White matter tract alterations in fragile X
... neurons, and is highly expressed throughout the fetal and adult human brain [Devys et al., 1993; Hinds et al., 1993; Feng et al., 1997; Tamanini et al., 1997; Agulhon et al., 1999]. Within neurons, FMRP is found primarily in the perikaryon, in dendrites of all calibers, and in synapses [Devys et al. ...
... neurons, and is highly expressed throughout the fetal and adult human brain [Devys et al., 1993; Hinds et al., 1993; Feng et al., 1997; Tamanini et al., 1997; Agulhon et al., 1999]. Within neurons, FMRP is found primarily in the perikaryon, in dendrites of all calibers, and in synapses [Devys et al. ...
Connection Patterns Distinguish 3 Regions of Human Parietal Cortex
... Neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been employed in attempts to identify human parietal regions with similar functional characteristics, but aspects of comparative anatomical organization remain unclear (Corbetta and Shulman 2002; Fink and Grefkes 2005) ...
... Neuroimaging techniques such as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) have been employed in attempts to identify human parietal regions with similar functional characteristics, but aspects of comparative anatomical organization remain unclear (Corbetta and Shulman 2002; Fink and Grefkes 2005) ...
Chapter 2 - Monsignor Farrell High School
... © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
... © 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved. ...
Through the looking glass: counter
... exclude low-frequency artefacts. After preprocessing, statistical analysis was carried out using the general linear model (Friston et al., 1995). Each observation trial was modelled by a standard haemodynamic response function. Execution trials (from the onset of action instructions to cessation of ...
... exclude low-frequency artefacts. After preprocessing, statistical analysis was carried out using the general linear model (Friston et al., 1995). Each observation trial was modelled by a standard haemodynamic response function. Execution trials (from the onset of action instructions to cessation of ...
Goals of Explaining Brain Functions Underlying Anxiety Disorders
... Cognitive Interventions in a “Whole Brain” Approach • Cognitive interventions are targeting the cortex • We have the most control over this part of our brain and can impact it if we work at it. • The interventions don’t directly change the amygdala’s functioning– once activated, the amygdala cannot ...
... Cognitive Interventions in a “Whole Brain” Approach • Cognitive interventions are targeting the cortex • We have the most control over this part of our brain and can impact it if we work at it. • The interventions don’t directly change the amygdala’s functioning– once activated, the amygdala cannot ...
Winstanley et al. - Rudolf Cardinal
... Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom ...
... Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Cambridge, Downing Site, Cambridge CB2 3EB, United Kingdom ...
Anatomical Changes in Human Motor Cortex and Motor Pathways
... of corticospinal neurons (Ganchrow and Bernstein 1985; Tetzlaff et al. 1994; Hains et al. 2003) as well as changes in synaptic spine density and neuronal morphology (Kim et al. 2006). Indeed, the controversy surrounding whether SCI results in neuronal death within M1 may be due partly to technical i ...
... of corticospinal neurons (Ganchrow and Bernstein 1985; Tetzlaff et al. 1994; Hains et al. 2003) as well as changes in synaptic spine density and neuronal morphology (Kim et al. 2006). Indeed, the controversy surrounding whether SCI results in neuronal death within M1 may be due partly to technical i ...
The Cytoarchitectonic Map of Constantin von Economo and Georg N
... 1926 upon meeting Koskinas: “The work of von Economo and Koskinas is monumental and constitutes a milestone of science, charting new paths for understanding the brain from an anatomical, physiological and pathological viewpoint. It stands as the first comprehensive reference on the architecture of t ...
... 1926 upon meeting Koskinas: “The work of von Economo and Koskinas is monumental and constitutes a milestone of science, charting new paths for understanding the brain from an anatomical, physiological and pathological viewpoint. It stands as the first comprehensive reference on the architecture of t ...
Age-related changes in processing speed: unique contributions of
... A large number of cognitive processes are involved in processing speed tasks. Processing speed was operationally defined in this study as (1) perceptual and motor processing speed using tasks that place limited demands on working memory and inhibition of responses, as well as (2) executive processin ...
... A large number of cognitive processes are involved in processing speed tasks. Processing speed was operationally defined in this study as (1) perceptual and motor processing speed using tasks that place limited demands on working memory and inhibition of responses, as well as (2) executive processin ...
Neural correlates of positive and negative performance feedback in
... about how his behavior is perceived, realized and experienced by another person. Thereby, feedback includes information about the results, effects and consequences which may be useful if someone has to do appropriate adjustments of his own behavior. With regard to aging it is important to know if bo ...
... about how his behavior is perceived, realized and experienced by another person. Thereby, feedback includes information about the results, effects and consequences which may be useful if someone has to do appropriate adjustments of his own behavior. With regard to aging it is important to know if bo ...
Looking Through the Lens of Individual Differences: Relationships
... The study of individual differences in cognitive abilities and personality traits has the potential to inform our understanding of how the processing mechanisms underlying different behaviors are organized. In the current set of studies, we applied an individual-differences approach to the study of ...
... The study of individual differences in cognitive abilities and personality traits has the potential to inform our understanding of how the processing mechanisms underlying different behaviors are organized. In the current set of studies, we applied an individual-differences approach to the study of ...
C6.4 PPT - Destiny High School
... • Describe the location, structures, and functions of the diencephalon, or interbrain. • Describe the location, structures, and functions of the brain stem. • Explain the role of the cerebellum. • Identify the membranes that comprise the meninges and explain their purposes. • Describe how the capill ...
... • Describe the location, structures, and functions of the diencephalon, or interbrain. • Describe the location, structures, and functions of the brain stem. • Explain the role of the cerebellum. • Identify the membranes that comprise the meninges and explain their purposes. • Describe how the capill ...
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity
... et al., 2008). These results suggest that the vibrotactile stimulus elicited a very different cortical response in ASD individuals. The interpretation proposed was that local functional connectivity is reduced in the somatosensory cortex in ASD. The cortical response to a vibrotactile stimulus has b ...
... et al., 2008). These results suggest that the vibrotactile stimulus elicited a very different cortical response in ASD individuals. The interpretation proposed was that local functional connectivity is reduced in the somatosensory cortex in ASD. The cortical response to a vibrotactile stimulus has b ...
Why is parkinsonism not a feature of human methamphetamine users?
... dopamine neuron or only with loss of expression of dopaminergic markers therein (for discussion see below and Harvey et al., 2000b). Since the discovery that MA is harmful to brain dopamine nerve terminals in animals, by causing either short-term or persistent loss of dopamine, there has been a publ ...
... dopamine neuron or only with loss of expression of dopaminergic markers therein (for discussion see below and Harvey et al., 2000b). Since the discovery that MA is harmful to brain dopamine nerve terminals in animals, by causing either short-term or persistent loss of dopamine, there has been a publ ...
Insights into Rapid Modulation of Neuroplasticity by Brain Estrogens
... circuits and thus contributes to cognitive function. The effects of estrogens on cognitive function are of significant interest because of evidence that estrogens may delay the onset or ameliorate the severity of a number of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as schizophrenia, anxiety ...
... circuits and thus contributes to cognitive function. The effects of estrogens on cognitive function are of significant interest because of evidence that estrogens may delay the onset or ameliorate the severity of a number of psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, such as schizophrenia, anxiety ...
Appetitive associative learning recruits a distinct
... Image J software (NIH) the images were stacked and transformed to 8-bit grayscale. After the cell group of interest was identified, either nuclear borders were drawn or a rectangular template was placed on the thionin-stained section, and automated counting was performed on the adjacent Fos-stained s ...
... Image J software (NIH) the images were stacked and transformed to 8-bit grayscale. After the cell group of interest was identified, either nuclear borders were drawn or a rectangular template was placed on the thionin-stained section, and automated counting was performed on the adjacent Fos-stained s ...
Central mechanisms regulating coordinated cardiovascular and
... activity, and respiratory activity. Furthermore, c-Fos expression occurs only after sustained stimulation of neurons and so this method cannot be used to identify cell populations activated by brief alerting stimuli. Nevertheless, even though many questions remain unanswered, recent studies have pro ...
... activity, and respiratory activity. Furthermore, c-Fos expression occurs only after sustained stimulation of neurons and so this method cannot be used to identify cell populations activated by brief alerting stimuli. Nevertheless, even though many questions remain unanswered, recent studies have pro ...
The Brain, Consciousness, and the Afterlife
... derivative from consciousness. We cannot get behind consciousness. Everything that we talk about, everything that we regard as existing, postulates consciousness.” [81] The pursuit to determine the nature of human consciousness has been a focus of study by scientists from the fields of neuroscience, ...
... derivative from consciousness. We cannot get behind consciousness. Everything that we talk about, everything that we regard as existing, postulates consciousness.” [81] The pursuit to determine the nature of human consciousness has been a focus of study by scientists from the fields of neuroscience, ...
Nucleus Basalis and Thalamic Control of Neocortical Activity in the
... Animals and surgery. The subjects of these experiments were 24 female Fischer 344 (2-l 5 month) and 42 female Sprague-Dawley (3-10 month) rats. Surgery was performed under deep anesthesia induced by a mixture (4 ml/kg) of ketamine (25 mg/ml), rompun (1.3 mg/ml), and acepromazine (0.25 m&ml). The rat ...
... Animals and surgery. The subjects of these experiments were 24 female Fischer 344 (2-l 5 month) and 42 female Sprague-Dawley (3-10 month) rats. Surgery was performed under deep anesthesia induced by a mixture (4 ml/kg) of ketamine (25 mg/ml), rompun (1.3 mg/ml), and acepromazine (0.25 m&ml). The rat ...
What in the brain tells us that this is pain - HAL
... Abstract To be considered specific for nociception, a cortical region should (a) have plausible connections with ascending nociceptive pathways; (b) be activated by noxious stimuli; (c) trigger nociceptive sensations if directly stimulated, and (d) tone down nociception when injured. In addition, le ...
... Abstract To be considered specific for nociception, a cortical region should (a) have plausible connections with ascending nociceptive pathways; (b) be activated by noxious stimuli; (c) trigger nociceptive sensations if directly stimulated, and (d) tone down nociception when injured. In addition, le ...
Emotion, Cognition, and Mental State Representation in Amygdala
... states? One influential schema for characterizing emotion posits that emotions can vary along two axes: valence (pleasant versus unpleasant or positive versus negative) and intensity (or arousal) (Lang et al. 1990, Russell 1980). These two variables can simply be conceived as components of the curren ...
... states? One influential schema for characterizing emotion posits that emotions can vary along two axes: valence (pleasant versus unpleasant or positive versus negative) and intensity (or arousal) (Lang et al. 1990, Russell 1980). These two variables can simply be conceived as components of the curren ...
Hereditary Pick’s disease with the G272V tau mutation shows predominant three-repeat
... Upstate, Charlesville) were used (de Silva et al., 2003) to investigate the tau isoform composition of Pick bodies. Sections from the two G272V cases as well as an Alzheimer’s disease and a PSP control were pretreated by pressure-cooking in sodium citrate buffer (pH 6) for 5 min, followed by incubat ...
... Upstate, Charlesville) were used (de Silva et al., 2003) to investigate the tau isoform composition of Pick bodies. Sections from the two G272V cases as well as an Alzheimer’s disease and a PSP control were pretreated by pressure-cooking in sodium citrate buffer (pH 6) for 5 min, followed by incubat ...
Vasopressin Receptors of the Vasopressor (V,)
... (W-80 V) to the micropipette for 2-3 min. The slices were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution in PBS for 2-3 min and immersed in 30% sucrose in PBS. Sixty-pm-thick sections were cut in a cryostat. Following counterstaining of the sections with Neutral Red, the blue spots marking the recording site ...
... (W-80 V) to the micropipette for 2-3 min. The slices were fixed in 4% paraformaldehyde solution in PBS for 2-3 min and immersed in 30% sucrose in PBS. Sixty-pm-thick sections were cut in a cryostat. Following counterstaining of the sections with Neutral Red, the blue spots marking the recording site ...
Mapping of second order olfactory neurons and ventral
... between the brain circuit and the motoric system, being positioned in the ventral-cord ganglia, is not described in the current insect group. In this study, fluorescence staining of the axon terminals of the second-order neurons, i.e. antennal-lobe projection neurons, was combined with staining of v ...
... between the brain circuit and the motoric system, being positioned in the ventral-cord ganglia, is not described in the current insect group. In this study, fluorescence staining of the axon terminals of the second-order neurons, i.e. antennal-lobe projection neurons, was combined with staining of v ...