Auditory cortical processing: Binaural interaction in healthy
... In addition, ROBO1 has been linked to autism (Anitha et al., 2008), and a specific language impairment (SLI) variant has shown linkage to a genetic region around ROBO1 (Stein et al., 2004). However, the neurodevelopmental functions of the ROBO1 gene—as well as of all dyslexia candidate genes—are unk ...
... In addition, ROBO1 has been linked to autism (Anitha et al., 2008), and a specific language impairment (SLI) variant has shown linkage to a genetic region around ROBO1 (Stein et al., 2004). However, the neurodevelopmental functions of the ROBO1 gene—as well as of all dyslexia candidate genes—are unk ...
PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM
... to switching off of the function of neurons increases the functional level of the defect; This situation occurs when poliomyelitis, traumas of the central nervous system and others. Recovery in a given volume of function is not associated with the regeneration of neurons in therapeutic effects (neur ...
... to switching off of the function of neurons increases the functional level of the defect; This situation occurs when poliomyelitis, traumas of the central nervous system and others. Recovery in a given volume of function is not associated with the regeneration of neurons in therapeutic effects (neur ...
Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain
... reflects a distinct phenotype of characteristic genes. Because previous studies have focused on cells from more mature developmental stages, many of these genes have not been annotated with microglia function. However, we found here that a subset of the genes that were expressed at this stage was re ...
... reflects a distinct phenotype of characteristic genes. Because previous studies have focused on cells from more mature developmental stages, many of these genes have not been annotated with microglia function. However, we found here that a subset of the genes that were expressed at this stage was re ...
Episodic memory, amnesia, and the hippocampal–anterior thalamic
... via the fornix to the diencephalon. These are necessary for the encoding and, hence, the effective subsequent recall of episodic memory. An additional feature of this hippocampal–anterior thalamic axis is the presence of projections back from the diencephalon to the temporal cortex and hippocampus t ...
... via the fornix to the diencephalon. These are necessary for the encoding and, hence, the effective subsequent recall of episodic memory. An additional feature of this hippocampal–anterior thalamic axis is the presence of projections back from the diencephalon to the temporal cortex and hippocampus t ...
Microglia development follows a stepwise program to regulate brain
... reflects a distinct phenotype of characteristic genes. Because previous studies have focused on cells from more mature developmental stages, many of these genes have not been annotated with microglia function. However, we found here that a subset of the genes that were expressed at this stage was re ...
... reflects a distinct phenotype of characteristic genes. Because previous studies have focused on cells from more mature developmental stages, many of these genes have not been annotated with microglia function. However, we found here that a subset of the genes that were expressed at this stage was re ...
HYPOTHALAMUS
... The mammillary part of the hypothalamus consists of the posterior hypothalamic nucleus and the prominent mammillary nuclei. The posterior nucleus is a large, ill-defined group of cells that may play a role in thermoregulation (see below). The mammillary nuclei are considered to be part of the hypoth ...
... The mammillary part of the hypothalamus consists of the posterior hypothalamic nucleus and the prominent mammillary nuclei. The posterior nucleus is a large, ill-defined group of cells that may play a role in thermoregulation (see below). The mammillary nuclei are considered to be part of the hypoth ...
Test #2
... having a lesion in the corpus callosum. In order to confirm or reject this diagnosis you walk into the examining room and give the patient a verbal command to pick up a pencil that is on the desk with his left hand. The patient is unable to do this, and therefore you know that the General Practition ...
... having a lesion in the corpus callosum. In order to confirm or reject this diagnosis you walk into the examining room and give the patient a verbal command to pick up a pencil that is on the desk with his left hand. The patient is unable to do this, and therefore you know that the General Practition ...
Sample
... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
... thousands of neighbouring axon terminals. The same neuron's axon terminals may rest close to numerous other dendrites. As a result, an individual neuron may send and receive signals simultaneously in the thousands. d. physically with a few axons. Answer: c Diff: 1 Type: MC Page Reference: 31 Topic: ...
CNS 424 Block Educational Framework (Week 1)
... List the neuronal tracts that represent the main site of action of each neurotransmitters List the main receptors activated by each neurotransmitters Complete overview of Transmitter Pharmacology in the Central Nervous System Classify the sensory receptors Enumerate the receptors found in the skin f ...
... List the neuronal tracts that represent the main site of action of each neurotransmitters List the main receptors activated by each neurotransmitters Complete overview of Transmitter Pharmacology in the Central Nervous System Classify the sensory receptors Enumerate the receptors found in the skin f ...
A Review of Cell Assemblies by Huyck and
... The first principle of the CA hypothesis is that each concept is represented by a set of neurons. With population coding, a particular concept is coded by a set of neurons that fire at an elevated rate when the concept is perceived or in STM. An alternative to population coding is that a single cell ...
... The first principle of the CA hypothesis is that each concept is represented by a set of neurons. With population coding, a particular concept is coded by a set of neurons that fire at an elevated rate when the concept is perceived or in STM. An alternative to population coding is that a single cell ...
Molecular Pathways of Endoplasmic Reticulum
... proteins can be found in brain pathological states, such as Alzheimer´s disease, schizophrenia and epilepsy. In addition, the Ca2+ binding proteins can also be used as predictive marker in other pathologies e.g. melanoma (van Ginkel et al. 1998). ...
... proteins can be found in brain pathological states, such as Alzheimer´s disease, schizophrenia and epilepsy. In addition, the Ca2+ binding proteins can also be used as predictive marker in other pathologies e.g. melanoma (van Ginkel et al. 1998). ...
Hikosaka O - lsr
... tissue that includes the habenula is transplanted into these rats the normal sleep pattern and atonia are restored15,17. Second, the firing of habenula neurons shows circadian rhythmicity 18, even in slice preparations19. Third, neural activity of the LHb or the MHb increases markedly during drug-in ...
... tissue that includes the habenula is transplanted into these rats the normal sleep pattern and atonia are restored15,17. Second, the firing of habenula neurons shows circadian rhythmicity 18, even in slice preparations19. Third, neural activity of the LHb or the MHb increases markedly during drug-in ...
IL-10 Alters Immunoproteostasis in APP Mice, Increasing Plaque
... ‘‘immunoproteostasis.’’ In a contextually dependent fashion, immunoproteostasis can have positive or negative effects on the proteinopathy and degenerative phenotype. Because of these effects and the plethora of therapeutic targets in the innate immune system, there is considerable interest in manip ...
... ‘‘immunoproteostasis.’’ In a contextually dependent fashion, immunoproteostasis can have positive or negative effects on the proteinopathy and degenerative phenotype. Because of these effects and the plethora of therapeutic targets in the innate immune system, there is considerable interest in manip ...
The auditory cortex
... including humans (compare Langner et al. 1997, this volume) and also to re-map mammals of which data about the functional parcellation of the auditory cortex are incomplete such as the dog (Tunturi 1962), the ferret (Kelly et al. 1986; Shamma et al. 1993), the rabbit (McMullen and Glaser 1982), and ...
... including humans (compare Langner et al. 1997, this volume) and also to re-map mammals of which data about the functional parcellation of the auditory cortex are incomplete such as the dog (Tunturi 1962), the ferret (Kelly et al. 1986; Shamma et al. 1993), the rabbit (McMullen and Glaser 1982), and ...
Serotonin Depletion In Vivo Inhibits the
... developmental stage of the embryos was determined by the use of the percentage staging system of Helluy and Beltz (1991) in which egg extrusion is defined as 0% and hatching as 100%. Embryos at 55% of embryonic development (E55%) were assigned to one of three groups: experimental, control, or normal ...
... developmental stage of the embryos was determined by the use of the percentage staging system of Helluy and Beltz (1991) in which egg extrusion is defined as 0% and hatching as 100%. Embryos at 55% of embryonic development (E55%) were assigned to one of three groups: experimental, control, or normal ...
Sub-exemplar Shape Tuning in Human Face
... Although human face recognition performance shows high selectivity, even for unfamiliar faces, the neuronal circuitry underlying this high performance is poorly understood. Two extreme alternatives can be considered: either a ‘‘labeled-line’’ principle, in which subtle changes in face images lead to ...
... Although human face recognition performance shows high selectivity, even for unfamiliar faces, the neuronal circuitry underlying this high performance is poorly understood. Two extreme alternatives can be considered: either a ‘‘labeled-line’’ principle, in which subtle changes in face images lead to ...
ACETYLOCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY IN THE NUCLEI OF THE
... nucleus as well as in the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract. The data shown above pertaining to the localization of AChE activity in the amygdala of the cat, Galugo senegalensis, and man are generally similar to our results found in the amygdaloid complex of the rat. These results seem to conf ...
... nucleus as well as in the nucleus of the lateral olfactory tract. The data shown above pertaining to the localization of AChE activity in the amygdala of the cat, Galugo senegalensis, and man are generally similar to our results found in the amygdaloid complex of the rat. These results seem to conf ...
Neuron Production, Neuron Number, and Structure Size Are
... of neurons, or both, could produce the observed pattern in recruitment. Smulders, Sasson, and DeVoogd (1995) and Smulders, Shiflett, Sperling, and DeVoogd (2000) reported that the number of neurons in the hippocampus and hippocampal volume fluctuate seasonally in black-capped chickadees, with both r ...
... of neurons, or both, could produce the observed pattern in recruitment. Smulders, Sasson, and DeVoogd (1995) and Smulders, Shiflett, Sperling, and DeVoogd (2000) reported that the number of neurons in the hippocampus and hippocampal volume fluctuate seasonally in black-capped chickadees, with both r ...
Severely dystrophic axons at amyloid plaques
... studies showed dystrophic axons were tightly associated with disruption of presynaptic transmission machinery, suggesting local functional impairment. Thus, we rule out long-range degeneration axons or dendrites as major contributors to early synapse loss in this model, raising the prospect of a the ...
... studies showed dystrophic axons were tightly associated with disruption of presynaptic transmission machinery, suggesting local functional impairment. Thus, we rule out long-range degeneration axons or dendrites as major contributors to early synapse loss in this model, raising the prospect of a the ...
PDF - Kalina Christoff
... There are about a half-‐dozen major psychedelic substances in widespread use ...
... There are about a half-‐dozen major psychedelic substances in widespread use ...
Beyond dreams: do sleep-related movements
... that the vigorous neural stimulation arising from the brainstem during active sleep substitutes for the lack of waking stimulation. Specifically, they suggested that this sleep-related stimulation assists in a variety of developmental processes, including “neuronal differentiation, maturation, and m ...
... that the vigorous neural stimulation arising from the brainstem during active sleep substitutes for the lack of waking stimulation. Specifically, they suggested that this sleep-related stimulation assists in a variety of developmental processes, including “neuronal differentiation, maturation, and m ...
How Acupuncture works - Chinese Acupuncture Associates on the
... Electro-AP can induce different-type opioid peptide release [47 ].. Han and his colleagues have found that lower frequency ( 2Hz ) AP analgesia is mediated by μ and δ receptors and high frequency ( 100 Hz ) AP analgesia is mediated by κOpioid receptor so that they concluded that low frequency(2 Hz ) ...
... Electro-AP can induce different-type opioid peptide release [47 ].. Han and his colleagues have found that lower frequency ( 2Hz ) AP analgesia is mediated by μ and δ receptors and high frequency ( 100 Hz ) AP analgesia is mediated by κOpioid receptor so that they concluded that low frequency(2 Hz ) ...
Update on models of basal ganglia function and dysfunction
... neurons express D1-family dopamine receptors, while indirect pathway neurons express D2-family receptors [17]. Studies in rodents have also suggested that the direct and indirect pathways receive inputs from distinct groups of cortical neurons [18], but these results are difficult to reconcile with p ...
... neurons express D1-family dopamine receptors, while indirect pathway neurons express D2-family receptors [17]. Studies in rodents have also suggested that the direct and indirect pathways receive inputs from distinct groups of cortical neurons [18], but these results are difficult to reconcile with p ...
Effects on the central and peripheral nervous activity in rats elicited
... brain barrier in transferrin-bound form, and as free Mn2+ ion via a cation transporter (Aschner et al., 1999) and can deposit in the brain. In chronic human disease resulting from long-term occupational exposure to Mn, functional (Shinotoh et al., 1997) and structural (Yamada et al., 1986) damage to ...
... brain barrier in transferrin-bound form, and as free Mn2+ ion via a cation transporter (Aschner et al., 1999) and can deposit in the brain. In chronic human disease resulting from long-term occupational exposure to Mn, functional (Shinotoh et al., 1997) and structural (Yamada et al., 1986) damage to ...