Regulation of synaptic functions in central nervous system by
... of energy homoeostasis [1,3,7–9]. Among all the hormones related to feeding behaviour and cognition, leptin, insulin and ghrelin are among the best characterized. Synapses are specialized structures on the neuronal cell membrane that mediate rapid and highly efficient information transmission from a ...
... of energy homoeostasis [1,3,7–9]. Among all the hormones related to feeding behaviour and cognition, leptin, insulin and ghrelin are among the best characterized. Synapses are specialized structures on the neuronal cell membrane that mediate rapid and highly efficient information transmission from a ...
hanPNAS11
... Bedogni et al. (17) found a significant increase in Fezf2 expression, and suggested that this up-regulation is a result of decreased Sox5 expression. Our independent analyses using mRNA-Seq (Fig. 1A), quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR; Fig. 2A), and in situ hybridization (ISH; Fig. 2B) confirmed a significa ...
... Bedogni et al. (17) found a significant increase in Fezf2 expression, and suggested that this up-regulation is a result of decreased Sox5 expression. Our independent analyses using mRNA-Seq (Fig. 1A), quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR; Fig. 2A), and in situ hybridization (ISH; Fig. 2B) confirmed a significa ...
Copyright 1984 by Desav, Paul Henri All Rights Reserved
... cortex of the turtle may be a useful model for the mammalian cortex. To understand mammalian cortex is to understand its synaptic connections. Understanding the synapses of all of the classes of cells in mammalian cortex seems an insuperable task. There are two reasons why the one layer cortex of th ...
... cortex of the turtle may be a useful model for the mammalian cortex. To understand mammalian cortex is to understand its synaptic connections. Understanding the synapses of all of the classes of cells in mammalian cortex seems an insuperable task. There are two reasons why the one layer cortex of th ...
glial versus neuronal uptake of glutamate
... been used for such a study, although the work of Lasher (1975) on GABA uptake demonstrated the usefulness of this approach. Two groups have followed up the possible glutamatergic nature of granule cells by investigating the uptake of labelled amino acid into separated cerebellar perikarya. Campbell ...
... been used for such a study, although the work of Lasher (1975) on GABA uptake demonstrated the usefulness of this approach. Two groups have followed up the possible glutamatergic nature of granule cells by investigating the uptake of labelled amino acid into separated cerebellar perikarya. Campbell ...
Identity-specific coding of future rewards in the human orbitofrontal
... savory-predictive CS cues (Fig. 3A). In a second step, we used cross-validated support vector machines (SVMs) to identify regions in which these value-related response patterns—corresponding to different predicted outcome identities—could be reliably classified (Fig. 3A), the idea being that signifi ...
... savory-predictive CS cues (Fig. 3A). In a second step, we used cross-validated support vector machines (SVMs) to identify regions in which these value-related response patterns—corresponding to different predicted outcome identities—could be reliably classified (Fig. 3A), the idea being that signifi ...
Altered cortical and subcortical connectivity due to infrasound
... for the respective test frequency was calculated as the arithmetic mean of all (adaptive) values following the fourth reversal (1 dB step size). Categorical loudness scaling comprised the presentation of pure tones with frequencies of 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 40, 63 and 125 Hz and a duration of 1600 ms, a ...
... for the respective test frequency was calculated as the arithmetic mean of all (adaptive) values following the fourth reversal (1 dB step size). Categorical loudness scaling comprised the presentation of pure tones with frequencies of 8, 12, 16, 20, 32, 40, 63 and 125 Hz and a duration of 1600 ms, a ...
2906_lect8
... different olfactory receptor genes; each codes for a single type of OR All mammals have pretty much the same set of 1000 genes. However, some genes are non-functional ...
... different olfactory receptor genes; each codes for a single type of OR All mammals have pretty much the same set of 1000 genes. However, some genes are non-functional ...
ANS: c, p. 46, F, LO=2.1, (1)
... Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, the inside is more negatively charged. d) smaller than ANS: a, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (3) APA=1.1 33. When a neuron fires, it fires in a(n) ________ fa ...
... Correct. There are more positively charged ions inside the cell than outside. b) larger than c) negative compared to Incorrect. During resting potential, the inside is more negatively charged. d) smaller than ANS: a, p. 49, C, LO=2.1, (3) APA=1.1 33. When a neuron fires, it fires in a(n) ________ fa ...
Depression of Acetylcholinesterase Synthesis Following Transient
... enkephalin and tachykinins was markedly decreased (Chesselet et al 1990) These studies suggest that cholinergic neurons are more resistant to ischemia than other neurons In view of existing differences we decided to investigate the changes in AChE synthesis after cerebral ischemia Since a transient ...
... enkephalin and tachykinins was markedly decreased (Chesselet et al 1990) These studies suggest that cholinergic neurons are more resistant to ischemia than other neurons In view of existing differences we decided to investigate the changes in AChE synthesis after cerebral ischemia Since a transient ...
Review Spectrin and calpain
... Over the past two decades, a significant focus of research has been on molecular processes leading to cell death. On the basis of numerous studies, a rise in the concentration of intracellular calcium has been identified as a primary trigger for pathology caused by various tissuedamaging factors. Su ...
... Over the past two decades, a significant focus of research has been on molecular processes leading to cell death. On the basis of numerous studies, a rise in the concentration of intracellular calcium has been identified as a primary trigger for pathology caused by various tissuedamaging factors. Su ...
Cadherin Expression by Embryonic Divisions and
... et al., 2000; Yoon et al., 2000). In some cases, differential cadherin expression reflects an evolving functional differentiation within gray matter structures. Examples are the restricted expression of cadherins in subdivisions of the thalamic nucleus rotundus in the chicken (Redies et al., 2000) a ...
... et al., 2000; Yoon et al., 2000). In some cases, differential cadherin expression reflects an evolving functional differentiation within gray matter structures. Examples are the restricted expression of cadherins in subdivisions of the thalamic nucleus rotundus in the chicken (Redies et al., 2000) a ...
Cortical Parcellations of the Macaque Monkey
... Figure 2. Key stages in LVD registration, using an exemplar individual (source) hemisphere registered to the F99 atlas target. (A, B) Landmark contours on source (case CH of Kolster et al. 2009) and target (F99 atlas) spheres after resampling to match the number of contour points in corresponding s ...
... Figure 2. Key stages in LVD registration, using an exemplar individual (source) hemisphere registered to the F99 atlas target. (A, B) Landmark contours on source (case CH of Kolster et al. 2009) and target (F99 atlas) spheres after resampling to match the number of contour points in corresponding s ...
The Olfactory Sensory Map in Drosophila
... determine the odor specificity of a given OSN. Drosophila was the first animal for which all OR genes were cloned, their patterns of gene expression determined and axonal projections of most OSNs elucidated. In vivo electrophysiology has been used to decode the ligand response profiles of most of th ...
... determine the odor specificity of a given OSN. Drosophila was the first animal for which all OR genes were cloned, their patterns of gene expression determined and axonal projections of most OSNs elucidated. In vivo electrophysiology has been used to decode the ligand response profiles of most of th ...
The neurochemistry of the GnRH pulse generator
... Abstract. We review the crucial role of the two neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE) and GABA in eliciting GnRH pulses. NE acts via an al-receptor mechanism and also GABA acts at the a-subtype of the GABA receptor. The function of NE appears to be induction of phasic activation of GnRH neurons and ...
... Abstract. We review the crucial role of the two neurotransmitters norepinephrine (NE) and GABA in eliciting GnRH pulses. NE acts via an al-receptor mechanism and also GABA acts at the a-subtype of the GABA receptor. The function of NE appears to be induction of phasic activation of GnRH neurons and ...
Alexander et al., 2009
... lines, or through the administration of a second virus-driving expression of Cre-recombinase. This Cre-recombination virus is often another AAV, which is also injected at the soma level. Sometimes, however, projection-specific manipulations have been achieved by injection of HSV or canine adeno viru ...
... lines, or through the administration of a second virus-driving expression of Cre-recombinase. This Cre-recombination virus is often another AAV, which is also injected at the soma level. Sometimes, however, projection-specific manipulations have been achieved by injection of HSV or canine adeno viru ...
Sònia Najas Sales Role of DYRK1A in the development of Syndrome
... dorsal telencephalon of Ts65Dn embryos. I have also studied the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the neurogenic defects in Dyrk1a trisomic embryos. This has led to the identification of DYRK1A-mediated regulation of Cyclin D1 degradation as an important mechanism to couple cell cycle progres ...
... dorsal telencephalon of Ts65Dn embryos. I have also studied the possible molecular mechanisms underlying the neurogenic defects in Dyrk1a trisomic embryos. This has led to the identification of DYRK1A-mediated regulation of Cyclin D1 degradation as an important mechanism to couple cell cycle progres ...
Chapter 29 - krigolson teaching
... beginning of the 20th century posited that there must be a central anesthesia during the eye movement. But this cannot be true, for there are instances in which vision is quite clear during a saccade. An object can be seen during a saccade if it is moving as fast as the eye and in the same direction ...
... beginning of the 20th century posited that there must be a central anesthesia during the eye movement. But this cannot be true, for there are instances in which vision is quite clear during a saccade. An object can be seen during a saccade if it is moving as fast as the eye and in the same direction ...
stereological estimates of dopaminergic, gabaergic and
... Ventral midbrain dopamine neurons play key roles in reward processing, learning and memory and movement (reviewed in Albin et al., 1989; Wise, 2004). In addition, their dysfunction is implicated in a number of disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (DeLong, 1990), schizophrenia (Goldstein and Deut ...
... Ventral midbrain dopamine neurons play key roles in reward processing, learning and memory and movement (reviewed in Albin et al., 1989; Wise, 2004). In addition, their dysfunction is implicated in a number of disorders, including Parkinson’s disease (DeLong, 1990), schizophrenia (Goldstein and Deut ...
Visual Adaptation: Physiology, Mechanisms, and Functional Benefits
... altered by adaptation. Recent studies have shown that how tuning is altered depends on the cortical area investigated and on the adaptation paradigm used. Early studies showed that V1 responses to preferred stimuli are reduced after adaptation with preferred but not opposite (“null”) or orthogonal s ...
... altered by adaptation. Recent studies have shown that how tuning is altered depends on the cortical area investigated and on the adaptation paradigm used. Early studies showed that V1 responses to preferred stimuli are reduced after adaptation with preferred but not opposite (“null”) or orthogonal s ...
Complete Pattern of Ocular Dominance Columns in Human Primary
... and Blasdel, 1993). To obtain a measure of column width, the radial sum of a two-dimensional Fourier spectrum of the binary column map was plotted using a custom analysis tool in Matlab (see Fig. 6). Spectra were acquired for each human hemisphere and compared with spectra compiled from column patte ...
... and Blasdel, 1993). To obtain a measure of column width, the radial sum of a two-dimensional Fourier spectrum of the binary column map was plotted using a custom analysis tool in Matlab (see Fig. 6). Spectra were acquired for each human hemisphere and compared with spectra compiled from column patte ...
E45021924
... neurons of the PVN and SON. Only one oxytocin receptor, i.e.the uterine type of receptor, has been identified. This type of receptor also has been demonstrated in the central nervous system [1]. 2.2 Role of oxytocin in psychological adaptations in breastfeeding women: Mothers having had their newbor ...
... neurons of the PVN and SON. Only one oxytocin receptor, i.e.the uterine type of receptor, has been identified. This type of receptor also has been demonstrated in the central nervous system [1]. 2.2 Role of oxytocin in psychological adaptations in breastfeeding women: Mothers having had their newbor ...
Sprecher_2011_larval.. - Institute of Neuroinformatics
... including main neuronal elements contributing to LON: larval photoreceptors (lp, red), bn (red); optic lobe pioneers (OLP, blue), PDF neurons (PDF; green), serotonergic neurons (5HT; yellow), OOA (brown). E: Z-projection of a confocal stack (17 μm) showing larval photoreceptor projections. Rh5 and R ...
... including main neuronal elements contributing to LON: larval photoreceptors (lp, red), bn (red); optic lobe pioneers (OLP, blue), PDF neurons (PDF; green), serotonergic neurons (5HT; yellow), OOA (brown). E: Z-projection of a confocal stack (17 μm) showing larval photoreceptor projections. Rh5 and R ...
this article - Zald Affective Neuroscience Lab | Vanderbilt University
... defines anhedonia as diminished interest or pleasure in response to stimuli that were previously perceived as rewarding during a pre-morbid state (DSM-IV-TR). Along with depressed mood, anhedonia is one of two required symptoms for a diagnosis of MDD Q2 (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; World ...
... defines anhedonia as diminished interest or pleasure in response to stimuli that were previously perceived as rewarding during a pre-morbid state (DSM-IV-TR). Along with depressed mood, anhedonia is one of two required symptoms for a diagnosis of MDD Q2 (American Psychiatric Association, 2000; World ...