The role of eyes in early face processing: A rapid adaptation study of
... According to the OSH, larger adaptation effects should be found for inverted than upright adaptors regardless of the category. Thus, in response to S2, a decreased activation should be found for inverted compared to upright adaptors, for each adaptor category tested: houses, mouths, eyes, faces, eye ...
... According to the OSH, larger adaptation effects should be found for inverted than upright adaptors regardless of the category. Thus, in response to S2, a decreased activation should be found for inverted compared to upright adaptors, for each adaptor category tested: houses, mouths, eyes, faces, eye ...
Anatomy of Neuropsychiatry : The New Anatomy of the
... system dichotomy and [2] significantly expanding the role of basal gangliathalamocortical functions in behavioral synthesis. He then shows that, in functional-anatomical terms, much of the amygdala emulates cortex and that this is quite consistent with the manner in which the great classical neuroan ...
... system dichotomy and [2] significantly expanding the role of basal gangliathalamocortical functions in behavioral synthesis. He then shows that, in functional-anatomical terms, much of the amygdala emulates cortex and that this is quite consistent with the manner in which the great classical neuroan ...
View/Open - eDiss - Georg-August
... central complex and were separated from ascending neurons based on their longer latencies. One local brain neuron was found discriminating between behaviorally attractive and non-attractive stimuli. Using such multielectrodes, it was also possible to induce singing responses by electrically stimulat ...
... central complex and were separated from ascending neurons based on their longer latencies. One local brain neuron was found discriminating between behaviorally attractive and non-attractive stimuli. Using such multielectrodes, it was also possible to induce singing responses by electrically stimulat ...
hypothalamus, pit..
... 4 g of the total 1,400 g of adult brain weight, but it is the only 4 g of brain without which life itself is impossible. The hypothalamus is so critical for life because it contains the integrative circuitry that coordinates autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral responses that are necessary for basic ...
... 4 g of the total 1,400 g of adult brain weight, but it is the only 4 g of brain without which life itself is impossible. The hypothalamus is so critical for life because it contains the integrative circuitry that coordinates autonomic, endocrine, and behavioral responses that are necessary for basic ...
Chapter 02: Biopsychology, Neuroscience, and Human Nature
... Incorrect. Down syndrome is not an adaptive quality of human beings; rather, it is an illness that is caused by having one too many chromosomes. d. language Correct. The ability to use language as a means of communication is certainly adaptive to human beings. e. the ability to program a cell phone ...
... Incorrect. Down syndrome is not an adaptive quality of human beings; rather, it is an illness that is caused by having one too many chromosomes. d. language Correct. The ability to use language as a means of communication is certainly adaptive to human beings. e. the ability to program a cell phone ...
Neurokinin B Signaling in the Female Rat: a Novel
... Another neuropeptide involved in the central mechanisms underlying the stress response is arginine vasopressin (AVP). AVP is colocalized with CRH in parvocellular neurons of the PVN (16 –18), and further major populations of AVP neurons are found resident within the magnocellular PVN and supraoptic ...
... Another neuropeptide involved in the central mechanisms underlying the stress response is arginine vasopressin (AVP). AVP is colocalized with CRH in parvocellular neurons of the PVN (16 –18), and further major populations of AVP neurons are found resident within the magnocellular PVN and supraoptic ...
Rhythmic Spontaneous Activity in the Piriform Cortex
... The inset shows how duration was measured at the point where the mean frequency line crossed the central peak. The 2 dashed lines represent the 95% confidence interval. The next peak in the autocorrelogram reveals the period of the oscillation (see Materials and Methods for details). (B) Power spect ...
... The inset shows how duration was measured at the point where the mean frequency line crossed the central peak. The 2 dashed lines represent the 95% confidence interval. The next peak in the autocorrelogram reveals the period of the oscillation (see Materials and Methods for details). (B) Power spect ...
BMC Neuroscience
... The second analysis addressed this question by considering the relationship of the structural type of pairs of connected cortices. This analysis was motivated by our previous findings that cortical type is highly correlated with the laminar pattern of ipsilateral corticocortical connections [15]. St ...
... The second analysis addressed this question by considering the relationship of the structural type of pairs of connected cortices. This analysis was motivated by our previous findings that cortical type is highly correlated with the laminar pattern of ipsilateral corticocortical connections [15]. St ...
Differential effects of nicotine on the activity of substantia nigra and
... LabView (National Instr.). A digital frequency meter was used for calculation of the number of spikes within consecutive time intervals (bins). Spike waveforms were displayed on a PC (pCLAMP software, Axon Instr.). Nicotine was applied through bath perfusion for 3 min, and effects on neuronal firing ...
... LabView (National Instr.). A digital frequency meter was used for calculation of the number of spikes within consecutive time intervals (bins). Spike waveforms were displayed on a PC (pCLAMP software, Axon Instr.). Nicotine was applied through bath perfusion for 3 min, and effects on neuronal firing ...
Dopamine – CNS Pathways and Neurophysiology
... demonstrated that these neurons are constantly bombarded by GABAergic IPSPs. Indeed, it has been suggested that up to 50% of the midbrain DA neurons are quiescent due to GABAergic-mediated hyperpolarization. Moreover, these IPSPs are not observed in vitro, suggesting a prominent and tonically active ...
... demonstrated that these neurons are constantly bombarded by GABAergic IPSPs. Indeed, it has been suggested that up to 50% of the midbrain DA neurons are quiescent due to GABAergic-mediated hyperpolarization. Moreover, these IPSPs are not observed in vitro, suggesting a prominent and tonically active ...
Circadian Plasticity of Mammalian Inhibitory Interneurons
... Many aspects of mammalian behavior and physiology show circadian rhythmicity. The circadian rhythms, with a period about a day (circa, around and dies, day), are generated by the central clock or pacemaker that in mammals is located in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Under day/nigh ...
... Many aspects of mammalian behavior and physiology show circadian rhythmicity. The circadian rhythms, with a period about a day (circa, around and dies, day), are generated by the central clock or pacemaker that in mammals is located in suprachiasmatic nuclei (SCN) of the hypothalamus. Under day/nigh ...
α-Synuclein and dopamine at the crossroads of Parkinson`s disease
... Moving to dopaminergic neurons, an increased rate of refilling of the readily releasable pool has been reported in mice lacking α-synuclein [52]. This result is in line with an increase in recovery from paired-pulse depression (PPD) that has been reported in striatal slices in one study [44], althou ...
... Moving to dopaminergic neurons, an increased rate of refilling of the readily releasable pool has been reported in mice lacking α-synuclein [52]. This result is in line with an increase in recovery from paired-pulse depression (PPD) that has been reported in striatal slices in one study [44], althou ...
Functional Neuronal Processing of Body Odors
... conveyed in body odor to make accurate kin--nonkin judgments (Weisfeld et al. 2003) and to detect minute differences in genetic composition of unknown individuals (Jacob et al. 2002). It has even been suggested that signals communicating emotions are held within body odors (Chen and Haviland-Jones 1 ...
... conveyed in body odor to make accurate kin--nonkin judgments (Weisfeld et al. 2003) and to detect minute differences in genetic composition of unknown individuals (Jacob et al. 2002). It has even been suggested that signals communicating emotions are held within body odors (Chen and Haviland-Jones 1 ...
Swallowing reflex and brain stem neurons activated by superior
... lated with the cytoarchitectural characteristics as defined by cresyl violet staining and nNOS staining. From a coronal perspective, Sol is broadly divided into a smaller lateral and a larger medial subdivision based on their position in relation to the SolT. The lateral subdivision is further subdi ...
... lated with the cytoarchitectural characteristics as defined by cresyl violet staining and nNOS staining. From a coronal perspective, Sol is broadly divided into a smaller lateral and a larger medial subdivision based on their position in relation to the SolT. The lateral subdivision is further subdi ...
Chapter_011_LO
... • Describe the biologic and physiologic factors associated with aging. • Explain the psychosocial factors associated with aging. • Describe modifications needed for activities of daily living. • Explain why drug dosage adjustments may be needed for older persons. ...
... • Describe the biologic and physiologic factors associated with aging. • Explain the psychosocial factors associated with aging. • Describe modifications needed for activities of daily living. • Explain why drug dosage adjustments may be needed for older persons. ...
Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex GABA Concentration in Humans
... Significance Statement This study demonstrated for the first time that the amount of gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, in an individual’s prefrontal cortex predicts working memory (WM) task performance. Given that WM is required for many of the most ...
... Significance Statement This study demonstrated for the first time that the amount of gamma-aminobutryic acid (GABA), the major inhibitory neurotransmitter of the brain, in an individual’s prefrontal cortex predicts working memory (WM) task performance. Given that WM is required for many of the most ...
Imaging development and plasticity in the mouse visual system
... Neuronal activity, both intrinsically generated and sensory-evoked, is known to play an important role in the development of the brain. Sensory experiences continue to exert a strong influence on the functional connectivity of neuronal circuits, especially in the cerebral cortex, allowing for learni ...
... Neuronal activity, both intrinsically generated and sensory-evoked, is known to play an important role in the development of the brain. Sensory experiences continue to exert a strong influence on the functional connectivity of neuronal circuits, especially in the cerebral cortex, allowing for learni ...
Review Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward
... are preceded by phasic stimuli that have been conditioned to predict such rewards (Romo and Schultz, 1990; Ljungberg et al., 1992; Mirenowicz and Schultz, 1994). The loss of response is not due to a developing general insensitivity to rewards, as activations following rewards delivered outside of ta ...
... are preceded by phasic stimuli that have been conditioned to predict such rewards (Romo and Schultz, 1990; Ljungberg et al., 1992; Mirenowicz and Schultz, 1994). The loss of response is not due to a developing general insensitivity to rewards, as activations following rewards delivered outside of ta ...
Understanding Opioid Reward Howard L. Fields and Elyssa B
... mechanism that does not require dopamine. Unfortunately, our knowledge of the non-dopaminergic VTA circuitry supporting MOP positive reinforcement is currently extremely limited. Dopamine neuron firing can encode positive outcomes and produce positive reinforcement Although some pharmacological man ...
... mechanism that does not require dopamine. Unfortunately, our knowledge of the non-dopaminergic VTA circuitry supporting MOP positive reinforcement is currently extremely limited. Dopamine neuron firing can encode positive outcomes and produce positive reinforcement Although some pharmacological man ...
Long-range GABAergic neurons in the prefrontal cortex modulate
... form an aversive memory. This could be achieved by optogenetically activating these projections in a RTPA paradigm and testing whether rodents avoid the stimulation-paired side on the following day. Also, it could be tested whether silencing mPFC GABAergic projections to NAcc impairs retrieval of a ...
... form an aversive memory. This could be achieved by optogenetically activating these projections in a RTPA paradigm and testing whether rodents avoid the stimulation-paired side on the following day. Also, it could be tested whether silencing mPFC GABAergic projections to NAcc impairs retrieval of a ...
Organization of Cortical and Thalamic Input to Pyramidal Neurons in
... sources of input to many of the deep layer output neurons, including PT and CT type, therefore are unaccounted for by the known local and long-range cortical circuits. Because our previous local circuit mapping in vM1 did not distinguish between PT type and other neurons in L5B, we measured input fr ...
... sources of input to many of the deep layer output neurons, including PT and CT type, therefore are unaccounted for by the known local and long-range cortical circuits. Because our previous local circuit mapping in vM1 did not distinguish between PT type and other neurons in L5B, we measured input fr ...
as a PDF
... osmotic pressure or the sodium concentration of plasma and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). It should be pointed out that equiosmolar NaCl hypertonic solution is a more effective stimulus than nonsaline hypertonic solutions (345). Lesions in the region of the anteroventral portion of the third ventricle ...
... osmotic pressure or the sodium concentration of plasma and cerebral spinal fluid (CSF). It should be pointed out that equiosmolar NaCl hypertonic solution is a more effective stimulus than nonsaline hypertonic solutions (345). Lesions in the region of the anteroventral portion of the third ventricle ...