REVIEW
... evidence that both of these systems may play important roles in reproductive processes in a number of species, including humans.5±7 The potential role of a human vomeronasal organ (if present) in the detection of and responses to pheromones as well as the utilization of the olfactory system in phero ...
... evidence that both of these systems may play important roles in reproductive processes in a number of species, including humans.5±7 The potential role of a human vomeronasal organ (if present) in the detection of and responses to pheromones as well as the utilization of the olfactory system in phero ...
Full Text - Anesth Pain Med
... but no pain in other body parts (61). In fact, DLP activation is not specific to migraine and is commonly seen in patients with neuropathic and visceral pain (62). DLP activation also can be present in response to bladder distension (63), changes in heart rate, plasma catecholamines during rectal di ...
... but no pain in other body parts (61). In fact, DLP activation is not specific to migraine and is commonly seen in patients with neuropathic and visceral pain (62). DLP activation also can be present in response to bladder distension (63), changes in heart rate, plasma catecholamines during rectal di ...
The Neuroscientist
... invariant coding within single neurons may give rise to this perceptual independence. Thus, an ideal space-selective neuron should be capable of providing spatial information when presented with a range of different sounds in just the same way a human listener can. Providing evidence that a neuron’s ...
... invariant coding within single neurons may give rise to this perceptual independence. Thus, an ideal space-selective neuron should be capable of providing spatial information when presented with a range of different sounds in just the same way a human listener can. Providing evidence that a neuron’s ...
Turtle Dorsal Cortex Pyramidal Neurons Comprise Two Distinct Cell
... determined by fitting an exponential function (Kaleidagraph, Synergy Software, Reading, PA) to voltage traces in response to hyperpolarizing current injection [36, 40, 47]. Spike train parameters (11–14) were measured and averaged for several trials where multiple spikes were elicited in response to ...
... determined by fitting an exponential function (Kaleidagraph, Synergy Software, Reading, PA) to voltage traces in response to hyperpolarizing current injection [36, 40, 47]. Spike train parameters (11–14) were measured and averaged for several trials where multiple spikes were elicited in response to ...
Inhibitory interneurons in a cortical column form hot zones of
... Only on the basis of such prevalence numbers is it possible to interpret data on single-cell physiology (1–8) and synaptic connections of pairs of neurons (9–12) at the circuit level. The distribution of cortical neurons and INs has therefore been the objective of several studies over the past decad ...
... Only on the basis of such prevalence numbers is it possible to interpret data on single-cell physiology (1–8) and synaptic connections of pairs of neurons (9–12) at the circuit level. The distribution of cortical neurons and INs has therefore been the objective of several studies over the past decad ...
Olfactory tract transection in neonatal rats: Evidence for Mitral cell
... and anatomical changes during the first few weeks of postnatal life14-17. Olfactory tract transection (OTT) at this stage causes a wide range of functional and cytoarchitectural changes. However, the tract is capable of undergoing regeneration and thus sparing the behavioural abnormality as shown in ...
... and anatomical changes during the first few weeks of postnatal life14-17. Olfactory tract transection (OTT) at this stage causes a wide range of functional and cytoarchitectural changes. However, the tract is capable of undergoing regeneration and thus sparing the behavioural abnormality as shown in ...
Postnatal Development of the Corticospinal Tract in the Reeler Mouse
... Corticospinal tract (CST) neurons are located in layer V of the motor cortex, and send their axons to the spinal motoneurons, directly (5, 23) or indirectly (2, 35). The CST forms the longest axonal projection in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The development of CST axons is the latest ...
... Corticospinal tract (CST) neurons are located in layer V of the motor cortex, and send their axons to the spinal motoneurons, directly (5, 23) or indirectly (2, 35). The CST forms the longest axonal projection in the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The development of CST axons is the latest ...
Anatomofunctional organization of the ventral primary motor and
... arm movements; this test was also carried out by closing the monkey’s eyes. We further checked whether different types of movements (i.e. scratching, grooming or spontaneous finger flexion movements) were equally effective in triggering neuronal discharge in order to establish whether the activity w ...
... arm movements; this test was also carried out by closing the monkey’s eyes. We further checked whether different types of movements (i.e. scratching, grooming or spontaneous finger flexion movements) were equally effective in triggering neuronal discharge in order to establish whether the activity w ...
Cannabis and cognition: short- and long
... Iversen, 2003; Fletcher and Honey, 2006; Ranganathan and D’Souza, 2006; Solowij and Michie, 2007; Hall and Degenhardt, 2009; Zuurman et al., 2009; Sewell et al., 2010; Solowij and Pesa, 2010). A revival of interest in examining the acute effects of cannabinoids on cognition in humans has been eviden ...
... Iversen, 2003; Fletcher and Honey, 2006; Ranganathan and D’Souza, 2006; Solowij and Michie, 2007; Hall and Degenhardt, 2009; Zuurman et al., 2009; Sewell et al., 2010; Solowij and Pesa, 2010). A revival of interest in examining the acute effects of cannabinoids on cognition in humans has been eviden ...
Surround suppression explained by long-range
... excitatory activity14, 15 , while inhibitory activity becomes stronger and less selective15 . How does this reduction in response correlation come about, given the prevalence of strong spatial and temporal correlations present in natural visual scenes7, 8 , and given that neurons in a column share c ...
... excitatory activity14, 15 , while inhibitory activity becomes stronger and less selective15 . How does this reduction in response correlation come about, given the prevalence of strong spatial and temporal correlations present in natural visual scenes7, 8 , and given that neurons in a column share c ...
CCNBook/Neuron
... being important, which will vary depending on the scientific questions being addressed with the model. The approach taken for the models in this book is to find some kind of happy (or unhappy) middle ground between biological detail and cognitive functionality. This middle ground is unhappy to the e ...
... being important, which will vary depending on the scientific questions being addressed with the model. The approach taken for the models in this book is to find some kind of happy (or unhappy) middle ground between biological detail and cognitive functionality. This middle ground is unhappy to the e ...
BMP4 expression in the adult rat brain
... Since the amino acid sequences of BMP4 and BMP2 are very similar, we first investigated whether the antibody (NCL-BMP4) can discriminate between them using ELISA method. As shown in Fig. 1A and B, the antibody could specifically recognize only BMP4 protein in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we ...
... Since the amino acid sequences of BMP4 and BMP2 are very similar, we first investigated whether the antibody (NCL-BMP4) can discriminate between them using ELISA method. As shown in Fig. 1A and B, the antibody could specifically recognize only BMP4 protein in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, we ...
Molecular and functional analysis of Drosophila single
... glial transcription (Wharton et al., 1994). During larval development, sim continues to be expressed in the midline cells of the ventral nerve cord and is also expressed in the brain, in both the central brain region and the lamina and medulla of the optic lobes (Pielage et al., 2002). The role of s ...
... glial transcription (Wharton et al., 1994). During larval development, sim continues to be expressed in the midline cells of the ventral nerve cord and is also expressed in the brain, in both the central brain region and the lamina and medulla of the optic lobes (Pielage et al., 2002). The role of s ...
Sample
... 43. A chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an effect on the next cell is called a __________ a) glial cell. b) neurotransmitter. Correct. Neurotransmitters are stored in the synaptic vesicles. c) precursor cell. d) synapse. Incorrect. The synapse is the space between th ...
... 43. A chemical found in the synaptic vesicles which, when released, has an effect on the next cell is called a __________ a) glial cell. b) neurotransmitter. Correct. Neurotransmitters are stored in the synaptic vesicles. c) precursor cell. d) synapse. Incorrect. The synapse is the space between th ...
Role of Ratings of Perceived Exertion during Self
... describing this or similar scales may influence the interpretation of the scale. Indeed, a recent study by Swart et al. [27] has found that participants are able to distinguish between physical perceived exertion (using a modified Borg Scale) and task effort and awareness. Furthermore, it was found ...
... describing this or similar scales may influence the interpretation of the scale. Indeed, a recent study by Swart et al. [27] has found that participants are able to distinguish between physical perceived exertion (using a modified Borg Scale) and task effort and awareness. Furthermore, it was found ...
In VivoCalcium Imaging Reveals Functional Rewiring of Single
... I. R. Winship’s present address: Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3. ...
... I. R. Winship’s present address: Neurochemical Research Unit, Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Neuroscience, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2G3. ...
Chapter 2 An Integrative Approach to Psychopathology
... Problem – Other information is often ignored Multidimensional Models Interdisciplinary, eclectic, and integrative “System” of influences that cause and maintain suffering Uses information from several sources Abnormal behavior as multiply determined ...
... Problem – Other information is often ignored Multidimensional Models Interdisciplinary, eclectic, and integrative “System” of influences that cause and maintain suffering Uses information from several sources Abnormal behavior as multiply determined ...
The Cerebellum - krigolson teaching
... with many parallel folds called folia (Latin, leaves). Two deep transverse fissures divide the cerebellum into three lobes. The primary fissure on the dorsal surface separates the anterior and posterior lobes, which together form the body of the cerebellum (Figure 42–2A). The posterolateral fissure ...
... with many parallel folds called folia (Latin, leaves). Two deep transverse fissures divide the cerebellum into three lobes. The primary fissure on the dorsal surface separates the anterior and posterior lobes, which together form the body of the cerebellum (Figure 42–2A). The posterolateral fissure ...
Comparative neuronal morphology of the
... Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; Bishop, 1993; Lainé and Axelrad, 1996), very few cerebellar neurons have been digita ...
... Although there are many representative freehand and camera lucida drawings of cerebellar cortex neurons (Ramón y Cajal, 1909, 1911; Chan-Palay and Palay, 1970, 1972; Palay and ChanPalay, 1974; Braak and Braak, 1983; Bishop, 1993; Lainé and Axelrad, 1996), very few cerebellar neurons have been digita ...
The functional anatomy of basal ganglia disorders
... neurons. This mode/is based on a synthesis of experimental animal and post-mortem human anatomic and neurochemical data. Hyperkinetic disorders, which are characterized by an excess of abnormal movements, are postulated to result from the selectiveimpairment of striatal neurons projecting to the lat ...
... neurons. This mode/is based on a synthesis of experimental animal and post-mortem human anatomic and neurochemical data. Hyperkinetic disorders, which are characterized by an excess of abnormal movements, are postulated to result from the selectiveimpairment of striatal neurons projecting to the lat ...
Orientation topography of layer 4 lateral networks revealed by
... distribution of the labelled projections was analysed according to laminar location and lateral spread. With regard to the former, no major difference in the orientation topography between supragranular- (upper tier), granular- (middle tier) and infragranular (lower tier) layers was seen. Laterally, ...
... distribution of the labelled projections was analysed according to laminar location and lateral spread. With regard to the former, no major difference in the orientation topography between supragranular- (upper tier), granular- (middle tier) and infragranular (lower tier) layers was seen. Laterally, ...
Neural correlates of social exclusion during adolescence
... a network of neural regions associated with the distress of social exclusion, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), involved in the ‘unpleasant’ experience of physical pain (Foltz and White, 1962; Rainville et al., 1997; Sawamoto et al., 2000); the insula, associated with visceral p ...
... a network of neural regions associated with the distress of social exclusion, including the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), involved in the ‘unpleasant’ experience of physical pain (Foltz and White, 1962; Rainville et al., 1997; Sawamoto et al., 2000); the insula, associated with visceral p ...
Bissonette Gregory B, Gentry Ronny N, Padmala Srikanth, Pessoa L
... Motivation is a complex psychological feature, likely arising from assessments of physiological states, understanding and attending to current environmental cues, past reinforcement history, and assessing expected value associated with current contexts. In this light, pharmacological manipulations o ...
... Motivation is a complex psychological feature, likely arising from assessments of physiological states, understanding and attending to current environmental cues, past reinforcement history, and assessing expected value associated with current contexts. In this light, pharmacological manipulations o ...