lecture 13 - McLoon Lab - University of Minnesota
... The reticular nucleus inhibits the output of other thalamic nuclei. Gating is an important way to attenuate the flow of information when it is not needed such as during sleep or when concentrating on one thing for which other information would be distracting ...
... The reticular nucleus inhibits the output of other thalamic nuclei. Gating is an important way to attenuate the flow of information when it is not needed such as during sleep or when concentrating on one thing for which other information would be distracting ...
…By the way, where is the fornix???
... …By the way, where is the fornix??? Introduction to gross neuroanatomy Marco L. Loggia, PhD Brigham and Women’s Hospital (Anesthesiology) Mass General Hospital (Psychiatry) Harvard Medical School ...
... …By the way, where is the fornix??? Introduction to gross neuroanatomy Marco L. Loggia, PhD Brigham and Women’s Hospital (Anesthesiology) Mass General Hospital (Psychiatry) Harvard Medical School ...
PDF
... Abnormalities induced by tissue trauma in brain slices are exacerbated by several additional factors. The lack of blood flow in slices dramatically changes the way energy substrates and oxygen are delivered to cells. Energy substrates and O2 are instead supplied exogenously by artificial extracellular ...
... Abnormalities induced by tissue trauma in brain slices are exacerbated by several additional factors. The lack of blood flow in slices dramatically changes the way energy substrates and oxygen are delivered to cells. Energy substrates and O2 are instead supplied exogenously by artificial extracellular ...
Cerebellum: Movement Regulation and Cognitive Functions
... regulate higher cerebral processes, processes that plan complex movements and processes that participate in cognition and thinking. These recent discoveries make it clear that the cerebellum does much more than regulate movement. ...
... regulate higher cerebral processes, processes that plan complex movements and processes that participate in cognition and thinking. These recent discoveries make it clear that the cerebellum does much more than regulate movement. ...
Cortical modulation of pain
... the literature, Peyron et al. [23] found that for 30 experiments (from 24 studies) on somatic pain, significant SI activation was observed in 15 (63% of cases), but no significant change in the 9 other studies (46%). Despite the inconsistency of findings, it seems that some neurons in SI cortex are ...
... the literature, Peyron et al. [23] found that for 30 experiments (from 24 studies) on somatic pain, significant SI activation was observed in 15 (63% of cases), but no significant change in the 9 other studies (46%). Despite the inconsistency of findings, it seems that some neurons in SI cortex are ...
Lissencephaly - Cambridge University Press
... lissencephaly. The other affected infants are said to have been "just the same". neuronal migration, with production of a four-layered cortex similar to that of a 50-100 mm. foetus (Hanaway et a l . , 1968). It has been suggested that factors intrinsic or extrinsic to the neurons could cause such a ...
... lissencephaly. The other affected infants are said to have been "just the same". neuronal migration, with production of a four-layered cortex similar to that of a 50-100 mm. foetus (Hanaway et a l . , 1968). It has been suggested that factors intrinsic or extrinsic to the neurons could cause such a ...
The Number of Cortical Neurons Used to See
... participants were aged 16 to 17 years old. They and their parents gave informed written consent, as approved by the New York University review board. They all had 20/20 vision or altered to 20/20 vision and were fluent in English. What to do for each task was explained to each participant: 1) choose ...
... participants were aged 16 to 17 years old. They and their parents gave informed written consent, as approved by the New York University review board. They all had 20/20 vision or altered to 20/20 vision and were fluent in English. What to do for each task was explained to each participant: 1) choose ...
Modulation of attentional inhibition by norepinephrine and cortisol
... Two of the most salient physiological responses to stress are increased norepinephrine ŽNE. and cortisol ŽCORT. activities. However, it is unclear how these neurochemical events affect cognition, especially attention. We examined the effects of mild psychological stress on selective attention, as as ...
... Two of the most salient physiological responses to stress are increased norepinephrine ŽNE. and cortisol ŽCORT. activities. However, it is unclear how these neurochemical events affect cognition, especially attention. We examined the effects of mild psychological stress on selective attention, as as ...
Evolution of the Size and Functional Areas of the Human Brain
... research in each of these areas: (a) general patterns of brain evolution, (b) comparative assessment of brain anatomy across species, (c) the fossil history of human-brain evolution, and (d ) brain structure/function relationships. This review focuses on trying to understand evolutionary changes in ...
... research in each of these areas: (a) general patterns of brain evolution, (b) comparative assessment of brain anatomy across species, (c) the fossil history of human-brain evolution, and (d ) brain structure/function relationships. This review focuses on trying to understand evolutionary changes in ...
Brain Gate
... treating prostheses controlled by implants as natural limbs. With recent advances in technology and knowledge, pioneering researchers could now conceivably attempt to produce BCIs that augment human functions rather than simply restoring them, previously only the realm of science fiction. ...
... treating prostheses controlled by implants as natural limbs. With recent advances in technology and knowledge, pioneering researchers could now conceivably attempt to produce BCIs that augment human functions rather than simply restoring them, previously only the realm of science fiction. ...
Neural computations associated with goal-directed choice
... (a) Illustration of the main components of the diffusion model of perceptual decision-making. Evidence E in favor of a decision can be strong (black) or weak (gray) and is integrated over time. A decision is made when a common threshold is reached. (b) Illustration of the main components of the urge ...
... (a) Illustration of the main components of the diffusion model of perceptual decision-making. Evidence E in favor of a decision can be strong (black) or weak (gray) and is integrated over time. A decision is made when a common threshold is reached. (b) Illustration of the main components of the urge ...
A Counter Based Connectionist Model of Animal Timing - APT
... The presence of such data would allow one to make ...
... The presence of such data would allow one to make ...
Motion Perception, Psychology of - The School of Life Sciences at
... striking visual illusion now known as the motion after-effect (or MAE). The philosopher Aristotle noticed that if he stood in the middle of a river, and directed his gaze down at the fast-flowing water for a short time, when he shifted his gaze towards the riverbank the stationary scene appeared to ...
... striking visual illusion now known as the motion after-effect (or MAE). The philosopher Aristotle noticed that if he stood in the middle of a river, and directed his gaze down at the fast-flowing water for a short time, when he shifted his gaze towards the riverbank the stationary scene appeared to ...
Integrating Optogenetic and Pharmacological Approaches to Study
... optogenetic manipulations. Although neural circuit function is temporally modulated over a range of time intervals, the moment-to-moment processing of sensory cues and adaptive behavioral responses are mediated by rapid electrical and synaptic signals that occur on a millisecond timescale. Therefore ...
... optogenetic manipulations. Although neural circuit function is temporally modulated over a range of time intervals, the moment-to-moment processing of sensory cues and adaptive behavioral responses are mediated by rapid electrical and synaptic signals that occur on a millisecond timescale. Therefore ...
BRAIN Response inhibition and serotonin in autism: depletion
... neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, which are implicated in the condition. However, this has never been tested directly. We therefore assessed the modifying role of serotonin on inhibitory brain function during a Go/No-Go task in 14 adults with autism and normal intelligence and 14 control subject ...
... neurotransmitters, such as serotonin, which are implicated in the condition. However, this has never been tested directly. We therefore assessed the modifying role of serotonin on inhibitory brain function during a Go/No-Go task in 14 adults with autism and normal intelligence and 14 control subject ...
Listening to Narrative Speech after Aphasic
... language comprehension only mildly, but the effects of recurrent left temporal lobe seizures on normal language organization limits the inferences that can be made (Janzsky et al., 2003). In contrast, patients with the temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia commonly known as semantic dementia ( ...
... language comprehension only mildly, but the effects of recurrent left temporal lobe seizures on normal language organization limits the inferences that can be made (Janzsky et al., 2003). In contrast, patients with the temporal variant of frontotemporal dementia commonly known as semantic dementia ( ...
The aging brain: The cognitive reserve hypothesis
... therein) emphasizes the trade-off between energetic investment in reproduction versus somatic maintenance. Obviously, organisms must devote resources to somatic maintenance and repair, but ultimately, investment in reproduction relatively early in the lifespan will have greater fitness payoffs than ...
... therein) emphasizes the trade-off between energetic investment in reproduction versus somatic maintenance. Obviously, organisms must devote resources to somatic maintenance and repair, but ultimately, investment in reproduction relatively early in the lifespan will have greater fitness payoffs than ...
lmmunohistochemical Localization of Neuronal Nicotinic Receptors
... ganglion cell dendrites. Distinct immunolabeling was also observed over the optic nerve and tract, and denselabeling occurred in all but oneregion innervated by retinal ganglioncellsthe dorsal and ventral lateral geniculatenucleus,nucleusof the optic tract, and olivary nucleusofthe pretectal region, ...
... ganglion cell dendrites. Distinct immunolabeling was also observed over the optic nerve and tract, and denselabeling occurred in all but oneregion innervated by retinal ganglioncellsthe dorsal and ventral lateral geniculatenucleus,nucleusof the optic tract, and olivary nucleusofthe pretectal region, ...
Remapping of Border Ownership in the Visual Cortex
... We see objects as having continuity although the retinal image changes frequently. How such continuity is achieved is hard to understand, because neurons in the visual cortex have small receptive fields that are fixed on the retina, which means that a different set of neurons is activated every time ...
... We see objects as having continuity although the retinal image changes frequently. How such continuity is achieved is hard to understand, because neurons in the visual cortex have small receptive fields that are fixed on the retina, which means that a different set of neurons is activated every time ...
Laboratory Guide - Sites@Duke
... future studies of human neuroanatomy will provide the framework needed to understand cognitive neuroscience more generally, and to interpret data derived from the various means that you may employ to gain new knowledge of brain organization and function more particularly. So how should you approach ...
... future studies of human neuroanatomy will provide the framework needed to understand cognitive neuroscience more generally, and to interpret data derived from the various means that you may employ to gain new knowledge of brain organization and function more particularly. So how should you approach ...
Last Lecture http://www.umich.edu/~psycours/345/
... • Optic radiations to • AREA 17; Striate Cortex, Primary visual cortex Retinotopic Map ...
... • Optic radiations to • AREA 17; Striate Cortex, Primary visual cortex Retinotopic Map ...
University of Groningen Ascending projections from spinal
... research, is to learn more about the human central nervous system, possibly contributing to solutions for disease. Although research techniques have been developed to study the living human brain, such as electro encephalograms (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resona ...
... research, is to learn more about the human central nervous system, possibly contributing to solutions for disease. Although research techniques have been developed to study the living human brain, such as electro encephalograms (EEG), positron emission tomography (PET) and functional magnetic resona ...
An Extended Model for Stimulus Onset Asynchrony (SOA) in Stroop
... a target, while that from another dimension (word) becomes a distractor. The control-condition cards were the same as the experimental cards except that the text was replaced with colored blocks. The results showed that there was a significant (almost twice) difference in response time per item in t ...
... a target, while that from another dimension (word) becomes a distractor. The control-condition cards were the same as the experimental cards except that the text was replaced with colored blocks. The results showed that there was a significant (almost twice) difference in response time per item in t ...
Diffusion-Weighted MR Imaging in Brain Tumor
... fiber orientation along the three orthogonal spatial axes. The precise determination of the margins of the tumor is of the utmost importance to the management of brain tumors. The goal of a surgical approach to the brain neoplasm is the complete resection of the tumor, coupled with minimum neurologi ...
... fiber orientation along the three orthogonal spatial axes. The precise determination of the margins of the tumor is of the utmost importance to the management of brain tumors. The goal of a surgical approach to the brain neoplasm is the complete resection of the tumor, coupled with minimum neurologi ...
the brain - Medical Research Council
... Some people take this theory even further, believing that people tend to be either more ‘left-brained’ (better at maths and language and more rational and analytical) or ‘right-brained’ (more creative, emotional and more likely to take risks). But these are vast generalisations – the only way a pers ...
... Some people take this theory even further, believing that people tend to be either more ‘left-brained’ (better at maths and language and more rational and analytical) or ‘right-brained’ (more creative, emotional and more likely to take risks). But these are vast generalisations – the only way a pers ...
Neuroesthetics
Neuroesthetics (or neuroaesthetics) is a relatively recent sub-discipline of empirical aesthetics. Empirical aesthetics takes a scientific approach to the study of aesthetic perceptions of art and music. Neuroesthetics received its formal definition in 2002 as the scientific study of the neural bases for the contemplation and creation of a work of art. Neuroesthetics uses neuroscience to explain and understand the aesthetic experiences at the neurological level. The topic attracts scholars from many disciplines including neuroscientists, art historians, artists, and psychologists.