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significance of the putative upstream polybasic nuclear localisation
significance of the putative upstream polybasic nuclear localisation

... biological activity of hIFN we have introduced a point mutation in the hIFN gene to disturb the polybasic sequence typical for the conventional NLS. In the new gene a gln codon was substituted for the Lys88 codon and the mutated gene was cloned and expressed in E. coli LE392. This mutation led to ...
Rampant Adaptive Evolution in Regions of Proteins with Unknown
Rampant Adaptive Evolution in Regions of Proteins with Unknown

... primary targets of directional selection (e.g. [5–7]). However, there are no genome-scale analyses addressing how population genetic processes may differ between functionally annotated regions of proteins versus those regions with no known function. Protein domains serve a diversity of specialized f ...
Functional dissection of the baculovirus late expression factor
Functional dissection of the baculovirus late expression factor

... wild when ingested by a host (reviewed by O’Reilly et al., 1992). Upon infection of permissive cells with AcMNPV, viral genes are transcribed during three phases, designated early, late and very late. Early genes are transcribed prior to viral DNA replication by the host RNA polymerase II and host t ...
2007
2007

... an acridine. They found that almost all of the mutants were second site mutations within the rII gene. How did they isolate the mutants? Is it a selection or screen? Answer: They plated the rIIB mutant FCO on E. coli K and looked for plaques. This is a selection because only revertants can grow on t ...
A novel approach for protein subcellular location prediction using
A novel approach for protein subcellular location prediction using

... the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. ...
Gene Section MAP2 (microtubule associated protein 2) -
Gene Section MAP2 (microtubule associated protein 2) -

... 3' UTR. Local expression within dendrites is hypothesized to be more suited to regulate need based synthesis. Tubulin, a protein expressed in both axons and dendrites is known to be expressed in the cytoplasm of the cell body showing that location specific expression of proteins is important to the ...
Proteins - Clayton State University
Proteins - Clayton State University

... Van der Waals interactions • Molecules with nonpolar covalent bonds may have transient positively and negatively ...
Role of Bioinformatics Tools in Biological Research GPS
Role of Bioinformatics Tools in Biological Research GPS

... Drug: Kill invaders/pathogens and/or Inhibit the growth of pathogens ...
Primary and secondary metabolism, and post
Primary and secondary metabolism, and post

... mycelium typically begins to produce the various antibiotics. Before the genome sequencing project began, S. coelicolor was known to produce four antibiotics (one of them plasmid determined), two of which, actinorhodin (Act) and undecylprodigiosin (Red), are pigmented, and a polyketide spore pigment ...
The biological meaning of pairwise alignments
The biological meaning of pairwise alignments

... • What is the biological question? Examples: • Which proteins of the database are similar to my protein sequence? • Which proteins of the database are similar to the conceptual translation of my DNA sequence? • Which nucleotide sequences in the database are similar to my nucleotide sequence? • Which ...
Document
Document

... a. Neither enzyme is likely to be a human enzyme; b. Enzyme A is more likely to be a human enzyme; c. Enzyme B is more likely to be a human enzyme; d. Both enzymes are likely to be human enzymes. (4) At which temperatures might enzymes A and B both work? a. Above 40°C; b. Below 50°C; c. Above 50°C a ...
GMS BI 555/755 Lecture 3: Techniques for
GMS BI 555/755 Lecture 3: Techniques for

... The isoelectric focusing gel is then attached to an SDSpolyacrylamide gel, and electrophoresis is performed in the second dimension, perpendicular to the original separation. Proteins with the same pI are now separated on the basis of mass. (B) Proteins from E. coli were separated by twodimensional ...
SAMIE: STATISTICAL ALGORITHM FOR MODELING
SAMIE: STATISTICAL ALGORITHM FOR MODELING

... of single celled organisms to environmental changes and essential for proper growth and development in multicellular organisms. It is mainly controlled by proteins that bind particular DNA target sequences, typically within the vicinity of the promoter region of the gene. These proteins a ect the ra ...
Globular Protein Structure
Globular Protein Structure

... extensively document. They can be observed both independently and as components of larger folding units. The basic motif comprises four helices packed together in a variety of different ways, forming a hydrophobic core. In the most common bundles, the helices that are adjacent in the amino acid sequ ...
Compressibility gives new insight into protein dynamics and enzyme
Compressibility gives new insight into protein dynamics and enzyme

... THF [11]. This enzymatic function is strongly repressed with an inhibitor, methotrexate (MTX). The X-ray structure of a DHFRWNADPHWMTX ternary complex is shown in Fig. 1 [12]. The Ls ‡ of these kinetic intermediates is shown as a function of the reaction coordinate in Fig. 2 [7], where the transient ...
Bio-201-chapter-5-MEC
Bio-201-chapter-5-MEC

... • Enzymes that digest starch by hydrolyzing  linkages can’t hydrolyze  linkages in cellulose • Cellulose in human food passes through the digestive tract as insoluble fiber • Some microbes use enzymes to digest cellulose • Many herbivores, from cows to termites, have symbiotic relationships with ...
Lecture 6 - U of L Class Index
Lecture 6 - U of L Class Index

... Negative Control of the lac Operon 9 The off-regulation is done by the lac repressor – Product of the lacI gene – Tetramer of 4 identical polypeptides – Binds the operator just right of promoter 9 When repressor binds the operator, operon is repressed – Operator and promoter are contiguous – Repres ...
Protein Folding I and II
Protein Folding I and II

... Global distribution of conformations of a polypeptide chain in a random-coil state, a partially collapsed denatured state and a compact non-native state. The different species within each ensemble interconvert rapidly. (b) Chemical structure of an alanine residue and the Ramachandran diagram repres ...
Slide 1
Slide 1

... then folding ...
Cloning and Effective Induction of Escherichia coli
Cloning and Effective Induction of Escherichia coli

... of NDP kinase reached almost the same level (~25% of total protein consisted of NDP kinase) as that induced with IPTG. The ability of lactose to effectively induce the expression of NDP kinase is not limited to pET-ndk as reported in this study. Lactose at 3 to 5 mM was found to be as effective indu ...
The biological meaning of pairwise alignments
The biological meaning of pairwise alignments

... • What is the biological question? Examples: • Which proteins of the database are similar to my protein sequence? • Which proteins of the database are similar to the conceptual translation of my DNA sequence? • Which nucleotide sequences in the database are similar to my nucleotide sequence? • Which ...
NMR-driven secondary and tertiary structure model of Ca
NMR-driven secondary and tertiary structure model of Ca

... (Fig. 4). Both of the fingerprint regions also contain acidic residues, which, in other EF-hand proteins, are known to interact with basic residues on the target [16]. Lastly, the fingerprint region within EF-III contains one or more Met residues, which may also be important in target interaction and ...
SAM Teacher`s Guide Four Levels of Protein Structure - RI
SAM Teacher`s Guide Four Levels of Protein Structure - RI

... • What are some specific jobs of proteins that require them to have a distinct  3D structure? (Possible answers: enzymes, roles in signal transduction,  DNA synthesis, etc.)  • What types of situations may impact how a protein would function?  Generate ideas about temperature, whether it is surround ...
Proteins include a diversity of structures
Proteins include a diversity of structures

... Storage proteins Function: Storage of amino acids Examples: Casein, the protein of milk, is the major source of amino acids for baby mammals. Plants have storage proteins in their seeds. Ovalbumin is the protein of egg white, used as an amino acid source for the ...
Table S1 List of Ert1 targets (P 0.05 with enrichment values >1.8
Table S1 List of Ert1 targets (P 0.05 with enrichment values >1.8

... complex comprised of Fmp37p/Mpc1p and either Mpc2p or Fmp43p/Mpc3p mediates mitochondrial pyruvate uptake; more highly expressed in glucose-containing minimal medium than in lactate-containing medium Protein of unknown function; transcription is regulated by Pdr1 Subunit 6 of the ubiquinol cytochrom ...
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Expression vector

An expression vector, otherwise known as an expression construct, is usually a plasmid or virus designed for protein expression in cells. The vector is used to introduce a specific gene into a target cell, and can commandeer the cell's mechanism for protein synthesis to produce the protein encoded by the gene. Expression vectors are the basic tools in biotechnology for the production of proteins.The plasmid is engineered to contain regulatory sequences that act as enhancer and promoter regions and lead to efficient transcription of the gene carried on the expression vector. The goal of a well-designed expression vector is the production of protein, and this may be achieve by the production of significant amount of stable messenger RNA, which can then be translated into protein. The protein may be expressed constitutively, or induced when necessary using an inducer. Escherichia coli is commonly used as the host for protein expression, other cell types however may also be used. An example of the use of expression vector is the production of insulin which is used for medical treatments of diabetes.
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