Multisensory Integration of Dynamic Faces and Voices
... observed was specific to faces and not just any arbitrary visual stimulus paired with the voice, we ran a control condition. Because there are many possible control stimuli for faces (none of which are ideal), we decided to use controls for which there are behavioral data. These were videos that mim ...
... observed was specific to faces and not just any arbitrary visual stimulus paired with the voice, we ran a control condition. Because there are many possible control stimuli for faces (none of which are ideal), we decided to use controls for which there are behavioral data. These were videos that mim ...
Laminar Differences in Dendritic Structure of Pyramidal Neurons in
... the shape of the soma (Jones 1975; Staiger et al. 2004)—we made no specific distinction between star pyramid and pyramidal morphologies, both of which are referred to as “pyramid.” Additionally, only neurons whose basal dendritic tree was completely filled and contained within the section were include ...
... the shape of the soma (Jones 1975; Staiger et al. 2004)—we made no specific distinction between star pyramid and pyramidal morphologies, both of which are referred to as “pyramid.” Additionally, only neurons whose basal dendritic tree was completely filled and contained within the section were include ...
Power Shifts Track Serial Position and Modulate Encoding in
... Because the large sample of electrodes provided an extensive coverage of the most brain regions, we were able to aggregate data across both subjects and electrodes to ascertain if there was a statistically significant effect within a given brain region (Sederberg et al. 2007a). We calculated between- ...
... Because the large sample of electrodes provided an extensive coverage of the most brain regions, we were able to aggregate data across both subjects and electrodes to ascertain if there was a statistically significant effect within a given brain region (Sederberg et al. 2007a). We calculated between- ...
Neuronal Clusters in the Primate Motor Cortex during Interception of
... identified previously in human subjects. Single-cell activity was recorded from the arm area of the primary motor cortex in these two animals, and the neurons were classified based on the temporal patterns in their activity, using a nonhierarchical cluster analysis. Results of this analysis revealed ...
... identified previously in human subjects. Single-cell activity was recorded from the arm area of the primary motor cortex in these two animals, and the neurons were classified based on the temporal patterns in their activity, using a nonhierarchical cluster analysis. Results of this analysis revealed ...
attention - CMU Graphics
... ● Changes strength of neurons’ response without changing underlying response properties ● Enhances synchronization of neuronal activity ● Spatial attention will increase the gain of all neurons whose receptive field overlaps the current attentional focus, creating an enhanced representation at that ...
... ● Changes strength of neurons’ response without changing underlying response properties ● Enhances synchronization of neuronal activity ● Spatial attention will increase the gain of all neurons whose receptive field overlaps the current attentional focus, creating an enhanced representation at that ...
The Prefrontal Cortex and Flexible Behavior
... complex, but they appear to be governed by a simple rule based on the structural relationship of pairs of linked areas, which we call the structural model for connections. Structure in this context refers to the number of cortical layers present in a given area, or the overall neuronal density, and ...
... complex, but they appear to be governed by a simple rule based on the structural relationship of pairs of linked areas, which we call the structural model for connections. Structure in this context refers to the number of cortical layers present in a given area, or the overall neuronal density, and ...
Review of "Evolution of the Brain: Creation of the Self" by John Eccles
... footprints found at the Laetoli beds in Northern Tanzania that Australopithecus (A) was erect and bipedal. He also goes on to speak of human-like relationships among A; this Eccles infers from hand-holding, which is in turn inferred from the fact that the footprints in question are side-by-side. Tha ...
... footprints found at the Laetoli beds in Northern Tanzania that Australopithecus (A) was erect and bipedal. He also goes on to speak of human-like relationships among A; this Eccles infers from hand-holding, which is in turn inferred from the fact that the footprints in question are side-by-side. Tha ...
Representational Capacity of Face Coding in Monkeys
... in Equation 1 was then averaged over repeated iterations. For sufficiently large numbers of iterations this procedure is equivalent to doing the sum. Typically, 500-5000 iterations were used, although fairly accurate results could be obtained using a smaller number. In addition to computing the info ...
... in Equation 1 was then averaged over repeated iterations. For sufficiently large numbers of iterations this procedure is equivalent to doing the sum. Typically, 500-5000 iterations were used, although fairly accurate results could be obtained using a smaller number. In addition to computing the info ...
Expression of Cux-1 and Cux-2 in the Subventricular Zone and
... determined in precursor cells at the time of the last mitotic division and predicted that genes regulating early programs of laminar specification should already be found in precursor cells, where they would be sequentially activated as cells of each lamina are generated (for review see McConnell, 19 ...
... determined in precursor cells at the time of the last mitotic division and predicted that genes regulating early programs of laminar specification should already be found in precursor cells, where they would be sequentially activated as cells of each lamina are generated (for review see McConnell, 19 ...
Neuronal Replacement and Reconstruction of Damaged Circuitries
... survival can be greatly improvedby preparing the cavity in such a waythat the graft can be placed on a richly vascularizedsurface (e.g. the pia in the choroidal fissure) that can serve as a "culturing bed"for the graft (see Steneviet al 1976, M¢llgaard et al 1978). For areas in which such a surface ...
... survival can be greatly improvedby preparing the cavity in such a waythat the graft can be placed on a richly vascularizedsurface (e.g. the pia in the choroidal fissure) that can serve as a "culturing bed"for the graft (see Steneviet al 1976, M¢llgaard et al 1978). For areas in which such a surface ...
Horvitz, J.C. Stimulus-response and response
... by cortical inputs to striatal output cells. This paper will consider (1) the types of events signaled by phasic midbrain DA neurons to their striatal recipients, (2) DA-mediated plasticity at corticostriatal synapses, (3) the informational codes received and transmitted by striatal output neurons, ...
... by cortical inputs to striatal output cells. This paper will consider (1) the types of events signaled by phasic midbrain DA neurons to their striatal recipients, (2) DA-mediated plasticity at corticostriatal synapses, (3) the informational codes received and transmitted by striatal output neurons, ...
May 21, 04copy.doc
... Sensory deprivation has been a productive approach to investigate the effects of environmental stimuli on adult and developing brain. Whereas lack of normal excitatory inputs leaves some cortical neurotransmitter systems unaffected (Goodman et al., 1993; Schlaggar et al, 1993), it can lead to down r ...
... Sensory deprivation has been a productive approach to investigate the effects of environmental stimuli on adult and developing brain. Whereas lack of normal excitatory inputs leaves some cortical neurotransmitter systems unaffected (Goodman et al., 1993; Schlaggar et al, 1993), it can lead to down r ...
Neural model for learning-to-learn of novel task sets in
... can perform; these structures of actions are called task sets or internal models. The ability to detect the structure of new actions, to learn them and to select on the fly the proper one given the current task set is one great leap in infants cognition. This behavior is an important component of th ...
... can perform; these structures of actions are called task sets or internal models. The ability to detect the structure of new actions, to learn them and to select on the fly the proper one given the current task set is one great leap in infants cognition. This behavior is an important component of th ...
Dopaminergic Transmission and Wake
... Several groups of dopamine neurons are located in the hypothalamus (A11–A15) but little is known about them with regards to control of the sleep-wake cycle. One study suggested increased activity of the A11 cell group during REM sleep deprivation suggesting they are wake-active (Leger et al. 2010). ...
... Several groups of dopamine neurons are located in the hypothalamus (A11–A15) but little is known about them with regards to control of the sleep-wake cycle. One study suggested increased activity of the A11 cell group during REM sleep deprivation suggesting they are wake-active (Leger et al. 2010). ...
Time representation in reinforcement learning models of
... It is instructive to compare how these two models account for the data on early reward presented by Hollerman and Schultz (1998). In the Ludvig et al. (2008) model, the weights for all the microstimuli are updated after every time step: The late microstimuli associated with the cue (i.e., those cent ...
... It is instructive to compare how these two models account for the data on early reward presented by Hollerman and Schultz (1998). In the Ludvig et al. (2008) model, the weights for all the microstimuli are updated after every time step: The late microstimuli associated with the cue (i.e., those cent ...
The Fine Structure of Slow-Wave Sleep Oscillations: from Single
... synaptic interactions between TC neurons and local inhibitory interneurons, loops between TC and RE neurons, or loops within the RE nucleus. The involvement of the RE nucleus was firmly demonstrated in a series of experiments by Steriade’s group (reviewed in Steriade et al. 1993d; Destexhe and Sejno ...
... synaptic interactions between TC neurons and local inhibitory interneurons, loops between TC and RE neurons, or loops within the RE nucleus. The involvement of the RE nucleus was firmly demonstrated in a series of experiments by Steriade’s group (reviewed in Steriade et al. 1993d; Destexhe and Sejno ...
The anatomy, physiology and functions of the
... with the lateral nucleus, although minor reciprocal connections with the accessory basal nucleus have also been described [6**]. Taken together, these neuroanatomical data suggest that the perirhinal cortex in both monkeys and rats is a zone of convergence from both higher order sensory association ...
... with the lateral nucleus, although minor reciprocal connections with the accessory basal nucleus have also been described [6**]. Taken together, these neuroanatomical data suggest that the perirhinal cortex in both monkeys and rats is a zone of convergence from both higher order sensory association ...
On phenomenal character and Petri dishes
... Strictly speaking, phenomenal internalism does not imply the possibility of experience in a clump of tissue in a Petri dish. The internalist officially holds only that phenomenal character is intrinsic to the individual. This does not entail that it is intrinsic to some part of the individual. For ...
... Strictly speaking, phenomenal internalism does not imply the possibility of experience in a clump of tissue in a Petri dish. The internalist officially holds only that phenomenal character is intrinsic to the individual. This does not entail that it is intrinsic to some part of the individual. For ...
Saccade-induced activity of dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus X
... characterized. It is suggested that the X-pathway is involved in the analysis of fine spatial resolution whereas the Y-pathway is involved in the analysis of form vision and motion (reviewed in Sherman & Koch, 1986). From these facts it may be expected that these pathways are affected differently du ...
... characterized. It is suggested that the X-pathway is involved in the analysis of fine spatial resolution whereas the Y-pathway is involved in the analysis of form vision and motion (reviewed in Sherman & Koch, 1986). From these facts it may be expected that these pathways are affected differently du ...
Current Opinion in Neurobiology (2004)
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
... from recent human imaging studies [34,35,36]. In one study [34], amygdala activation was related to presentation of visual signals for pleasant odors early in training, but this response habituated over training, whereas medial OFC activity associated with those visual cues was maintained. Ano ...
KISHORE Aswathy - School of Computing
... from that discussed above. If for example, we have a ‘red circle’ and a ‘blue square’ in a visual scene, neurons representing the colours ‘red’ and ‘blue’ will be active and those representing the shapes ‘circle’ and ‘square’ will be active. When using the ‘compositional representation’ assumption, ...
... from that discussed above. If for example, we have a ‘red circle’ and a ‘blue square’ in a visual scene, neurons representing the colours ‘red’ and ‘blue’ will be active and those representing the shapes ‘circle’ and ‘square’ will be active. When using the ‘compositional representation’ assumption, ...
Article
... a time-dependent fashion after each input, which in turn produces time-dependent neuronal responses. In essence, in the same manner that long-term plasticity may provide a memory of a learning experience (Martin et al., 2000), SDNs use short-term synaptic plasticity to provide a memory trace of the ...
... a time-dependent fashion after each input, which in turn produces time-dependent neuronal responses. In essence, in the same manner that long-term plasticity may provide a memory of a learning experience (Martin et al., 2000), SDNs use short-term synaptic plasticity to provide a memory trace of the ...
Reciprocal Connectivity of Identified Color
... named the PIT color area (PITC) (Yasuda et al. 2010). These neurons are organized in a crude retinotopic map, and we proposed that the PITC is a color-processing region that includes a map of both the fovea and the periphery of the visual hemifield (Yasuda et al. 2010). Because the cells in PITC have ...
... named the PIT color area (PITC) (Yasuda et al. 2010). These neurons are organized in a crude retinotopic map, and we proposed that the PITC is a color-processing region that includes a map of both the fovea and the periphery of the visual hemifield (Yasuda et al. 2010). Because the cells in PITC have ...
Minireview Embarrassed, but Not Depressed: Eye Opening Lessons
... inhibit the production of an incorrect movement and lead to an improvement in performance. The attractiveness of the cerebellar learning theory led to decades of experiments focused on determining whether or not LTD could be the neural mechanism of cerebellar motor learning—as if everyone had accept ...
... inhibit the production of an incorrect movement and lead to an improvement in performance. The attractiveness of the cerebellar learning theory led to decades of experiments focused on determining whether or not LTD could be the neural mechanism of cerebellar motor learning—as if everyone had accept ...
Ventral Premotor and Inferior Parietal Cortices
... on a metal plate (3 3 3 cm) fixed to the table at a distance of 34 cm from the center of the starting point. A container (identical to the one used in the motor task) was fixed at a distance of 14 cm to the left or to the right of the target. The container was present only when grasp-toplace trials w ...
... on a metal plate (3 3 3 cm) fixed to the table at a distance of 34 cm from the center of the starting point. A container (identical to the one used in the motor task) was fixed at a distance of 14 cm to the left or to the right of the target. The container was present only when grasp-toplace trials w ...
Neural correlates of consciousness
The neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) constitute the minimal set of neuronal events and mechanisms sufficient for a specific conscious percept. Neuroscientists use empirical approaches to discover neural correlates of subjective phenomena. The set should be minimal because, under the assumption that the brain is sufficient to give rise to any given conscious experience, the question is which of its components is necessary to produce it.