Sleep, Dreaming and Memory
... experimental paradigms (including human experiments), interesting results enriched our knowledge about the relationship between sleep and memory consolidation. One important finding is that different types of memory (implicit vs. explicit) are best consolidated during specific stages of sleep (Payne ...
... experimental paradigms (including human experiments), interesting results enriched our knowledge about the relationship between sleep and memory consolidation. One important finding is that different types of memory (implicit vs. explicit) are best consolidated during specific stages of sleep (Payne ...
Microstructure of the neocortex: Comparative aspects
... the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, ...
... the evolution of the vertebrate brain. One of the fundamental questions in neuroscience is what is special about the neocortex of humans and how does it differ from that of other species? It is clear that distinct cortical areas show important differences within both the same and different species, ...
Depth perception by the active observer
... without these signals. Similar extra-retinal compensation is found for head [18] and whole-body [19] movements. Locomotion is most often a goal-directed action: we usually know where we want to go before starting to move. The analysis of optic flow is therefore unlikely to be the only way, or even t ...
... without these signals. Similar extra-retinal compensation is found for head [18] and whole-body [19] movements. Locomotion is most often a goal-directed action: we usually know where we want to go before starting to move. The analysis of optic flow is therefore unlikely to be the only way, or even t ...
On the relevance of time in neural computation and learning
... In a “typical” biological neuron the resting membrane potential is around −70 mV, the =ring threshold of a “rested” neuron is around −50 mV, and a postsynaptic potential (i.e. EPSP or IPSP) changes the membrane potential temporarily by at most a few mV. However, it is mathematically more convenient ...
... In a “typical” biological neuron the resting membrane potential is around −70 mV, the =ring threshold of a “rested” neuron is around −50 mV, and a postsynaptic potential (i.e. EPSP or IPSP) changes the membrane potential temporarily by at most a few mV. However, it is mathematically more convenient ...
Brains, Bodies, and Behavior - 2012 Book Archive
... neurotransmitters that are in the synapse are reabsorbed into the transmitting terminal buttons, ready to again be released after the neuron fires. More than 100 chemical substances produced in the body have been identified as neurotransmitters, and these substances have a wide and profound effect o ...
... neurotransmitters that are in the synapse are reabsorbed into the transmitting terminal buttons, ready to again be released after the neuron fires. More than 100 chemical substances produced in the body have been identified as neurotransmitters, and these substances have a wide and profound effect o ...
Reinforcement - Karl Pribram
... (1958) beautiful analysis, at the 1958 symposium, of the drivestimulus explanation of drive is certainly in this vein. Guthrie and Estes differ, however, on one point. For Guthrie, "we learn only what we do" (p. 24), and "a student does not learn what was in a lecture or in a book. He learns only wh ...
... (1958) beautiful analysis, at the 1958 symposium, of the drivestimulus explanation of drive is certainly in this vein. Guthrie and Estes differ, however, on one point. For Guthrie, "we learn only what we do" (p. 24), and "a student does not learn what was in a lecture or in a book. He learns only wh ...
The Dorsal Visual System Predicts Future and Remembers Past Eye
... impending eye movements to predict future/past eye positions. Similar ideas have been proposed in modeling studies to account for predictive remapping of visual activity during saccades in area LIP (Schneegans and Schöner, 2012; Ziesche and Hamker, 2014). To test this hypothesis, we developed a nove ...
... impending eye movements to predict future/past eye positions. Similar ideas have been proposed in modeling studies to account for predictive remapping of visual activity during saccades in area LIP (Schneegans and Schöner, 2012; Ziesche and Hamker, 2014). To test this hypothesis, we developed a nove ...
Functional Organization of the Cat Visual Cortex in Relation to the
... Extracellular recordings were conducted after the final optical imaging session. Recording sites were determined using the cortical blood vessel patterns as a reference, and glass-coated platinum-iridium microelectrodes (1–2 M⍀ at 1 kHz) were placed using a hydraulic microdrive (MO-95, Narishige, To ...
... Extracellular recordings were conducted after the final optical imaging session. Recording sites were determined using the cortical blood vessel patterns as a reference, and glass-coated platinum-iridium microelectrodes (1–2 M⍀ at 1 kHz) were placed using a hydraulic microdrive (MO-95, Narishige, To ...
the cortical projection of the medial geniculate body
... superior, middle, and inferior gyri of the rabbit's temporal cortex. In the absence of any figure depicting the area of termination precisely, this statement must be taken to mean that all parts of the temporal area as defined histologically receive the geniculo-cortical fibres. Mettler (1935) belie ...
... superior, middle, and inferior gyri of the rabbit's temporal cortex. In the absence of any figure depicting the area of termination precisely, this statement must be taken to mean that all parts of the temporal area as defined histologically receive the geniculo-cortical fibres. Mettler (1935) belie ...
The Development of Neural Synchrony and Large
... Evoked oscillations in children were significantly reduced between 30 and 148 Hz over occipital electrodes relative to adults and did not show a modulation by the size of the stimulus. Moreover, Yordanova et al42 reported also differences in alpha oscillations between children and adults during an a ...
... Evoked oscillations in children were significantly reduced between 30 and 148 Hz over occipital electrodes relative to adults and did not show a modulation by the size of the stimulus. Moreover, Yordanova et al42 reported also differences in alpha oscillations between children and adults during an a ...
A Cholinergic Mechanism for Reward Timing within Primary Visual Cortex Please share
... interval. Together, these data suggest that (1) V1 possesses the circuitry and plasticity to support reward time prediction learning and (2) the cholinergic system serves as an important reinforcement signal which, in vivo, conveys to the cortex the outcome of behavior. ...
... interval. Together, these data suggest that (1) V1 possesses the circuitry and plasticity to support reward time prediction learning and (2) the cholinergic system serves as an important reinforcement signal which, in vivo, conveys to the cortex the outcome of behavior. ...
neurophysics.ucsd.edu
... periodic, or rhythmic movement. In fact rhythmicity characterizes some of the most basic, evolutionarily conserved types of movements, such as respiration, digestion, and many forms of locomotion. Considerable insight into the general problem of coordination among different rhythmic movements is add ...
... periodic, or rhythmic movement. In fact rhythmicity characterizes some of the most basic, evolutionarily conserved types of movements, such as respiration, digestion, and many forms of locomotion. Considerable insight into the general problem of coordination among different rhythmic movements is add ...
Presentation Slides
... Neural substrates underlying anxiety 1. A neural substrate defined by gene expression pattern in the developing embryo - Genetically distinct subset of serotonergic neurons ...
... Neural substrates underlying anxiety 1. A neural substrate defined by gene expression pattern in the developing embryo - Genetically distinct subset of serotonergic neurons ...
Neural Basis of Visually Guided Head Movements Studied With fMRI
... increases in a cortical network consisting of areas in the precentral sulcus (frontal eye fields, FEF), in the medial superior frontal cortex (supplementary eye fields, SEF), in the intraparietal sulcus (parietal eye fields, PEF), in the precuneus, at the junction of occipital and temporal cortex (M ...
... increases in a cortical network consisting of areas in the precentral sulcus (frontal eye fields, FEF), in the medial superior frontal cortex (supplementary eye fields, SEF), in the intraparietal sulcus (parietal eye fields, PEF), in the precuneus, at the junction of occipital and temporal cortex (M ...
Visual Memory and Visual Perception Recruit
... Although the focus here will be on visual perception, distinct cortical regions have also been associated with auditory-word perception, motor action, and olfactory perception (see Figure 2A). Auditory perception of sounds or words has been associated with bilateral activity in the superior temporal ...
... Although the focus here will be on visual perception, distinct cortical regions have also been associated with auditory-word perception, motor action, and olfactory perception (see Figure 2A). Auditory perception of sounds or words has been associated with bilateral activity in the superior temporal ...
Representing Spatial Information for Limb - Research
... movement. Preferred directions (PDs) tend to be distributed uniformly throughout space, and the population vector predicts well the hand trajectory (Georgopoulos et al., 1988). A vector code of movement direction implies that neural activity should be the same for the same movement performed along p ...
... movement. Preferred directions (PDs) tend to be distributed uniformly throughout space, and the population vector predicts well the hand trajectory (Georgopoulos et al., 1988). A vector code of movement direction implies that neural activity should be the same for the same movement performed along p ...
May 21, 04.doc
... Sensory deprivation has been a productive approach to investigate the effects of environmental stimuli on adult and developing brain. Whereas lack of normal excitatory inputs leaves some cortical neurotransmitter systems unaffected (Goodman et al., 1993; Schlaggar et al, 1993), it can lead to down r ...
... Sensory deprivation has been a productive approach to investigate the effects of environmental stimuli on adult and developing brain. Whereas lack of normal excitatory inputs leaves some cortical neurotransmitter systems unaffected (Goodman et al., 1993; Schlaggar et al, 1993), it can lead to down r ...
Novel visual stimuli activate a population of neurons
... Some of these neurons responded to all novel stimuli, and others to only a subset (e.g., to novel faces). The neurons have no responses to familiar reward- or punishment-associated visual stimuli, nor to taste, olfactory or somatosensory inputs. The responses of the neurons typically habituated with ...
... Some of these neurons responded to all novel stimuli, and others to only a subset (e.g., to novel faces). The neurons have no responses to familiar reward- or punishment-associated visual stimuli, nor to taste, olfactory or somatosensory inputs. The responses of the neurons typically habituated with ...
Processing in layer 4 of the neocortical circuit: new insights from
... preference. This serves to amplify responses to effective stimuli without altering tuning. Feed-forward inhibition can also account for the temporal frequency tuning of cortical cells [19•], which cuts off at lower frequencies than LGN tuning. Furthermore, it ...
... preference. This serves to amplify responses to effective stimuli without altering tuning. Feed-forward inhibition can also account for the temporal frequency tuning of cortical cells [19•], which cuts off at lower frequencies than LGN tuning. Furthermore, it ...
A Fast, Reciprocal Pathway between the Lateral Geniculate Nucleus
... A reciprocal arrangement of feedforward and feedback projections interconnects the thalamus and cerebral cortex. In the visual system, the feedforward pathway from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) provides the primary visual cortex (V1) with visual information coming from the retina. Feedback pr ...
... A reciprocal arrangement of feedforward and feedback projections interconnects the thalamus and cerebral cortex. In the visual system, the feedforward pathway from the lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) provides the primary visual cortex (V1) with visual information coming from the retina. Feedback pr ...
Neural Network Dynamics
... internally generated activity known as fixedpoint behavior. This time-independent activity is too simple to address the issue of how complex patterns of activity are generated. On the other hand, these models provide an excellent example of the problem of making internally generated activity sensitiv ...
... internally generated activity known as fixedpoint behavior. This time-independent activity is too simple to address the issue of how complex patterns of activity are generated. On the other hand, these models provide an excellent example of the problem of making internally generated activity sensitiv ...
Mental Set Alters Visibility of Moving Targets Mental Set
... dots moved rightward. This can be seen in Fig. 1 where one observer's data are given for each of six 50-trial blocks. The mathematical theory of the ideal detector states that the loss of visibility will be greatest when the two possible, alternative directions are detected by orthogonal (independen ...
... dots moved rightward. This can be seen in Fig. 1 where one observer's data are given for each of six 50-trial blocks. The mathematical theory of the ideal detector states that the loss of visibility will be greatest when the two possible, alternative directions are detected by orthogonal (independen ...
Information processing in a neuron ensemble with the multiplicative
... approximation, reports in the literature indicate some more details, particularly in relation to the term kij : One study (Zohary et al., 1994) suggested that the correlation between neurons, whose preferred stimuli are similar, is significantly higher than that between unsimilar neurons, while anot ...
... approximation, reports in the literature indicate some more details, particularly in relation to the term kij : One study (Zohary et al., 1994) suggested that the correlation between neurons, whose preferred stimuli are similar, is significantly higher than that between unsimilar neurons, while anot ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.