Dissociation of Mnemonic Coding and Other Functional Neuronal
... and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of vi ...
... and other functional neuronal processing in the monkey prefrontal cortex. J. Neurophysiol. 77: 761–774, 1997. Single-neuron activity was recorded in the prefrontal cortex of three monkeys during the performance of a spatial delayed alternation (DA) task and during the presentation of a variety of vi ...
DOES ISCHEMIA CAUSE ACUTE NEURONAL DAMAGE BY CONVERTING THE NA /K
... cellular function (Woodruff et al., 2011). Global ischemia is a serious reduction in blood flow to the entire brain, most often caused by sudden cardiac arrest. Stroke is the diagnostic term for the brain dysfunction caused by ischemic neuronal injury and death (Bretón and Rodríguez, 2012). Stroke i ...
... cellular function (Woodruff et al., 2011). Global ischemia is a serious reduction in blood flow to the entire brain, most often caused by sudden cardiac arrest. Stroke is the diagnostic term for the brain dysfunction caused by ischemic neuronal injury and death (Bretón and Rodríguez, 2012). Stroke i ...
Changes in emotion after circumscribed surgical
... as well as in ventral ACC during self-generated emotional experience (i.e. in the absence of a stimulus) as subjects recalled emotions of sadness or happiness (Lane et al., 1997a, b, 1998). On the basis of a review of imaging studies that consistently emphasize the importance of anterior and ventral ...
... as well as in ventral ACC during self-generated emotional experience (i.e. in the absence of a stimulus) as subjects recalled emotions of sadness or happiness (Lane et al., 1997a, b, 1998). On the basis of a review of imaging studies that consistently emphasize the importance of anterior and ventral ...
Chronic stress prior to hippocampal stroke
... for cognitive performance (de Kloet, Oitzl, & Joels, 1999; Faraji, Lehmann, Metz, & Sutherland, 2009; Roozendaal, 2000). On the other hand, the central action of corticosteroids has mostly been portrayed as damaging and disruptive to learning and memory (McLaughlin, Gomez, Baran, & Conrad, 2007; Sap ...
... for cognitive performance (de Kloet, Oitzl, & Joels, 1999; Faraji, Lehmann, Metz, & Sutherland, 2009; Roozendaal, 2000). On the other hand, the central action of corticosteroids has mostly been portrayed as damaging and disruptive to learning and memory (McLaughlin, Gomez, Baran, & Conrad, 2007; Sap ...
Nucleus Accumbensμ-Opioids Regulate Intake of a High
... dose of 20 ng was chosen on the basis of pilot experiments, which indicated that this dose produced minimized effects on baseline feeding and activity. However, in some pilot studies, it was determined that 20 ng did result in reduced activity compared with controls, and therefore a lower muscimol d ...
... dose of 20 ng was chosen on the basis of pilot experiments, which indicated that this dose produced minimized effects on baseline feeding and activity. However, in some pilot studies, it was determined that 20 ng did result in reduced activity compared with controls, and therefore a lower muscimol d ...
Thalamic POm projections to the dorsolateral striatum of rats
... barrel cortex and other somatosensory cortical areas (Alloway et al. 2000, 2006; Brown 1998; Hoffer and Alloway 2001). These dense corticostriatal projections have prompted recent comparisons of cortical and DLS responses during controlled whisker stimulation (Mowery et al. 2011; Pidoux et al. 2011; ...
... barrel cortex and other somatosensory cortical areas (Alloway et al. 2000, 2006; Brown 1998; Hoffer and Alloway 2001). These dense corticostriatal projections have prompted recent comparisons of cortical and DLS responses during controlled whisker stimulation (Mowery et al. 2011; Pidoux et al. 2011; ...
Chapter 9 Sleep and Biological Rhythms
... Appears to be a neurodegenerative disorder with at least some genetic component ...
... Appears to be a neurodegenerative disorder with at least some genetic component ...
Neurons of the Central Complex of the Locust Schistocerca gregaria
... divisions of the central body, and the paired noduli (Homberg, 1987) (see Fig. 1 A). Its most striking feature is a highly stratified internal organization consisting of well defined layers in the central body and, perpendicularly, an arrangement into sets of sixteen columns. Columnar neurons provid ...
... divisions of the central body, and the paired noduli (Homberg, 1987) (see Fig. 1 A). Its most striking feature is a highly stratified internal organization consisting of well defined layers in the central body and, perpendicularly, an arrangement into sets of sixteen columns. Columnar neurons provid ...
INDUCTION AND RECOVERY TIME COURSE OF RAT BRAIN
... Ingelman-Sundberg, 1993; Lee et al., 1998). However, unlike in liver and kidney, increases in nasal CYP2E1 are accompanied by a corresponding increase in CYP2E1 mRNA (Longo and Ingelman-Sundberg, 1993). Tissue-specific expression of CYP2E1 may be influenced by the presence and regulation of transcri ...
... Ingelman-Sundberg, 1993; Lee et al., 1998). However, unlike in liver and kidney, increases in nasal CYP2E1 are accompanied by a corresponding increase in CYP2E1 mRNA (Longo and Ingelman-Sundberg, 1993). Tissue-specific expression of CYP2E1 may be influenced by the presence and regulation of transcri ...
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... sensory environment is continuously modified by experience. Changes in spatial (receptive field) and temporal response properties of cortical neurons underlie many forms of natural learning. The scale and direction of these changes appear to be determined by specific features of the behavioral tasks ...
... sensory environment is continuously modified by experience. Changes in spatial (receptive field) and temporal response properties of cortical neurons underlie many forms of natural learning. The scale and direction of these changes appear to be determined by specific features of the behavioral tasks ...
Hippocampal contributions to language
... in the past five years and I wouldn’t be any where near the person/scientist/teacher that I am today without her. I would also like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Daniel Tranel, Neal Cohen, Steven Anderson, Michelle Voss and Kristine Williams for their helpful contributions to shaping ...
... in the past five years and I wouldn’t be any where near the person/scientist/teacher that I am today without her. I would also like to thank the members of my thesis committee, Daniel Tranel, Neal Cohen, Steven Anderson, Michelle Voss and Kristine Williams for their helpful contributions to shaping ...
The projection of the lateral geniculate nucleus to area 17 of the rat
... The essentially smooth contours of these dendrites receiving degenerating geniculocortical afferents on their shafts becomes more apparent when their forms are reconstructed from serial thin sections, as shown in Figs. 3-7. At this point it will help to give an indication of how to interpret the fiv ...
... The essentially smooth contours of these dendrites receiving degenerating geniculocortical afferents on their shafts becomes more apparent when their forms are reconstructed from serial thin sections, as shown in Figs. 3-7. At this point it will help to give an indication of how to interpret the fiv ...
Mapping of second order olfactory neurons and ventral
... dedicated to detection of odor information is the evolutionary oldest and also the one being possessed by all organisms, including bacteria and humans. Actually, information about odor blends in the environment is detected and selectively discriminated by neural pathways that are remarkably similarl ...
... dedicated to detection of odor information is the evolutionary oldest and also the one being possessed by all organisms, including bacteria and humans. Actually, information about odor blends in the environment is detected and selectively discriminated by neural pathways that are remarkably similarl ...
Non-reward neural mechanisms in the orbitofrontal cortex
... received a reward, and this has been quantified in a more recent study (Berlin et al., 2004). The importance of the failure to rapidly learn about the value of stimuli from negative feedback has also been described as a critical difficulty for patients with orbitofrontal cortex lesions (Fellows, 200 ...
... received a reward, and this has been quantified in a more recent study (Berlin et al., 2004). The importance of the failure to rapidly learn about the value of stimuli from negative feedback has also been described as a critical difficulty for patients with orbitofrontal cortex lesions (Fellows, 200 ...
Lester-Lect to CaltechAssociates-Nov
... reports that they think better when they smoke; this anecdotal observation is confirmed by data that smokers who smoke nicotine cigarettes (but not nicotine-free cigarettes) display several cognitive enhancements. In the rodent context, rats show more contextual fear conditioning if, one day after w ...
... reports that they think better when they smoke; this anecdotal observation is confirmed by data that smokers who smoke nicotine cigarettes (but not nicotine-free cigarettes) display several cognitive enhancements. In the rodent context, rats show more contextual fear conditioning if, one day after w ...
Neurochemical organization of chimpanzee inferior pulvinar complex
... Povinelli, 2000). These studies make it clear that although humans share many features of brain organization and function with apes and monkeys, there are important differences as well. Documenting the patterns of similarities and difference is essential for understanding how results derived from no ...
... Povinelli, 2000). These studies make it clear that although humans share many features of brain organization and function with apes and monkeys, there are important differences as well. Documenting the patterns of similarities and difference is essential for understanding how results derived from no ...
Multiple dynamic representations in the motor cortex
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
... rate suggests that vM1 controls these slowly varying motor parameters, as expected from previous motor cortex mapping5,8,16,18,29,39 and neurophysiological experiments5,29,39. The low sampling rate of imaging may have missed rapid modulation in neural activity29. We also quantified decoding accuranc ...
Neurons in Anterior Cingulate Cortex Multiplex
... central square disappeared and the monkey recording location can be found in the supplemental data (available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material). D, Perforwas free to shift gaze to one of the peripheral mance of both monkeys on this task. Plot of average likelihood of choosing the optima ...
... central square disappeared and the monkey recording location can be found in the supplemental data (available at www.jneurosci.org as supplemental material). D, Perforwas free to shift gaze to one of the peripheral mance of both monkeys on this task. Plot of average likelihood of choosing the optima ...
Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor Mediates Activity
... confocal microscope, using the 488 nm argon laser line and a 505–550 nm bandpass emission filter. Image stacks (typically 10 –20 optical sections per stack) were collected at 1.5–2.5 m z-axis steps through the full extent of the dendritic tree and saved for off-line tracing and analysis. Images wer ...
... confocal microscope, using the 488 nm argon laser line and a 505–550 nm bandpass emission filter. Image stacks (typically 10 –20 optical sections per stack) were collected at 1.5–2.5 m z-axis steps through the full extent of the dendritic tree and saved for off-line tracing and analysis. Images wer ...
Presence of vesicular glutamate transporter-2 in
... observations indicate the capability of the inhibitory SS neurosecretory system to cosecrete the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter, l-glutamate. Glutamate is an important regulator of anterior pituitary functions, including regulation of GH synthesis and secretion (Brann, 1995). Subcutaneous N- ...
... observations indicate the capability of the inhibitory SS neurosecretory system to cosecrete the excitatory amino acid neurotransmitter, l-glutamate. Glutamate is an important regulator of anterior pituitary functions, including regulation of GH synthesis and secretion (Brann, 1995). Subcutaneous N- ...
The evolutionary ecology of senescence
... and somatic cell lineages, proposed in 1882 that senescence benefits the population by removing old, unproductive individuals (Weissman 1889). However, since senescence as explained by Weissman cannot benefit the individual, it should be selected against except in the special circumstances where kin ...
... and somatic cell lineages, proposed in 1882 that senescence benefits the population by removing old, unproductive individuals (Weissman 1889). However, since senescence as explained by Weissman cannot benefit the individual, it should be selected against except in the special circumstances where kin ...
The dorsal raphe nucleus—From silver stainings to a role in
... The latter problem was partly overcome after modifications (Hökfelt and Ljungdahl, 1972). From the sixties to the early eighties, the morphology of the DRN was described in cat (Taber et al., 1960), man (Braak, 1970), rabbit (Felten and Cummings, 1979) and rat (Steinbusch et al., 1981). Already soon ...
... The latter problem was partly overcome after modifications (Hökfelt and Ljungdahl, 1972). From the sixties to the early eighties, the morphology of the DRN was described in cat (Taber et al., 1960), man (Braak, 1970), rabbit (Felten and Cummings, 1979) and rat (Steinbusch et al., 1981). Already soon ...
Narcolepsy: A Sleeping Disorder
... REM Sleep and Narcolepsy • Loss of muscle control resembles a neurological protective of REM sleep • Hypnagogic hallucinations, illusions similar to dreams • Sleep paralysis where after falling to or waking from sleep, a person finds that ...
... REM Sleep and Narcolepsy • Loss of muscle control resembles a neurological protective of REM sleep • Hypnagogic hallucinations, illusions similar to dreams • Sleep paralysis where after falling to or waking from sleep, a person finds that ...
Spontaneous default mode network phase
... been implicated in many psychological processes but appear to play key roles in episodic memory encoding and retrieval (Cavanna and Trimble, 2006; Huijbers et al., 2012). Similarly, the lateral parietal cortex (LPC) appears integral for both autobiographical and selfsemantic processes, and MPFC is l ...
... been implicated in many psychological processes but appear to play key roles in episodic memory encoding and retrieval (Cavanna and Trimble, 2006; Huijbers et al., 2012). Similarly, the lateral parietal cortex (LPC) appears integral for both autobiographical and selfsemantic processes, and MPFC is l ...