How Can We Master Energy and Information on the Nanoscale to
... How Can We Master Energy and Information on the Nanoscale to Create New Technologies with Capabilities Rivaling Those of Living Things? Progress on Grand Challenge CLSF researchers have made large strides in understanding the machinery underlying cellulose synthesis and also a novel way to connect c ...
... How Can We Master Energy and Information on the Nanoscale to Create New Technologies with Capabilities Rivaling Those of Living Things? Progress on Grand Challenge CLSF researchers have made large strides in understanding the machinery underlying cellulose synthesis and also a novel way to connect c ...
Document
... stability within cell speed of translation frequency of translation interactions with other molecules (regulation of other mRNA, e.g.) ...
... stability within cell speed of translation frequency of translation interactions with other molecules (regulation of other mRNA, e.g.) ...
Homology Modelling and Structural Comparisons of Capsid
... Although the CsaCV-chimp17 virus was isolated from a mammalian host and contains the closest amount of residues to the full-length PCV2 Cap sequence, its name asserts its likeness to the avian circoviruses. The relation to avian circoviruses is evident in the structure and sequence of the model. The ...
... Although the CsaCV-chimp17 virus was isolated from a mammalian host and contains the closest amount of residues to the full-length PCV2 Cap sequence, its name asserts its likeness to the avian circoviruses. The relation to avian circoviruses is evident in the structure and sequence of the model. The ...
Effectors-Role in Host-Pathogen Interaction
... evolution, host-pathogen interaction is a basis of infectious diseases. Pathogens span a broad spectrum of biological species, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and multicellular parasites. In all these cases, a pathogen causing an infection usually exhibits an extensive interaction with ...
... evolution, host-pathogen interaction is a basis of infectious diseases. Pathogens span a broad spectrum of biological species, including viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, and multicellular parasites. In all these cases, a pathogen causing an infection usually exhibits an extensive interaction with ...
lecture notes - Fountain University, Osogbo
... Smith, Adolph Mayer, Dimitri Ivanovski, Martinus Beijerinck, and Hatsuzo Hashimoto, made important discoveries about specific diseases that attacked targeted crops. During the twentieth century advances were made in the study of nematodes. In 1935 W. M. Stanley was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work ...
... Smith, Adolph Mayer, Dimitri Ivanovski, Martinus Beijerinck, and Hatsuzo Hashimoto, made important discoveries about specific diseases that attacked targeted crops. During the twentieth century advances were made in the study of nematodes. In 1935 W. M. Stanley was awarded a Nobel Prize for his work ...
Reduced Expression of Succinyl-Coenzyme A
... the greenhouse. Screening of the lines on the level of expression of this (single-copy) gene facilitated the identification of several lines displaying a reduction in this parameter (Fig. 1B). To confirm this result and to assess the impact of the reduction of expression of the b-subunit, we next as ...
... the greenhouse. Screening of the lines on the level of expression of this (single-copy) gene facilitated the identification of several lines displaying a reduction in this parameter (Fig. 1B). To confirm this result and to assess the impact of the reduction of expression of the b-subunit, we next as ...
Molecular and Phylogenetic Characterization of Cytokine Genes
... Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA Abstract: Bats (order Chiroptera) represent nearly one fourth of the approximately ...
... Arthropod-Borne and Infectious Diseases Laboratory, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA Abstract: Bats (order Chiroptera) represent nearly one fourth of the approximately ...
Theme and variations in the evolutionary pathways to virulence of
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
Document
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
... The diversity of a highly variable RNA plant virus was considered to determine the range of virulence substitutions, the evolutionary pathways to virulence, and whether intraspecific diversity modulates virulence pathways and propensity. In all, 114 isolates representative of the genetic and geograp ...
European Respiratory Society Annual Congress 2012
... therapy. Fifty-four COPD patients provided 127 sputum samples: mean(SD) age 71(±8) years; FEV1 43.7%(±20.0%) predicted; current smoker 26%; male gender 63%. Airway CRMs were more prevalent at exacerbation than in the stable state (75% vs 42%, p<0.001). The prevalence of co-infection with HRV and bac ...
... therapy. Fifty-four COPD patients provided 127 sputum samples: mean(SD) age 71(±8) years; FEV1 43.7%(±20.0%) predicted; current smoker 26%; male gender 63%. Airway CRMs were more prevalent at exacerbation than in the stable state (75% vs 42%, p<0.001). The prevalence of co-infection with HRV and bac ...
Gene silencing: RNA makes RNA makes no
... gene silencing in plants [9]. It would not, however, explain why base-paired regions of endogenous RNA do not activate post-transcriptional gene silencing. A further uncertainty concerns the nature of the RNA produced by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. It is unlikely that the RNA-dependent RNA pol ...
... gene silencing in plants [9]. It would not, however, explain why base-paired regions of endogenous RNA do not activate post-transcriptional gene silencing. A further uncertainty concerns the nature of the RNA produced by the RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. It is unlikely that the RNA-dependent RNA pol ...
Chapter 20
... disease, which stunts the growth of tobacco plants. • In 1935, biologist Wendell Stanley of the Rockefeller Institute purified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and determined that the purified virus is a crystal. • Stanley concluded that TMV is a chemical rather than an organism. Chapter menu ...
... disease, which stunts the growth of tobacco plants. • In 1935, biologist Wendell Stanley of the Rockefeller Institute purified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and determined that the purified virus is a crystal. • Stanley concluded that TMV is a chemical rather than an organism. Chapter menu ...
. — Beneficial effect of the rhizosphere microbial community for plant
... optimized for the plant growth may not be favourable for pathogens (Paulitz et al., 2001). Plants are not defenceless. In fact, it is estimated that only about 2% of the known fungal species are able to colonize plants and cause disease (Buchanan et al., 2000). Even though plants are in permanent co ...
... optimized for the plant growth may not be favourable for pathogens (Paulitz et al., 2001). Plants are not defenceless. In fact, it is estimated that only about 2% of the known fungal species are able to colonize plants and cause disease (Buchanan et al., 2000). Even though plants are in permanent co ...
AG-PSB-02.441-06.1 Nutrients Essential to Plant Growth
... Copper (Cu): Enzyme activator; electron carrier in photosynthesis Manganese (Mn): Enzyme activator; essential in photosynthesis Zinc (Zn): Enzyme activator; used in synthesis of tryptophan Molybdenum (Mo): Essential for nitrogen fixation and nitrate reductase Chlorine (Cl): Stimulates photosynthesis ...
... Copper (Cu): Enzyme activator; electron carrier in photosynthesis Manganese (Mn): Enzyme activator; essential in photosynthesis Zinc (Zn): Enzyme activator; used in synthesis of tryptophan Molybdenum (Mo): Essential for nitrogen fixation and nitrate reductase Chlorine (Cl): Stimulates photosynthesis ...
HB_20_win
... disease, which stunts the growth of tobacco plants. • In 1935, biologist Wendell Stanley of the Rockefeller Institute purified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and determined that the purified virus is a crystal. • Stanley concluded that TMV is a chemical rather than an organism. Chapter menu ...
... disease, which stunts the growth of tobacco plants. • In 1935, biologist Wendell Stanley of the Rockefeller Institute purified tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) and determined that the purified virus is a crystal. • Stanley concluded that TMV is a chemical rather than an organism. Chapter menu ...
Indole-3-acetic acid: a reciprocal signalling molecule in bacteria
... (Ref. 4). E. herbicola pv. gypsophilae uses two pathways for IAA biosynthesis: the IAM and IPyA pathways5. Expression of iaaM is high when the bacteria are in the apoplast, whereas expression of the ipdC gene, the key gene of the IPyA pathway, is high when bacteria are on the leaf surface5. Apparent ...
... (Ref. 4). E. herbicola pv. gypsophilae uses two pathways for IAA biosynthesis: the IAM and IPyA pathways5. Expression of iaaM is high when the bacteria are in the apoplast, whereas expression of the ipdC gene, the key gene of the IPyA pathway, is high when bacteria are on the leaf surface5. Apparent ...
Plant respiration under low oxygen
... caused only minor changes in respiration rates (Hajirezaei et al., 2006; Oliver et al., 2008). This indicates that there are other key points in the regulation of respiration. Studies in different organisms (bacteria and mammals) show that one of the key sites of regulation and control of respiratio ...
... caused only minor changes in respiration rates (Hajirezaei et al., 2006; Oliver et al., 2008). This indicates that there are other key points in the regulation of respiration. Studies in different organisms (bacteria and mammals) show that one of the key sites of regulation and control of respiratio ...
this PDF file
... al. 2003; Vo Phan et al. 2014), especially for sequence information of Indonesian isolates and its diversity still not available yet until present. The biological as well as molecular characteristic is an important to determine appropriate management strategies of viral disease. Also, it will be use ...
... al. 2003; Vo Phan et al. 2014), especially for sequence information of Indonesian isolates and its diversity still not available yet until present. The biological as well as molecular characteristic is an important to determine appropriate management strategies of viral disease. Also, it will be use ...
Electron microscopy in rapid viral diagnosis: an update
... and consists of Koch’s hand drawings of his observations over the course of time. Figs. 8-11 represent different development stages of Bacillus subtilis, a mobile bacillus as depicted by Ferdinand Cohn. The bacilli appear as translucent, glass-like rods - occasionally kinked; (a) white blood cells ( ...
... and consists of Koch’s hand drawings of his observations over the course of time. Figs. 8-11 represent different development stages of Bacillus subtilis, a mobile bacillus as depicted by Ferdinand Cohn. The bacilli appear as translucent, glass-like rods - occasionally kinked; (a) white blood cells ( ...
Plant Signaling and Behavior
... recognition and extension of fungus within the roots of host plants. In the first phase, once the host plant recognizes AMF, transcriptional reprogramming occurs in plant cells intended for accommodating the fungus within the cell.4 Subsequently, transcriptional reprogramming is used to control fung ...
... recognition and extension of fungus within the roots of host plants. In the first phase, once the host plant recognizes AMF, transcriptional reprogramming occurs in plant cells intended for accommodating the fungus within the cell.4 Subsequently, transcriptional reprogramming is used to control fung ...
Altered pathogenicity, immunity, tissue tropism and 3` genome
... proteins spike (S), integral membrane (M), and small envelope (E). Although the S1 subunit of the S protein carries virus-neutralizing and serotype-specific determinants, the S2 subunit may also induce neutralizing antibodies, and IBV strains can be grouped by the sequence of S2 [5]. The N gene and ...
... proteins spike (S), integral membrane (M), and small envelope (E). Although the S1 subunit of the S protein carries virus-neutralizing and serotype-specific determinants, the S2 subunit may also induce neutralizing antibodies, and IBV strains can be grouped by the sequence of S2 [5]. The N gene and ...
Spinal Cord Ventral Horns and Lymphoid Organ Involvement in
... Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus [1,2] transmitted by Ixodes scapularis ticks to small or medium sized mammals and accidentally to humans as a spillover from the main infection cycle [1]. Antibody neutralization analysis, in situ hybridization, and genotyping place POWV within the ti ...
... Powassan virus (POWV) is a tick-borne flavivirus [1,2] transmitted by Ixodes scapularis ticks to small or medium sized mammals and accidentally to humans as a spillover from the main infection cycle [1]. Antibody neutralization analysis, in situ hybridization, and genotyping place POWV within the ti ...
ABA and the Response of the Plant to Abiotic Stress
... which makes it able to respond in a specific way ...
... which makes it able to respond in a specific way ...
Hoboken
... N2 is abundant in the atmosphere, but is unavailable to plants. Plants receive their nitrogen in the form of ammonium (NH4 + ) and nitrate (NO3 – ). Uptake of NO3 – occurs together with influx of protons, whereas uptake of NH4 + occurs together with release of protons. These processes therefore caus ...
... N2 is abundant in the atmosphere, but is unavailable to plants. Plants receive their nitrogen in the form of ammonium (NH4 + ) and nitrate (NO3 – ). Uptake of NO3 – occurs together with influx of protons, whereas uptake of NH4 + occurs together with release of protons. These processes therefore caus ...
Sporopollenin biosynthetic enzymes interact and constitute a
... transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. FRET is the process by which energy absorbed by one fluorescent protein, the donor, is transferred to another fluorescent protein, the acceptor. Since efficient energy transfer can only occur if distance between fluorophores is less than 10 nm, FRET can be us ...
... transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana leaves. FRET is the process by which energy absorbed by one fluorescent protein, the donor, is transferred to another fluorescent protein, the acceptor. Since efficient energy transfer can only occur if distance between fluorophores is less than 10 nm, FRET can be us ...
Plant virus
Plant viruses are viruses that affect plants. Like all other viruses, plant viruses are obligate intracellular parasites that do not have the molecular machinery to replicate without a host. Plant viruses are pathogenic to higher plants. While this article does not intend to list all plant viruses, it discusses some important viruses as well as their uses in plant molecular biology.