuronal populations and reveal their dynamic properties when they are perfo ...
... or second messenger concentrations) dynamically change as well and may significantly influence network dynamics [2]. To understand the principles of microcircuit operation we need to identify coactive ensembles within local neuronal populations and reveal their dynamic properties when they are perfo ...
Neural Networks, Fuzzy Models and Dynamic Logic. Chapter in R
... mathematical theories of the mind where proposed before the necessary physical intuition of how the mind works was developed. Newton, as often mentioned, did not consider himself as evaluating various hypotheses about the working of the material world, he felt that he possesses what we call today a ...
... mathematical theories of the mind where proposed before the necessary physical intuition of how the mind works was developed. Newton, as often mentioned, did not consider himself as evaluating various hypotheses about the working of the material world, he felt that he possesses what we call today a ...
When Is an Adolescent an Adult? - Waisman Laboratory for Brain
... alpha of less than .01 to determine statistical significance. All analyses were performed on the data from the 110 subjects with usable imaging and behavioral data. We examined responses to the debriefing questions and the SCR data to assess the efficacy of our emotionalstate manipulation. A 1-Hz fi ...
... alpha of less than .01 to determine statistical significance. All analyses were performed on the data from the 110 subjects with usable imaging and behavioral data. We examined responses to the debriefing questions and the SCR data to assess the efficacy of our emotionalstate manipulation. A 1-Hz fi ...
H1 - Brian Whitworth
... analyze itself? • Each person, or self, has a concept of themselves - how can a self form a concept of itself? • The human brain seems to satisfy a system specification that is impossible ...
... analyze itself? • Each person, or self, has a concept of themselves - how can a self form a concept of itself? • The human brain seems to satisfy a system specification that is impossible ...
STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION OF VISUAL AREA MT
... cortical inputs that appear lesser in magnitude (V3A, VP, PIP) as well as many subcortical inputs. The sources of the direct and indirect projections from V1 are probably not defined purely by cell morphology (i.e., spiny stellate versus pyramidal; see Elston & Rosa 1997), though they are largely dis ...
... cortical inputs that appear lesser in magnitude (V3A, VP, PIP) as well as many subcortical inputs. The sources of the direct and indirect projections from V1 are probably not defined purely by cell morphology (i.e., spiny stellate versus pyramidal; see Elston & Rosa 1997), though they are largely dis ...
Brain and effort: brain activation and effort-related working
... 2002, 2003; Engström et al., 2009). These problems involving working memory and attention take place in the context of preserved general cognitive capacity and—which is of particular importance—intact performance on less demanding shortterm memory tasks, such as repetition of digits and letters (Eng ...
... 2002, 2003; Engström et al., 2009). These problems involving working memory and attention take place in the context of preserved general cognitive capacity and—which is of particular importance—intact performance on less demanding shortterm memory tasks, such as repetition of digits and letters (Eng ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.