Form representation in monkey inferotemporal cortex is virtually
... Two monkeys performed a form-recognition task. They were required to make a different response (saccade) for each of four target stimuli (Fig. 1). The targets were designed so that they could be discriminated only using the central retina (that is, within 2–3 degrees eccentricity). The recognition t ...
... Two monkeys performed a form-recognition task. They were required to make a different response (saccade) for each of four target stimuli (Fig. 1). The targets were designed so that they could be discriminated only using the central retina (that is, within 2–3 degrees eccentricity). The recognition t ...
The cerebrocerebellar system: anatomic substrates of the cerebellar
... The contribution of the cerebellum to the modulation of cognition and emotion is facilitated by the connections between the cerebellum and brain structures known to be associated with a wide array of non-motor behaviors. The cerebellum has interconnections with brainstem and thalamic reticular syste ...
... The contribution of the cerebellum to the modulation of cognition and emotion is facilitated by the connections between the cerebellum and brain structures known to be associated with a wide array of non-motor behaviors. The cerebellum has interconnections with brainstem and thalamic reticular syste ...
Grade 7 ELA Module 4A, Unit 1, Lesson 2
... useful to Dr. Jensen and her sons. Listen for them to say it helped Dr. Jensen realize there was a scientific explanation for her sons’ behavior. It also helped her sons understand why certain behaviors (like taking drugs and staying up all night) are counterproductive for a teenager. Press students ...
... useful to Dr. Jensen and her sons. Listen for them to say it helped Dr. Jensen realize there was a scientific explanation for her sons’ behavior. It also helped her sons understand why certain behaviors (like taking drugs and staying up all night) are counterproductive for a teenager. Press students ...
Changes in muscle coordination with training
... greater increases in torque than equivalent changes in the firing rate of cells that project to the extensor muscles (15). This is also consistent with the observation that a smaller proportion of flexor motor units must be activated to produce a given level of force (53). It can thus be said that t ...
... greater increases in torque than equivalent changes in the firing rate of cells that project to the extensor muscles (15). This is also consistent with the observation that a smaller proportion of flexor motor units must be activated to produce a given level of force (53). It can thus be said that t ...
Grade 7 ELA Module 4A, Unit 1, Lesson 2
... useful to Dr. Jensen and her sons. Listen for them to say it helped Dr. Jensen realize there was a scientific explanation for her sons’ behavior. It also helped her sons understand why certain behaviors (like taking drugs and staying up all night) are counterproductive for a teenager. Press students ...
... useful to Dr. Jensen and her sons. Listen for them to say it helped Dr. Jensen realize there was a scientific explanation for her sons’ behavior. It also helped her sons understand why certain behaviors (like taking drugs and staying up all night) are counterproductive for a teenager. Press students ...
Review Energy limitation as a selective pressure on the evolution of
... are equally applicable throughout the nervous system. Examples are taken from a wide range of sensory modalities in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We aim to place the studies we review into an evolutionary framework. We combine experimentally determined measures of energy consumption from whole ...
... are equally applicable throughout the nervous system. Examples are taken from a wide range of sensory modalities in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We aim to place the studies we review into an evolutionary framework. We combine experimentally determined measures of energy consumption from whole ...
Corticothalamic feedback and sensory processing
... markedly modified by feedback from the activated regions of cortex. The activation of a particular region of cortex leads to an initial assessment that the BF of that area of cortex is present in the sensory signal. By amplifying the responses of thalamic neurons that best encode the predicted signa ...
... markedly modified by feedback from the activated regions of cortex. The activation of a particular region of cortex leads to an initial assessment that the BF of that area of cortex is present in the sensory signal. By amplifying the responses of thalamic neurons that best encode the predicted signa ...
Viewpoint - Columbia University
... vying for our attention. In the face of this complexity, we must reliably shift our loci of attention over time to achieve our goals. Furthermore, we continually receive noisy sensory cues about objects in the world. We must reliably integrate such noisy evidence over time in order to make perceptua ...
... vying for our attention. In the face of this complexity, we must reliably shift our loci of attention over time to achieve our goals. Furthermore, we continually receive noisy sensory cues about objects in the world. We must reliably integrate such noisy evidence over time in order to make perceptua ...
FREE Sample Here
... Your students may find the presence of a chapter on “biology” puzzling in a psychology textbook. An effective lead off for the chapter is to point out our tendency to take for granted the integrity and normal functioning of the nervous system. Only when there is damage through stroke, disease, or br ...
... Your students may find the presence of a chapter on “biology” puzzling in a psychology textbook. An effective lead off for the chapter is to point out our tendency to take for granted the integrity and normal functioning of the nervous system. Only when there is damage through stroke, disease, or br ...
cerebral and gastric histamine system is altered after portocaval shunt
... We have confirmed here that portocaval shunt in the rat is associated with an enhanced histamine synthesis in brain and gastric mucosa resulting in the high tissue amine concentration. In brain it is related to better HDC saturation with L-histidine (6); in stomach it is due to ECL cell proliferatio ...
... We have confirmed here that portocaval shunt in the rat is associated with an enhanced histamine synthesis in brain and gastric mucosa resulting in the high tissue amine concentration. In brain it is related to better HDC saturation with L-histidine (6); in stomach it is due to ECL cell proliferatio ...
Effects of the Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Antagonist MCPG
... release of intracellular calcium stores (Berridge, 1984). Thus, it has been suggested that differences in the pattern or amount of mGluR-mediated PI turnover might account for the quantitative differences in synaptic plasticity at different ages (Dudek and Bear, 1989; Bear and Dudek, 1991). Mechanis ...
... release of intracellular calcium stores (Berridge, 1984). Thus, it has been suggested that differences in the pattern or amount of mGluR-mediated PI turnover might account for the quantitative differences in synaptic plasticity at different ages (Dudek and Bear, 1989; Bear and Dudek, 1991). Mechanis ...
Impulsivity-related brain volume deficits in schizophrenia
... common. Approximately 50% of these patients fulfil the criteria for both schizophrenia and substance use disorder over their lifetime (Regier et al., 1990). However, persisting comorbid substance abuse is associated with a negative outcome. This includes an overall reduced quality of life, more freq ...
... common. Approximately 50% of these patients fulfil the criteria for both schizophrenia and substance use disorder over their lifetime (Regier et al., 1990). However, persisting comorbid substance abuse is associated with a negative outcome. This includes an overall reduced quality of life, more freq ...
The Motor System of the Cortex and the Brain Stem
... Neurons in the motor cortex are sensitive to forces that are involved in making a reaching movement Slide 5. Cells in PMv as a population appear to encode a movement in terms of a displacement vector with respect to the hand. Such cells are rare in the primary motor cortex (M1). In M1, most cells ch ...
... Neurons in the motor cortex are sensitive to forces that are involved in making a reaching movement Slide 5. Cells in PMv as a population appear to encode a movement in terms of a displacement vector with respect to the hand. Such cells are rare in the primary motor cortex (M1). In M1, most cells ch ...
FREE Sample Here
... Their operation has not been fully understood by researchers. Plasticity The brain can adapt or modify itself, a process known as plasticity. Plasticity helps to account for the brain’s ability to compensate for injury. It also accounts for the human ability to adapt to our experiences. C. B ...
... Their operation has not been fully understood by researchers. Plasticity The brain can adapt or modify itself, a process known as plasticity. Plasticity helps to account for the brain’s ability to compensate for injury. It also accounts for the human ability to adapt to our experiences. C. B ...
to receive a reprint - Institute for Learning and Brain Sciences
... syntactic complexity) across conditions than did lower capacity readers. Higher capacity readers also showed better maintenance of or increase in synchronization of activation between brain regions as tasks became more demanding. Larger vocabulary was associated with more efficient use of cortical r ...
... syntactic complexity) across conditions than did lower capacity readers. Higher capacity readers also showed better maintenance of or increase in synchronization of activation between brain regions as tasks became more demanding. Larger vocabulary was associated with more efficient use of cortical r ...
Neural Correlates of Object-Associated Choice Behavior
... the neuronal firing patterns associated with the correct and error trials were significantly different from each another while holding either the object or the choice factor constant. For example, the trials associated with the toy category were sorted into correct and error trial types (associated ...
... the neuronal firing patterns associated with the correct and error trials were significantly different from each another while holding either the object or the choice factor constant. For example, the trials associated with the toy category were sorted into correct and error trial types (associated ...
Extended PDF
... To further investigate which region predominantly drove participants’ perceptual localization responses, we decoded the reported signal location from fMRI activation patterns while accounting for the physical signal location and visual reliability. IPS3–4 showed the greatest and selectively signific ...
... To further investigate which region predominantly drove participants’ perceptual localization responses, we decoded the reported signal location from fMRI activation patterns while accounting for the physical signal location and visual reliability. IPS3–4 showed the greatest and selectively signific ...
Ventral Intraparietal Area of the Macaque: Anatomic Location and
... area with visual properties similar to those in area MT. We report here the existence of such an area and describe its motion-selective response properties. We refer to this area as the physiologically defined VIP. In the present study we examined visual and oculomotor properties of neurons in VIP w ...
... area with visual properties similar to those in area MT. We report here the existence of such an area and describe its motion-selective response properties. We refer to this area as the physiologically defined VIP. In the present study we examined visual and oculomotor properties of neurons in VIP w ...
Functional Clustering Drives Encoding Improvement in a
... . These authors contributed equally to this work. ...
... . These authors contributed equally to this work. ...
Relationship between muscle output and functional MRI
... a 30-s rest was provided between contractions. Five subjects performed the five levels in ascending order and the other five subjects in descending order. The purpose of recording the EMG data at the five levels of force outside the MRI room was to compare the EMG signal recorded without the influen ...
... a 30-s rest was provided between contractions. Five subjects performed the five levels in ascending order and the other five subjects in descending order. The purpose of recording the EMG data at the five levels of force outside the MRI room was to compare the EMG signal recorded without the influen ...
Human Economic Choice as Costly Information Processing
... to press a left button to indicate that the number is less than 55 and a right button to indicate that the number is greater than 55. An interpretation of the process is as follows. The human brain forms a spatial representation of numerical magnitudes. A comparison stimulus is presented on a scree ...
... to press a left button to indicate that the number is less than 55 and a right button to indicate that the number is greater than 55. An interpretation of the process is as follows. The human brain forms a spatial representation of numerical magnitudes. A comparison stimulus is presented on a scree ...
- Stem-cell and Brain Research Institute
... A central issue in cognitive neuroscience today concerns how distributed neural networks in the brain that are used in language learning and processing can be involved in non-linguistic cognitive sequence learning. This issue is informed by a wealth of functional neurophysiology studies of sentence ...
... A central issue in cognitive neuroscience today concerns how distributed neural networks in the brain that are used in language learning and processing can be involved in non-linguistic cognitive sequence learning. This issue is informed by a wealth of functional neurophysiology studies of sentence ...
Organization of the Macaque Extrastriate Visual Cortex Re
... monkey extrastriate cortex organized? Is vision divisible into separate tasks, such as object recognition and spatial processing, each emphasized in a different anatomical stream? If so, how many streams exist? What are the hierarchical relationships among areas? The present study approached the org ...
... monkey extrastriate cortex organized? Is vision divisible into separate tasks, such as object recognition and spatial processing, each emphasized in a different anatomical stream? If so, how many streams exist? What are the hierarchical relationships among areas? The present study approached the org ...
Organization of the Macaque Extrastriate Visual Cortex Re
... monkey extrastriate cortex organized? Is vision divisible into separate tasks, such as object recognition and spatial processing, each emphasized in a different anatomical stream? If so, how many streams exist? What are the hierarchical relationships among areas? The present study approached the org ...
... monkey extrastriate cortex organized? Is vision divisible into separate tasks, such as object recognition and spatial processing, each emphasized in a different anatomical stream? If so, how many streams exist? What are the hierarchical relationships among areas? The present study approached the org ...
• 1 1) The nonspecific ascending pathways ______. A) are
... 33 33) Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei? A) putamen B) lentiform nucleus C) globus pallidus D) substantia nigra Answer: D 34 34) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. A) hippocampus B) cingulate gyrus C) amygdaloid nucleus D) caudate nuc ...
... 33 33) Which of the following is not part of the basal nuclei? A) putamen B) lentiform nucleus C) globus pallidus D) substantia nigra Answer: D 34 34) All of the following are structures of the limbic system except the ________. A) hippocampus B) cingulate gyrus C) amygdaloid nucleus D) caudate nuc ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.