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... 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.01057.2010.—Environmental enrichment induces powerful changes in the adult cerebral cortex. Studies in primary sensory cortex have observed that environmental enrichment modulates neuronal response strength, selectivity, speed of response, and synchronization to rapid sensory in ...
... 2011; doi:10.1152/jn.01057.2010.—Environmental enrichment induces powerful changes in the adult cerebral cortex. Studies in primary sensory cortex have observed that environmental enrichment modulates neuronal response strength, selectivity, speed of response, and synchronization to rapid sensory in ...
Distinct Neuropathologic Phenotypes After Disrupting the
... ClC-Kb, ClC-1, ClC-5, and ClC-7 that cause Bartter syndrome, myotonia congenita, Dent disease, and osteopetrosis, respectively (3Y6). ClC-6 and ClC-7 form a distinct branch of the CLC gene family, sharing 45% sequence homology (7). ClC-7 requires a A-subunit, Ostm1 (8); mutations in Ostm1 are respon ...
... ClC-Kb, ClC-1, ClC-5, and ClC-7 that cause Bartter syndrome, myotonia congenita, Dent disease, and osteopetrosis, respectively (3Y6). ClC-6 and ClC-7 form a distinct branch of the CLC gene family, sharing 45% sequence homology (7). ClC-7 requires a A-subunit, Ostm1 (8); mutations in Ostm1 are respon ...
Somatosensory cortex functional connectivity
... responses to vibrotactile stimulation in ASD would achieve this goal. In healthy individuals, vibrotactile stimulations on the fingertips dramatically increase the behaviourally measured temporal separation threshold needed for distinguishing between two consecutive tactile pulses, but no such effect ...
... responses to vibrotactile stimulation in ASD would achieve this goal. In healthy individuals, vibrotactile stimulations on the fingertips dramatically increase the behaviourally measured temporal separation threshold needed for distinguishing between two consecutive tactile pulses, but no such effect ...
Stimulation of GABAergic neurons of the lateral septum and its effect
... Rosen, 2012), increased LS volume is associated with decreased anxiety, decreased susceptibility to substance use disorders, and better spatial memory task performance. Because of the high variability of LS volume and large difference between septum subregion connectivity, lesion studies that damage ...
... Rosen, 2012), increased LS volume is associated with decreased anxiety, decreased susceptibility to substance use disorders, and better spatial memory task performance. Because of the high variability of LS volume and large difference between septum subregion connectivity, lesion studies that damage ...
- University of Alberta
... within the nuclei of the reward pathway ................................................................................ 68 3.1.6. Ventricle area and dopaminergic cell size are intact in the Magel2-null mouse.......... 83 3.2. Biochemical and physiological response to the exposure and withdrawal of ...
... within the nuclei of the reward pathway ................................................................................ 68 3.1.6. Ventricle area and dopaminergic cell size are intact in the Magel2-null mouse.......... 83 3.2. Biochemical and physiological response to the exposure and withdrawal of ...
The subthalamic nucleus in the context of movement disorders
... subthalamic fasciculus consists of ®bres that interconnect the STN and globus pallidus. This ®bre bundle arises from the inferolateral border of the STN and crosses the internal capsule in its trajectory. The ansa lenticularis contains ®bres from the globus pallidus internus (GPi) that project towar ...
... subthalamic fasciculus consists of ®bres that interconnect the STN and globus pallidus. This ®bre bundle arises from the inferolateral border of the STN and crosses the internal capsule in its trajectory. The ansa lenticularis contains ®bres from the globus pallidus internus (GPi) that project towar ...
Plastic Effect of Tetanic Stimulation on Auditory Evoked Potentials
... has been investigated following cochlear hearing loss or nerve injury. Deprivationinduced plasticity and its effects on how neurons process sound frequency have been studied extensively in animal models and also in humans. Peripheral hearing loss is capable of inducing changes in the number and prop ...
... has been investigated following cochlear hearing loss or nerve injury. Deprivationinduced plasticity and its effects on how neurons process sound frequency have been studied extensively in animal models and also in humans. Peripheral hearing loss is capable of inducing changes in the number and prop ...
Integration of Perspective and Disparity Cues in Surface
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
... Masato Taira. Integration of perspective and disparity cues in surface-orientation–selective neurons of area CIP. J Neurophysiol 86: 2856 –2867, 2001. We investigated the effects of linear perspective and binocular disparity, as monocular and binocular depth cues, respectively, on the response of su ...
Chapter 14 - Brain and Spinal Cord
... Ranges from 750 cc to 2100 cc Contains almost 97% of the body’s neural tissue Average weight about 1.4 kg (3 lb) Male brains are typically larger but there is no correlation between brain size and intelligence. ...
... Ranges from 750 cc to 2100 cc Contains almost 97% of the body’s neural tissue Average weight about 1.4 kg (3 lb) Male brains are typically larger but there is no correlation between brain size and intelligence. ...
Single-Trial Decoding of Visual Attention from Local Field Potentials
... high-frequency LFPs was fully redundant with the information contained in the spiking activity of single neurons recorded from the same electrodes. Moreover, the decoding of attention using ␥ frequency LFPs was less accurate than using spikes, but it was twice more stable across time. Finally, decor ...
... high-frequency LFPs was fully redundant with the information contained in the spiking activity of single neurons recorded from the same electrodes. Moreover, the decoding of attention using ␥ frequency LFPs was less accurate than using spikes, but it was twice more stable across time. Finally, decor ...
Taste, olfactory, and food reward value processing
... eating, and it is therefore important to understand the brain mechanisms involved in food reward, in order to understand the control of appetite and food intake. When the behavior is goaldirected, brain regions such as the cingulate cortex are likely to be engaged (see Fig. 1). However, it is a usef ...
... eating, and it is therefore important to understand the brain mechanisms involved in food reward, in order to understand the control of appetite and food intake. When the behavior is goaldirected, brain regions such as the cingulate cortex are likely to be engaged (see Fig. 1). However, it is a usef ...
Distribution of GABAergic neurons and axon terminals in the
... Antisera to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been used to characterize the morphology and distribution of presumed GABAergic neurons and axon terminals within the macaque striate cortex. Despite some differences in the relative sensitivity of these antisera for d ...
... Antisera to glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) and y-aminobutyric acid (GABA) have been used to characterize the morphology and distribution of presumed GABAergic neurons and axon terminals within the macaque striate cortex. Despite some differences in the relative sensitivity of these antisera for d ...
Validation of hippocampal volumes measured using a
... implement hundreds of recent algorithms, such as linear and nonlinear spatial normalization, surface base registration, intensity nonuniformity correction, segmentation, and skull stripping, although the users of FreeSurfer and IBASPM can perform automated hippocampal volumetry without knowing all o ...
... implement hundreds of recent algorithms, such as linear and nonlinear spatial normalization, surface base registration, intensity nonuniformity correction, segmentation, and skull stripping, although the users of FreeSurfer and IBASPM can perform automated hippocampal volumetry without knowing all o ...
Somatodendritic dopamine release - Philosophical Transactions of
... SNc DA neurons and VTA DA neurons are enriched in the Ca2þ-buffering proteins, calbindin-D28 K and calretinin, whereas the majority of ventral tier SNc DA neurons appear to lack these proteins [97]. This difference has been implicated in the Ca2þ dependence of somatodendritic DA release, with high c ...
... SNc DA neurons and VTA DA neurons are enriched in the Ca2þ-buffering proteins, calbindin-D28 K and calretinin, whereas the majority of ventral tier SNc DA neurons appear to lack these proteins [97]. This difference has been implicated in the Ca2þ dependence of somatodendritic DA release, with high c ...
Corticomuscular Contributions to the Control of Rhythmic Movement
... GRADUATE PROGRAM IN KINESIOLOGY ...
... GRADUATE PROGRAM IN KINESIOLOGY ...
Topographic Organization of Corticospinal Projections from the
... precentral sulcus @PCS),and the ventral premotor area (PMv), which is in and adjacent to the caudal bank of the arcuate sulcus (ArS) at its inferior limb. In subsequent reports, we will present our findings on the origin of corticospinal projections from (1) the premotor areas on the medial wall of ...
... precentral sulcus @PCS),and the ventral premotor area (PMv), which is in and adjacent to the caudal bank of the arcuate sulcus (ArS) at its inferior limb. In subsequent reports, we will present our findings on the origin of corticospinal projections from (1) the premotor areas on the medial wall of ...
Can the negative deflections found with EEG on frontocentral
... (2003) showed that the oddball and Go/No-go N2 are the same and depend on unfrequency despite being a target or non-target. A classical task to test conflicting stimulus attributes is the Erikson flankers task. In the Erikson flankers task the N200’s amplitude seems to be larger in slow RT trials c ...
... (2003) showed that the oddball and Go/No-go N2 are the same and depend on unfrequency despite being a target or non-target. A classical task to test conflicting stimulus attributes is the Erikson flankers task. In the Erikson flankers task the N200’s amplitude seems to be larger in slow RT trials c ...
Graziano's CV
... Kelly YT, Webb TW, Meier JD, Arcaro MJ, Graziano MSA (2014) Attributing awareness to oneself and to others. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 111: 5012-5017. Graziano MSA (2014) How Ventriloquism Works. Frontiers for young minds, DOI:10.3389/frym.2014.00004. Graziano MSA and Kastn ...
... Kelly YT, Webb TW, Meier JD, Arcaro MJ, Graziano MSA (2014) Attributing awareness to oneself and to others. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, 111: 5012-5017. Graziano MSA (2014) How Ventriloquism Works. Frontiers for young minds, DOI:10.3389/frym.2014.00004. Graziano MSA and Kastn ...
olfaction
... Lateral olfactory tract projects directly to the piriform cortex (= primary olfactory cortex = paleocortex) adjacent to lateral olfactory tract in temporal lobe. This is only sense that does not have relay in thalamus on way from receptors to cerebral cortex. From piriform cortex there are projectio ...
... Lateral olfactory tract projects directly to the piriform cortex (= primary olfactory cortex = paleocortex) adjacent to lateral olfactory tract in temporal lobe. This is only sense that does not have relay in thalamus on way from receptors to cerebral cortex. From piriform cortex there are projectio ...
Structure, Function, and Pharmacology of NMDA Receptor Channels
... GluD (δ) receptors. Properties of all ionotropic glutamate receptors have been recently reviewed in detail by Traynelis et al. (2010). NMDA receptors in particular have received much attention over the last few decades, due to their key role in many types of neural plasticity on the one hand, and th ...
... GluD (δ) receptors. Properties of all ionotropic glutamate receptors have been recently reviewed in detail by Traynelis et al. (2010). NMDA receptors in particular have received much attention over the last few decades, due to their key role in many types of neural plasticity on the one hand, and th ...
physiological plasticity in auditory cortex: rapid induction by learning
... and Diamond, in press), and wherever possible, are referenced in the text rather than repeated here. 2. Perspectives on Neuroplasticity Neuroplasticity has become a major focus in contemporary neurobiology. It is widely studied at several levels--subcellular, cellular, neuronal systems, behavioral-- ...
... and Diamond, in press), and wherever possible, are referenced in the text rather than repeated here. 2. Perspectives on Neuroplasticity Neuroplasticity has become a major focus in contemporary neurobiology. It is widely studied at several levels--subcellular, cellular, neuronal systems, behavioral-- ...
Chapter 3 Overlapping circuits for relative value and selective
... not yet been investigated. Here we wished to gain insight into the effects of reward expectancy on neuronal activity in area V1 of macaque monkeys. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the relation between reward expectancy and attention (Maunsell, 2004). The effects of attention are as widespread acro ...
... not yet been investigated. Here we wished to gain insight into the effects of reward expectancy on neuronal activity in area V1 of macaque monkeys. Moreover, we aimed to investigate the relation between reward expectancy and attention (Maunsell, 2004). The effects of attention are as widespread acro ...
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... Background and Purpose—New insights into the brain’s ability to reorganize after injury are beginning to suggest novel restorative therapy targets. Potential therapies include pharmacological agents designed to promote axonal growth. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of one such dru ...
... Background and Purpose—New insights into the brain’s ability to reorganize after injury are beginning to suggest novel restorative therapy targets. Potential therapies include pharmacological agents designed to promote axonal growth. The purpose of this study was to test the efficacy of one such dru ...
Do superior colliculus projection zones in the inferior pulvinar
... Twelve to 24 h after perfusion, the cortex and brainstem (including the thalamus) were cut into 40–50-µm sections on a freezing microtome. A block of flattened cortex containing the MT and other visual areas was cut parallel to the surface, and divided into three series of sections. One series was m ...
... Twelve to 24 h after perfusion, the cortex and brainstem (including the thalamus) were cut into 40–50-µm sections on a freezing microtome. A block of flattened cortex containing the MT and other visual areas was cut parallel to the surface, and divided into three series of sections. One series was m ...
Neurobiological Mechanisms Underlying Oestradiol Negative and
... ERa that prevent only its association with oestrogen response elements, but leave other genomic and non-genomic signalling modalities intact, do not exhibit the oestradiol-induced changes in GnRH neurone activity that wild-type mice do (33, 34). These data, in combination with the failure of the vas ...
... ERa that prevent only its association with oestrogen response elements, but leave other genomic and non-genomic signalling modalities intact, do not exhibit the oestradiol-induced changes in GnRH neurone activity that wild-type mice do (33, 34). These data, in combination with the failure of the vas ...