Plant cuticles shine: advances in wax biosynthesis
... this could occur at membrane contact sites where the membranes are adjacent but not mixing or fusing (reviewed by [27]). The subsequent transport step from the PM to the cell exterior appears to be carried out by PM bound transporters (Figure 2), although experimental evidence that the cuticular lip ...
... this could occur at membrane contact sites where the membranes are adjacent but not mixing or fusing (reviewed by [27]). The subsequent transport step from the PM to the cell exterior appears to be carried out by PM bound transporters (Figure 2), although experimental evidence that the cuticular lip ...
Medical Microbiology Core Competencies and Knowledge
... 27. Describe the primary similarities and differences between the Clostridium and Bacillus genera (e.g., Gram reaction, oxygen requirements). 28. Describe the methods used to classify bacteria. 29. List some important Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and acid-fast bacteria and their morphology and arra ...
... 27. Describe the primary similarities and differences between the Clostridium and Bacillus genera (e.g., Gram reaction, oxygen requirements). 28. Describe the methods used to classify bacteria. 29. List some important Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and acid-fast bacteria and their morphology and arra ...
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular
... tissues for respiration is carbohydrate(CHpO).The complete oxidation of a carbohydrate releases a large amount of free energy, much of which is coupled to the conversion of ADP and Pi to ATI? When sucrose (Cl2H=0,1) is the substrate, aerobic respiration can be divided into three distinct phases: gly ...
... tissues for respiration is carbohydrate(CHpO).The complete oxidation of a carbohydrate releases a large amount of free energy, much of which is coupled to the conversion of ADP and Pi to ATI? When sucrose (Cl2H=0,1) is the substrate, aerobic respiration can be divided into three distinct phases: gly ...
Plant Mitochondrial Electron Transfer and Molecular
... tissues for respiration is carbohydrate(CHpO).The complete oxidation of a carbohydrate releases a large amount of free energy, much of which is coupled to the conversion of ADP and Pi to ATI? When sucrose (Cl2H=0,1) is the substrate, aerobic respiration can be divided into three distinct phases: gly ...
... tissues for respiration is carbohydrate(CHpO).The complete oxidation of a carbohydrate releases a large amount of free energy, much of which is coupled to the conversion of ADP and Pi to ATI? When sucrose (Cl2H=0,1) is the substrate, aerobic respiration can be divided into three distinct phases: gly ...
ROOT ASSOCIATED BACTERIA – FRIENDS OR ENEMIES? A
... communities which can influence the plant growth by their beneficial or deleterious effects [77, 88]. The driving force for plant – microorganism interactions is represented by the organic compounds released by roots in a few mm of thickness of the surrounding soil, called rhizosphere [69, 99]. Broa ...
... communities which can influence the plant growth by their beneficial or deleterious effects [77, 88]. The driving force for plant – microorganism interactions is represented by the organic compounds released by roots in a few mm of thickness of the surrounding soil, called rhizosphere [69, 99]. Broa ...
Function and specificity of 14-3-3 proteins in the regulation of
... 1993; Toroser and Huber, 1997). However, there is a sitespeci®c regulatory interaction between 14-3-3 proteins and Ser-229 of spinach SPS which inhibits SPS activity (Toroser et al., 1998). The interaction of 14-3-3s and target proteins can be reduced in vitro by 5¢-AMP which interacts with 14-3-3s ...
... 1993; Toroser and Huber, 1997). However, there is a sitespeci®c regulatory interaction between 14-3-3 proteins and Ser-229 of spinach SPS which inhibits SPS activity (Toroser et al., 1998). The interaction of 14-3-3s and target proteins can be reduced in vitro by 5¢-AMP which interacts with 14-3-3s ...
Chapter 5 Gases
... disease, that is, whether you get slow, rippling versus rapid metastatic spread. Yet knowing how to predict the spread of these epidemics is still uncertain, because the complicated models used are not fully understood, says a UC Berkeley biophysicist. Using a very simple model of disease spread, Os ...
... disease, that is, whether you get slow, rippling versus rapid metastatic spread. Yet knowing how to predict the spread of these epidemics is still uncertain, because the complicated models used are not fully understood, says a UC Berkeley biophysicist. Using a very simple model of disease spread, Os ...
New Insights into the Metabolic and Molecular Mechanism of Plant
... biotic and abiotic (Pucciariello and Perata, 2012). Some of them are not plant specific, but are important parameters for most living organisms. Cytosolic-free calcium concentration is one of the most widespread signals among all living organisms. Calcium spikes are involved in the perception of man ...
... biotic and abiotic (Pucciariello and Perata, 2012). Some of them are not plant specific, but are important parameters for most living organisms. Cytosolic-free calcium concentration is one of the most widespread signals among all living organisms. Calcium spikes are involved in the perception of man ...
Tilting Plant Metabolism for Improved Metabolite Biosynthesis and
... Being sessile organisms, plants constantly interact with a multitude of variable and potentially damaging factors in their habitats that range from an abiotic to biotic nature. The survival of floral diversity within ecosystems thus requires elaborate mechanisms of defence. Among these, chemical def ...
... Being sessile organisms, plants constantly interact with a multitude of variable and potentially damaging factors in their habitats that range from an abiotic to biotic nature. The survival of floral diversity within ecosystems thus requires elaborate mechanisms of defence. Among these, chemical def ...
Identification and functional analysis of a prokaryotic-type
... chloroplastic (P46644); AtmAAT, Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial (P46643); HsmAAT, Homo sapiens mitochondrial (P00505); HscAAT, Homo sapiens cytosolic (P17174). ...
... chloroplastic (P46644); AtmAAT, Arabidopsis thaliana mitochondrial (P46643); HsmAAT, Homo sapiens mitochondrial (P00505); HscAAT, Homo sapiens cytosolic (P17174). ...
ABSTRACT Title of Document:
... indebted to Dr. Haichen Song for your mentoring and support. To Dr. RamirezNieto, I am grateful to have gone through this experience with you. You are a wonderful person. Thank you to Ivan Gomez-Osorio who always knew how to make me smile and to Andrea Ferrero Perez who introduced me to empanadas. T ...
... indebted to Dr. Haichen Song for your mentoring and support. To Dr. RamirezNieto, I am grateful to have gone through this experience with you. You are a wonderful person. Thank you to Ivan Gomez-Osorio who always knew how to make me smile and to Andrea Ferrero Perez who introduced me to empanadas. T ...
Revision of Biochemical pH-Stat: Involvement of
... over-production of protons, because the protonogenic glycolysis is allowed to proceed only when the cytoplasm is so alkalinized that PEP carboxylase is activated. Such situations may be achieved under aerobic conditions when proton extrusion is active in the presence of external K+ (Sakano et al. 19 ...
... over-production of protons, because the protonogenic glycolysis is allowed to proceed only when the cytoplasm is so alkalinized that PEP carboxylase is activated. Such situations may be achieved under aerobic conditions when proton extrusion is active in the presence of external K+ (Sakano et al. 19 ...
Discovering the role of mitochondria in the iron deficiency
... In plants, most of the concern about Fe nutrition is related to its low availability in soil solutions. In fact, notwithstanding its abundance, Fe exists in well-aerated soils as scarcely soluble oxides and oxyhydroxides and is therefore not freely available for plant uptake. To cope with this probl ...
... In plants, most of the concern about Fe nutrition is related to its low availability in soil solutions. In fact, notwithstanding its abundance, Fe exists in well-aerated soils as scarcely soluble oxides and oxyhydroxides and is therefore not freely available for plant uptake. To cope with this probl ...
Reduced Expression of Aconitase Results in an
... Full-length cDNAs encoding aconitase were isolated from leaves of the tomato accessions LP1940 (Lp) and 2901 (Aco-1) by a PCR-based approach as described in “Materials and Methods.” Using this strategy, we isolated two 2.8-kb clones, the sequences of which have been deposited in GenBank (accession n ...
... Full-length cDNAs encoding aconitase were isolated from leaves of the tomato accessions LP1940 (Lp) and 2901 (Aco-1) by a PCR-based approach as described in “Materials and Methods.” Using this strategy, we isolated two 2.8-kb clones, the sequences of which have been deposited in GenBank (accession n ...
Inhibition of acetylcholinesterase and NADH oxidase
... about 55% of amino acid sequence identity and have similar catalytic properties. The enzyme system is responsible for the termination acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses.1 The major function of AChE is to catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and termination of the nerve im ...
... about 55% of amino acid sequence identity and have similar catalytic properties. The enzyme system is responsible for the termination acetylcholine at cholinergic synapses.1 The major function of AChE is to catalyze the hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine and termination of the nerve im ...
IN VITRO Kurz.
... produced in this study by incubating ferric-EDTA with ascorbic acid and H2O2 at pH 7.4, and reacted with 2-deoxy-2-ribose to generate a malondialdehyde (MDA)-like product. This compound forms a pink chromogen upon heating with TBA at low pH [13]. When root, stem, leaf and whole plant extracts of Bry ...
... produced in this study by incubating ferric-EDTA with ascorbic acid and H2O2 at pH 7.4, and reacted with 2-deoxy-2-ribose to generate a malondialdehyde (MDA)-like product. This compound forms a pink chromogen upon heating with TBA at low pH [13]. When root, stem, leaf and whole plant extracts of Bry ...
A Mutation in the Anticodon of a Single tRNA Is
... distinct in that it appears to retain sensitivity to ethylene and the mutation is homozygous lethal. Surprisingly, positional cloning on the basis of 2,4-D resistance revealed that the mutation linked to the observed phenotypes was not found in an AUX/IAA gene, but in the anticodon of a tRNAala. The ...
... distinct in that it appears to retain sensitivity to ethylene and the mutation is homozygous lethal. Surprisingly, positional cloning on the basis of 2,4-D resistance revealed that the mutation linked to the observed phenotypes was not found in an AUX/IAA gene, but in the anticodon of a tRNAala. The ...
The Calcium-Binding Activity of a Vacuole
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.002550. ...
... Article, publication date, and citation information can be found at www.plantphysiol.org/cgi/doi/10.1104/pp.002550. ...
Applied Biochemistry and Microbiology
... niche, protecting them from changes in the environ ment, and they formed as a result of hundreds of mil lions of years of evolution [3, 4]. These organisms can be transmitted through generations, from ancestor to descendent, as an integral part of the plant organism endosphere. Only microorganisms ...
... niche, protecting them from changes in the environ ment, and they formed as a result of hundreds of mil lions of years of evolution [3, 4]. These organisms can be transmitted through generations, from ancestor to descendent, as an integral part of the plant organism endosphere. Only microorganisms ...
The role of enteric viruses in poult enteritis
... Final body weights ranged from 4.63 to 7.94 lb Loss to producer ranged from US$878.19 to US$1480.52 per flock due to weight loss Increased feed cost ranged from US$370.49 to US$739.38 per flock ( Skinner et al., 2010) ...
... Final body weights ranged from 4.63 to 7.94 lb Loss to producer ranged from US$878.19 to US$1480.52 per flock due to weight loss Increased feed cost ranged from US$370.49 to US$739.38 per flock ( Skinner et al., 2010) ...
Application of small interfering RNAs modified by unlocked nucleic
... The next aim was to analyse in more detail the impact of the introduction of LNA and UNA at different positions in the siRNA on its antiviral activity. To this end, a set of sense and antisense strands with three nucleotide overhangs and UNA as well as LNA modifications at different positions was des ...
... The next aim was to analyse in more detail the impact of the introduction of LNA and UNA at different positions in the siRNA on its antiviral activity. To this end, a set of sense and antisense strands with three nucleotide overhangs and UNA as well as LNA modifications at different positions was des ...
From waste products to ecochemicals: Fifty years research of plant
... of a distant precursor (e.g., glucose) to the product (Eisenreich and Bacher, this issue). The outline of a biosynthetic pathway through tracer techniques is a mechanistic prerequisite for a detailed enzymatic characterization of this pathway (see below). An impressive example illustrating the impor ...
... of a distant precursor (e.g., glucose) to the product (Eisenreich and Bacher, this issue). The outline of a biosynthetic pathway through tracer techniques is a mechanistic prerequisite for a detailed enzymatic characterization of this pathway (see below). An impressive example illustrating the impor ...
Physical and chemical interactions between aphids and plants
... in the vascular bundles of angiosperms. Together, they constitute a water circulation system with high rates of water intake by roots and water loss from the aerial parts, respectively (Fig. 1). The transport pipes in vascular bundles are composed of longitudinally arranged modules of xylem vessel e ...
... in the vascular bundles of angiosperms. Together, they constitute a water circulation system with high rates of water intake by roots and water loss from the aerial parts, respectively (Fig. 1). The transport pipes in vascular bundles are composed of longitudinally arranged modules of xylem vessel e ...
Natural Compounds as Next Generation Herbicides
... screen. However, unlike conventional in vitro screens, which test many compounds on a single biochemical target over a very short period of time, this natural high-throughput process selects molecules based on their whole-organism activities, involving numerous chemical interactions between countles ...
... screen. However, unlike conventional in vitro screens, which test many compounds on a single biochemical target over a very short period of time, this natural high-throughput process selects molecules based on their whole-organism activities, involving numerous chemical interactions between countles ...
The Pseudomonas syringae Type III Effector
... degradation of Aux/IAA proteins, which relieves Aux/ IAA-mediated repression of auxin response factors and results in the transcription of auxin-responsive genes (Benjamins and Scheres, 2008; Mockaitis and Estelle, 2008; Santner and Estelle, 2009). Interestingly, many plant pathogenic microorganisms ...
... degradation of Aux/IAA proteins, which relieves Aux/ IAA-mediated repression of auxin response factors and results in the transcription of auxin-responsive genes (Benjamins and Scheres, 2008; Mockaitis and Estelle, 2008; Santner and Estelle, 2009). Interestingly, many plant pathogenic microorganisms ...
Plant virus
Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses are pathogenic to higher plants. While this article does not intend to list all plant viruses, it discusses some important viruses as well as their uses in plant molecular biology.