Cortical Connectivity Suggests a Role in Limb
... Figure 3. Location of injection site in lateral PE (case 1) and cortical distribution of retrograde-labeled cells. Sagittal sections (A–F ) were taken at the levels indicated on the brain silhouette. Bottom right, Two-dimensional reconstruction illustrating the distribution and density of labeled ce ...
... Figure 3. Location of injection site in lateral PE (case 1) and cortical distribution of retrograde-labeled cells. Sagittal sections (A–F ) were taken at the levels indicated on the brain silhouette. Bottom right, Two-dimensional reconstruction illustrating the distribution and density of labeled ce ...
The Basal Ganglia
... • The “gain control” that the striatum seems to perform might provide fluctuating activity levels to scale movements in time and space… or as part of a program-selection mechanism. In this context, the competitive queuing models (Houghton & Hartley, 1995) seem particularly relevant. • The motor loop ...
... • The “gain control” that the striatum seems to perform might provide fluctuating activity levels to scale movements in time and space… or as part of a program-selection mechanism. In this context, the competitive queuing models (Houghton & Hartley, 1995) seem particularly relevant. • The motor loop ...
Repetition suppression - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... presented again, after it had been turned off for 15 min, the response of the neuron was fully recovered (figure 1e). Repetition suppression has since been observed in singleunit activity across a large number of different experimental conditions and brain regions, including the IT cortex [35,37–39] ...
... presented again, after it had been turned off for 15 min, the response of the neuron was fully recovered (figure 1e). Repetition suppression has since been observed in singleunit activity across a large number of different experimental conditions and brain regions, including the IT cortex [35,37–39] ...
part ii: the animal mind - Neural and Mental Evolution
... or hydrogels (Trevors and Pollack, 2005) formed that contained ribozymes that catalyzed the available abundant organic substrates, thus maintaining themselves and perpetuating their kind. If this scenario is correct, these early organisms without a dedicated genetic machinery for reproduction could ...
... or hydrogels (Trevors and Pollack, 2005) formed that contained ribozymes that catalyzed the available abundant organic substrates, thus maintaining themselves and perpetuating their kind. If this scenario is correct, these early organisms without a dedicated genetic machinery for reproduction could ...
Imaging the premotor areas Nathalie Picard* and Peter L Strick
... anterior to the VCA line (Table 1). This location corresponds to the RCZa, which may correspond to the CMAr of monkeys [2]. In contrast, when some of the same investigators used a similar paradigm that did not specifically dissociate conflict monitoring from response selection, they found response-r ...
... anterior to the VCA line (Table 1). This location corresponds to the RCZa, which may correspond to the CMAr of monkeys [2]. In contrast, when some of the same investigators used a similar paradigm that did not specifically dissociate conflict monitoring from response selection, they found response-r ...
What can mice tell us about how vision works?
... same cells in primate retina [29,32,39]. It will be interesting to see whether such tools also help reveal the presence of DSGCs in primates. In the meantime, it remains to be determined whether the preponderance of DSGCs in the mouse retina makes it more attractive, or less ideal, as a model of pri ...
... same cells in primate retina [29,32,39]. It will be interesting to see whether such tools also help reveal the presence of DSGCs in primates. In the meantime, it remains to be determined whether the preponderance of DSGCs in the mouse retina makes it more attractive, or less ideal, as a model of pri ...
Grasping the Intentions of Others with One`s Own Mirror Neuron
... execution of finger movements (‘‘mirror neuron system’’) [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,25,26,27]. The observation of the Context clip compared to rest yielded signal increases in largely similar cortical areas, with the notable exceptions of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) region and inferi ...
... execution of finger movements (‘‘mirror neuron system’’) [10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19,20,21,25,26,27]. The observation of the Context clip compared to rest yielded signal increases in largely similar cortical areas, with the notable exceptions of the superior temporal sulcus (STS) region and inferi ...
Combining electroencephalographic activity and
... Previous studies investigated the coupled brain–heart dynamics during healthy and pathological emotional responses (see reviews in [46,47]), highlighting connections in the vagally mediated regulation of physiological, affective and cognitive processes. As a general approach, previous studies have t ...
... Previous studies investigated the coupled brain–heart dynamics during healthy and pathological emotional responses (see reviews in [46,47]), highlighting connections in the vagally mediated regulation of physiological, affective and cognitive processes. As a general approach, previous studies have t ...
The Impact of Prior Experience With Cross-Modal
... accurately (Stein, Meredith, Huneycutt, & McDade, 1989), simultaneous presentation of light and sound from different spatial locations can depress activity in neurons responsive to multiple sensory inputs (Binns, Turner, & Salt, 1999), which may attenuate behavior. The neurons responsible for MI are ...
... accurately (Stein, Meredith, Huneycutt, & McDade, 1989), simultaneous presentation of light and sound from different spatial locations can depress activity in neurons responsive to multiple sensory inputs (Binns, Turner, & Salt, 1999), which may attenuate behavior. The neurons responsible for MI are ...
The Cat is Out of the Bag: Cortical Simulations with 109 Neurons
... layer contains 3 − 4 neuron types, as described in [7], with a total of 13 neuron types in cortex, 4 in thalamus and 1 in the reticular nucleus. Neurons of the same type within the same thalamocortical module and layer form a group. Thus each module contains 18 neuron groups. Thalamocortical modules ...
... layer contains 3 − 4 neuron types, as described in [7], with a total of 13 neuron types in cortex, 4 in thalamus and 1 in the reticular nucleus. Neurons of the same type within the same thalamocortical module and layer form a group. Thus each module contains 18 neuron groups. Thalamocortical modules ...
Master Thesis - Laboratory of Cerebral Cortex Development
... from one individual to another and displays large topological commonalities across mammalian species. Two models have been proposed to explain how cerebral cortex gets organized into distinct areas. The first model, the protocortex model (O’Leary. 1989), suggests that the early cortical primordium w ...
... from one individual to another and displays large topological commonalities across mammalian species. Two models have been proposed to explain how cerebral cortex gets organized into distinct areas. The first model, the protocortex model (O’Leary. 1989), suggests that the early cortical primordium w ...
Cortical sensorimotor alterations classify clinical phenotype and
... and functional abnormalities in the primary sensorimotor and secondary somatosensory cortices, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum [3–10], which appear to constitute the dystonic brain network [11] and also contribute to the control of sensorimotor aspects of speech production [12]. In addition, ...
... and functional abnormalities in the primary sensorimotor and secondary somatosensory cortices, basal ganglia, thalamus, and cerebellum [3–10], which appear to constitute the dystonic brain network [11] and also contribute to the control of sensorimotor aspects of speech production [12]. In addition, ...
the distribution of the cells of origin of callosal projections in cat
... callosum to the adjacent cingulate gyri. This diffusion of HRP was sufficient to produce retrograde filling of neurons in the thalamus. In the animals used in this report, the thalamic label included a primary focus of HRP-filled neurons within the anterior nuclear group with additional light label ...
... callosum to the adjacent cingulate gyri. This diffusion of HRP was sufficient to produce retrograde filling of neurons in the thalamus. In the animals used in this report, the thalamic label included a primary focus of HRP-filled neurons within the anterior nuclear group with additional light label ...
Neuroscience: the Science of the Brain
... controlled by the left side of the cortex (and vice versa). Similarly, the left half of the body sends sensory signals to the right hemisphere such that, for example, sounds in the left ear mainly reach the right cortex. However, the two halves of the brain do not work in isolation - for the left an ...
... controlled by the left side of the cortex (and vice versa). Similarly, the left half of the body sends sensory signals to the right hemisphere such that, for example, sounds in the left ear mainly reach the right cortex. However, the two halves of the brain do not work in isolation - for the left an ...
Interactions between attention, context and learning in primary
... feedback connections in the global response properties of cortical neurons. It has been suggested, by looking at the effect of inactivation of V2 on center-surround interactions in V1 (Hupe, James, Payne, Lomber, Girard & Bullier, 1998) and because of the delayed time course of responses to texture ...
... feedback connections in the global response properties of cortical neurons. It has been suggested, by looking at the effect of inactivation of V2 on center-surround interactions in V1 (Hupe, James, Payne, Lomber, Girard & Bullier, 1998) and because of the delayed time course of responses to texture ...
Mirror Neurons and Mirror Systems in Monkeys and Humans
... in the premotor and parietal cortex of the monkey. Subsequent neurophysiologanism is also present in humans. According to its anatomical locations, mirror and emotion feeling. Mirror neurons are a class of neurons that become active both when individuals perform a specific motor act and when they ob ...
... in the premotor and parietal cortex of the monkey. Subsequent neurophysiologanism is also present in humans. According to its anatomical locations, mirror and emotion feeling. Mirror neurons are a class of neurons that become active both when individuals perform a specific motor act and when they ob ...
State dependent activity in monkey visual cortex
... collected from one V4 neuron while the animal performed about 150 trials of the tactile-visual match. Although most trials consisted of several stimuli presented one after another, in Fig. 2 and subsequent figures the trials have been broken apart so that each stimulus presentation and the following ...
... collected from one V4 neuron while the animal performed about 150 trials of the tactile-visual match. Although most trials consisted of several stimuli presented one after another, in Fig. 2 and subsequent figures the trials have been broken apart so that each stimulus presentation and the following ...
Hippocampal region - NeuronDevelopment.org
... lOpographically organized so that EntL terminates in the superficial third of the lacunosum moleculare layer of CA3 and in the superficial third of the dentate molecular layer throughout both ectal and endallimbs. The EntM terminates.in the deep third of the lacunosum moleculare layer of CA3 and in ...
... lOpographically organized so that EntL terminates in the superficial third of the lacunosum moleculare layer of CA3 and in the superficial third of the dentate molecular layer throughout both ectal and endallimbs. The EntM terminates.in the deep third of the lacunosum moleculare layer of CA3 and in ...
Brain oscillations in perception and memory
... 1.3. Selecti¨ ely distributed oscillatory systems in the brain } a general concept The idea of ‘distributed system’ plays an important role in the statements or theories of all scientists working on general aspects of the integrative brain activity. In Mountcastle’s words ‘ prominent among them is t ...
... 1.3. Selecti¨ ely distributed oscillatory systems in the brain } a general concept The idea of ‘distributed system’ plays an important role in the statements or theories of all scientists working on general aspects of the integrative brain activity. In Mountcastle’s words ‘ prominent among them is t ...
Cerebral cortex and the clinical expression of
... a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which we have found to occur early and to be topographically selective. What is less clear, however, is how these ch ...
... a progressive movement disorder dominated by neostriatal pathology represent.The availability of novel neuroimaging methods has enabled us to evaluate cerebral cortical changes in HD, which we have found to occur early and to be topographically selective. What is less clear, however, is how these ch ...
PDF preprint - The Computational Neurobiology Laboratory
... Abstract Geometric visual hallucinations are seen by many observers after taking hallucinogens such as LSD, cannabis, mescaline or psilocybin, on viewing bright flickering lights, on waking up or falling asleep, in “near death” experiences, and in many other syndromes. Klüver organized the images i ...
... Abstract Geometric visual hallucinations are seen by many observers after taking hallucinogens such as LSD, cannabis, mescaline or psilocybin, on viewing bright flickering lights, on waking up or falling asleep, in “near death” experiences, and in many other syndromes. Klüver organized the images i ...
The primate basal ganglia: parallel and integrative networks
... cells of dorsal and ventral tiers. Scale = 100 m. The cells and processes of the dorsal tier indicated by the box are shown magnified in C) revealing the horizontal arrangement of their dendritic processes. Scale = 50 m. VT, ventral tier; DT, dorsal tier. ...
... cells of dorsal and ventral tiers. Scale = 100 m. The cells and processes of the dorsal tier indicated by the box are shown magnified in C) revealing the horizontal arrangement of their dendritic processes. Scale = 50 m. VT, ventral tier; DT, dorsal tier. ...
Visuomotor development
... sensorimotor pathways in computational neuroethology, Cliff, 1995). The concept of a unitary sensorimotor cycle as a motor primitive for the generation of adaptive behavior in animals (and humans) is not recent. For a long time in biology, the reflex arc was assumed to play a central role in the pro ...
... sensorimotor pathways in computational neuroethology, Cliff, 1995). The concept of a unitary sensorimotor cycle as a motor primitive for the generation of adaptive behavior in animals (and humans) is not recent. For a long time in biology, the reflex arc was assumed to play a central role in the pro ...
Introduction to Psychology
... Contrast the three types of neurons that transmit information through the nervous system. Identify and describe techniques for studying the brain (lesions, EEG, PET, CAT, MRI) Describe the functions of the brainstem (medulla and reticular formation), thalamus, cerebellum, and limbic system (hypothal ...
... Contrast the three types of neurons that transmit information through the nervous system. Identify and describe techniques for studying the brain (lesions, EEG, PET, CAT, MRI) Describe the functions of the brainstem (medulla and reticular formation), thalamus, cerebellum, and limbic system (hypothal ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.