Paper
... cingulate and frontal agranular areas. In macaques, Pearson et al. (1982) and Tanne-Gariepy et al. (2002) examined claustrum afferents to lateral prefrontal areas, including areas 8, 9, 12, and 46, and to motor and premotor areas of frontal cortex. These studies showed that projections to area 46 we ...
... cingulate and frontal agranular areas. In macaques, Pearson et al. (1982) and Tanne-Gariepy et al. (2002) examined claustrum afferents to lateral prefrontal areas, including areas 8, 9, 12, and 46, and to motor and premotor areas of frontal cortex. These studies showed that projections to area 46 we ...
Limbic systems for emotion and for memory, but no
... cingulate cortex for actioneoutcome learning. In this ‘emotion limbic system’ a computational principle is that feedforward pattern association networks learn associations ...
... cingulate cortex for actioneoutcome learning. In this ‘emotion limbic system’ a computational principle is that feedforward pattern association networks learn associations ...
The Cytoarchitectonic Map of Constantin von Economo and Georg N
... and function are inseparable, if not identical, and only scholastic science has managed to separate them. . . Only a basis that is fundamentally biological, morphostructural and histophysiological at the same time, unified in an ample ontogenetic and phylogenetic context, can let us address in legit ...
... and function are inseparable, if not identical, and only scholastic science has managed to separate them. . . Only a basis that is fundamentally biological, morphostructural and histophysiological at the same time, unified in an ample ontogenetic and phylogenetic context, can let us address in legit ...
The neuropharmacology of impulsive behaviour
... findings have implicated the orbitofrontal cortex in impulsive action [20], whereas, to date, damage to this brain area was mainly found to produce or alter delay aversion [21– 24] and not impulsive action [25]. In addition, a role for limbic regions such as the habenula and hippocampus in impulsive ...
... findings have implicated the orbitofrontal cortex in impulsive action [20], whereas, to date, damage to this brain area was mainly found to produce or alter delay aversion [21– 24] and not impulsive action [25]. In addition, a role for limbic regions such as the habenula and hippocampus in impulsive ...
Topographically Specific Hippocampal Projections Target Functionally Distinct Prefrontal Areas in the
... The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, the presubiculum, area 29a-c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, and lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. labeled neurons within the hippocampal formation (CA1, CA1’, prosubicu ...
... The sources of ipsilateral projections from the hippocampal formation, the presubiculum, area 29a-c, and parasubiculum to medial, orbital, and lateral prefrontal cortices were studied with retrograde tracers in 27 rhesus monkeys. labeled neurons within the hippocampal formation (CA1, CA1’, prosubicu ...
ppt - UCSD Cognitive Science
... Kandel, Schwartz and Jessel (2000) Principles of Neural Science. Squire et al (2003) Fundamental Neuroscience ...
... Kandel, Schwartz and Jessel (2000) Principles of Neural Science. Squire et al (2003) Fundamental Neuroscience ...
Vdhjections InducedInto the Auditory Pathway of Ferrets. I
... et al., Science 2421437, ’88). Previously, we have established that the MGN carries the resulting visual information on to primary auditory cortex (AI), which thus contains visually responsive neurons and a topographic representation of the retina (Roe et al., SOC.Neurosci. Abstr. 14:460, ’88; Sur e ...
... et al., Science 2421437, ’88). Previously, we have established that the MGN carries the resulting visual information on to primary auditory cortex (AI), which thus contains visually responsive neurons and a topographic representation of the retina (Roe et al., SOC.Neurosci. Abstr. 14:460, ’88; Sur e ...
Functional neuroanatomy of the primate isocortical motor system
... functionally different entities. The “F” nomenclature of Matelli et al. (cf. Table 1, last column) that is used throughout this article was introduced in 1985 based on regional differences in cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. The terminology was adopted for two reasons. First, the location of the e ...
... functionally different entities. The “F” nomenclature of Matelli et al. (cf. Table 1, last column) that is used throughout this article was introduced in 1985 based on regional differences in cytochrome oxidase histochemistry. The terminology was adopted for two reasons. First, the location of the e ...
Cortical connections of the visuomotor parietooccipital
... intraparietal sulcus to show the cortex of the medial bank of this sulcus. The occipital lobe of the same hemisphere has been cut away at the level of the fundus of the parietooccipital and lunate sulci to show the cortex of the anterior bank of the parietooccipital sulcus. The mesial surface of the ...
... intraparietal sulcus to show the cortex of the medial bank of this sulcus. The occipital lobe of the same hemisphere has been cut away at the level of the fundus of the parietooccipital and lunate sulci to show the cortex of the anterior bank of the parietooccipital sulcus. The mesial surface of the ...
Long, intrinsic horizontal axons radiating through and beyond rat
... parcellation of the cortical sheet into distinct regions containing neurons of similar function (Van Essen 2013; Zilles and Amunts 2010), systematic white matter connections between these discrete functional modules to create larger processing networks recently characterized as the connectome (Sporn ...
... parcellation of the cortical sheet into distinct regions containing neurons of similar function (Van Essen 2013; Zilles and Amunts 2010), systematic white matter connections between these discrete functional modules to create larger processing networks recently characterized as the connectome (Sporn ...
Article 5 - Graduate Program in Neuroscience | UBC
... A modified spatial delayed response task employed with two monkeys permitted us to compare neuronal activity between different liquid or food rewards (Fig. 1, bottom) (Tremblay and Schultz, 1999). When the animal kept its hand on the resting key, one of two instruction pictures appeared for 1.0 s on ...
... A modified spatial delayed response task employed with two monkeys permitted us to compare neuronal activity between different liquid or food rewards (Fig. 1, bottom) (Tremblay and Schultz, 1999). When the animal kept its hand on the resting key, one of two instruction pictures appeared for 1.0 s on ...
Neuronal mechanisms of executive control by the prefrontal cortex
... coordinated operation of two slave systems (the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop) in their model, they proposed that the executive control can be analyzed using a dual-task paradigm, in which the subject is required to perform two different tasks simultaneously. In addition to the co ...
... coordinated operation of two slave systems (the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop) in their model, they proposed that the executive control can be analyzed using a dual-task paradigm, in which the subject is required to perform two different tasks simultaneously. In addition to the co ...
Specificity and Plasticity of Thalamocortical Connections in Sema6A
... disruption, a large fraction of thalamic projections gets derailed within the ventral telencephalon [28]. As these mice survive to adulthood they provide a unique model with normal cortical patterning but altered thalamic input during embryonic life. Our study reveals a changing pattern of thalamoco ...
... disruption, a large fraction of thalamic projections gets derailed within the ventral telencephalon [28]. As these mice survive to adulthood they provide a unique model with normal cortical patterning but altered thalamic input during embryonic life. Our study reveals a changing pattern of thalamoco ...
Limbic structures, emotion, and memory
... respect to the exact position on the retina, size, and even view. Forming invariant representations involves a great deal of cortical computation in the hierarchy of visual cortical areas from the primary visual cortex V1 to the inferior temporal visual cortex (Rolls, 2008d, 2012a, 2016c). The funda ...
... respect to the exact position on the retina, size, and even view. Forming invariant representations involves a great deal of cortical computation in the hierarchy of visual cortical areas from the primary visual cortex V1 to the inferior temporal visual cortex (Rolls, 2008d, 2012a, 2016c). The funda ...
Projections of the amygdala to the thalamus in the cynomolgus
... amygdala of animals A3, A5, and A7. Labelled cells were found throughout the medial basal nucleus (Fig. 4).though there was a tendency for them to be concentrated in its medial half. The lateral basal nucleus contained the second highest number of HRP-positive cells in these three monkeys, though th ...
... amygdala of animals A3, A5, and A7. Labelled cells were found throughout the medial basal nucleus (Fig. 4).though there was a tendency for them to be concentrated in its medial half. The lateral basal nucleus contained the second highest number of HRP-positive cells in these three monkeys, though th ...
Linking Topography to Tonotopy in the Mouse Auditory
... lesions were made at various rostral-caudal positions in the MGB identified with the silicon probe. FRAs were measured at different insertion depths with a tungsten microelectrode, and small lesions were made by passing 0.8 !A of current for 12 s at one or two points of interest along the lateral-to ...
... lesions were made at various rostral-caudal positions in the MGB identified with the silicon probe. FRAs were measured at different insertion depths with a tungsten microelectrode, and small lesions were made by passing 0.8 !A of current for 12 s at one or two points of interest along the lateral-to ...
The Neural Basis of Human Error Processing: Reinforcement
... learning signals to the basal ganglia and frontal cortex, where they are used to facilitate the development of adaptive motor programs. Although the reinforcement learning function attributed to the mesencephalic dopamine system and the error-processing function associated with the ERN appear to be ...
... learning signals to the basal ganglia and frontal cortex, where they are used to facilitate the development of adaptive motor programs. Although the reinforcement learning function attributed to the mesencephalic dopamine system and the error-processing function associated with the ERN appear to be ...
PDF
... “nigrostriatal” dopamine arising from the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) targets the dorsal striatum (Amalric and Koob, 1993). The ventral striatum, at the heart of the limbic corticostriatal loop, is well positioned to support learning of predictive values (as in the Critic). Afferents from s ...
... “nigrostriatal” dopamine arising from the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) targets the dorsal striatum (Amalric and Koob, 1993). The ventral striatum, at the heart of the limbic corticostriatal loop, is well positioned to support learning of predictive values (as in the Critic). Afferents from s ...
19 CORTICAL PROJECTIONS FROM TWO PRESTRIATE AREAS IN
... occurs within the columns between the cells of the different layers 6. Throughout this retinal-geniculate-striate cortical system and then on to the anatomically defined areas 18 and 191,16 and in spite of the repeated convergence that seemingly occurs, a gross topography is maintained anatomically. ...
... occurs within the columns between the cells of the different layers 6. Throughout this retinal-geniculate-striate cortical system and then on to the anatomically defined areas 18 and 191,16 and in spite of the repeated convergence that seemingly occurs, a gross topography is maintained anatomically. ...
Cortical and subcortical afferents to the nucleus reticularis tegmenti
... Anatomical findings are presented that identify cortical and subcortical sources of afferents to the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) and basal pontine nuclei. Projections from the middle temporal visual area (MT), medial superior temporal visual area (MST), lateral intraparietal area (LIP ...
... Anatomical findings are presented that identify cortical and subcortical sources of afferents to the nucleus reticularis tegmenti pontis (NRTP) and basal pontine nuclei. Projections from the middle temporal visual area (MT), medial superior temporal visual area (MST), lateral intraparietal area (LIP ...
Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate
... through excitatory glutamatergic projections. There has been a general consensus that inhibitory GABAergic neurons in the cortex participate mainly in local microcircuits. For example, GABAergic interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) compose local microcircuits that shape prefrontal cod ...
... through excitatory glutamatergic projections. There has been a general consensus that inhibitory GABAergic neurons in the cortex participate mainly in local microcircuits. For example, GABAergic interneurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) compose local microcircuits that shape prefrontal cod ...
The Distribution of Tyrosine Hydroxylase
... Comparison of these distribution patterns with those produced by an antiserum directed against dopamine-&hydroxylase (DBH), a specific marker of neocortical noradrenergic axons, revealed marked differences. DBH-immunoreactive fibers were observed in some cortical locations where few or no TH-labeled ...
... Comparison of these distribution patterns with those produced by an antiserum directed against dopamine-&hydroxylase (DBH), a specific marker of neocortical noradrenergic axons, revealed marked differences. DBH-immunoreactive fibers were observed in some cortical locations where few or no TH-labeled ...
Appetitive associative learning recruits a distinct
... nomenclature as defined in the Swanson atlas (2004), except for the striatum, lateral hypothalamic area and paraventricular thalamic nucleus, and these exceptions are depicted in Fig. 2 and described in detail below. Our analysis initially focused on the lateral hypothalamus because of prior work dem ...
... nomenclature as defined in the Swanson atlas (2004), except for the striatum, lateral hypothalamic area and paraventricular thalamic nucleus, and these exceptions are depicted in Fig. 2 and described in detail below. Our analysis initially focused on the lateral hypothalamus because of prior work dem ...
The amygdala - University of Puget Sound
... contains a strong inhibitory network that keeps spontaneous cellular activity low and that prevents cells from firing action potentials to irrelevant stimuli. Novel stimuli elicit responses, but these rapidly habituate if the stimulus is repeated. As I shall discuss later, this inhibition can be ove ...
... contains a strong inhibitory network that keeps spontaneous cellular activity low and that prevents cells from firing action potentials to irrelevant stimuli. Novel stimuli elicit responses, but these rapidly habituate if the stimulus is repeated. As I shall discuss later, this inhibition can be ove ...
Distinct representations of olfactory information in different cortical
... Mitral and tufted cell axons extend to the piriform cortex via the LOT. We observe that axonal branches exit the LOT at right angles and extend upward to densely and diffusely project to the piriform cortex along the entire anteroposterior axis (Fig. 3a–c), with no apparent spatial preference in any ...
... Mitral and tufted cell axons extend to the piriform cortex via the LOT. We observe that axonal branches exit the LOT at right angles and extend upward to densely and diffusely project to the piriform cortex along the entire anteroposterior axis (Fig. 3a–c), with no apparent spatial preference in any ...
Orbitofrontal cortex
The orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) is a prefrontal cortex region in the frontal lobes in the brain which is involved in the cognitive processing of decision-making. In non-human primates it consists of the association cortex areas Brodmann area 11, 12 and 13; in humans it consists of Brodmann area 10, 11 and 47The OFC is considered anatomically synonymous with the ventromedial prefrontal cortex. Therefore the region is distinguished due to the distinct neural connections and the distinct functions it performs. It is defined as the part of the prefrontal cortex that receives projections from the magnocellular, medial nucleus of the mediodorsal thalamus, and is thought to represent emotion and reward in decision making. It gets its name from its position immediately above the orbits in which the eyes are located. Considerable individual variability has been found in the OFC of both humans and non-human primates. A related area is found in rodents.