Capturing the superorganism: a formal theory of group
... We consider a very large, finite population of individuals with arbitrary (although not mixed) ploidy, organized into M groups of size N within which all social interactions take place. (Mathematical notation used in this article is summarized in Table 1.) We assume discrete, nonoverlapping generati ...
... We consider a very large, finite population of individuals with arbitrary (although not mixed) ploidy, organized into M groups of size N within which all social interactions take place. (Mathematical notation used in this article is summarized in Table 1.) We assume discrete, nonoverlapping generati ...
The effect of learning on the evolution of new courtship behavior: A
... individual instrumental learning of courtship traits, where an individual modifies its behavior in response to a feedback (reinforcement) (Bouton, 2007), has received little attention in the context of the effect of learning on evolution driven by sexual selection. In response to this gap, one of us ...
... individual instrumental learning of courtship traits, where an individual modifies its behavior in response to a feedback (reinforcement) (Bouton, 2007), has received little attention in the context of the effect of learning on evolution driven by sexual selection. In response to this gap, one of us ...
Adaptive dynamics with interaction structure
... 2003; Nowak and Sigmund, 2004) is a powerful approach to studying the evolution of social behavior. A game represents a particular mode of interaction, the outcome of which is summarized in payoffs assigned to each participant. Evolving game strategies may be either discrete or continuous. For contin ...
... 2003; Nowak and Sigmund, 2004) is a powerful approach to studying the evolution of social behavior. A game represents a particular mode of interaction, the outcome of which is summarized in payoffs assigned to each participant. Evolving game strategies may be either discrete or continuous. For contin ...
Traits and Alleles Laboratory
... fewer and the only combination the offspring can inherit for the trait to be controlled by recessive alleles is rr. Therefore, because the probability of genetics suggest it is most likely for traits controlled by dominant traits to be more common this experiment’s data is inaccurate and it needs to ...
... fewer and the only combination the offspring can inherit for the trait to be controlled by recessive alleles is rr. Therefore, because the probability of genetics suggest it is most likely for traits controlled by dominant traits to be more common this experiment’s data is inaccurate and it needs to ...
Natural Selection and Neutral Evolution Jointly Drive Population
... [23,24], while gene flow can potentially erode population differentiation and lessen the impacts of selection or drift [25]. While neutral evolution and natural selection are not mutually exclusive in their effects on the evolution of genes and populations, accounting for selectively neutral evoluti ...
... [23,24], while gene flow can potentially erode population differentiation and lessen the impacts of selection or drift [25]. While neutral evolution and natural selection are not mutually exclusive in their effects on the evolution of genes and populations, accounting for selectively neutral evoluti ...
A dynamic deterministic model to optimize a multiple
... The deterministic model described above allows global optimization of the selection scheme to maximize the frequency of the desired genotype for a monogenic trait, while minimizing the loss of genetic progress on a polygenic trait. These objectives may be achieved by taking into account the whole po ...
... The deterministic model described above allows global optimization of the selection scheme to maximize the frequency of the desired genotype for a monogenic trait, while minimizing the loss of genetic progress on a polygenic trait. These objectives may be achieved by taking into account the whole po ...
Relationship among phenotypic plasticity
... gene (the parameter) a, the variables x are distributed. The distribution P(x;a) of the variable x over cells is defined, for a given parameter a (e.g. genotype). Here the “average” and “variance” of x are defined with regards to the distribution P(x;a) (see figure 1 for schematic representation of the ...
... gene (the parameter) a, the variables x are distributed. The distribution P(x;a) of the variable x over cells is defined, for a given parameter a (e.g. genotype). Here the “average” and “variance” of x are defined with regards to the distribution P(x;a) (see figure 1 for schematic representation of the ...
Understanding Genetics and the Sire Summaries
... influence on the expression of a trait. Collectively, these genes can have large effects. Examples would include economically important traits such as milk production, fat percentage, and final score. These traits can be significantly influenced by the environment. Research in gene mapping now shows ...
... influence on the expression of a trait. Collectively, these genes can have large effects. Examples would include economically important traits such as milk production, fat percentage, and final score. These traits can be significantly influenced by the environment. Research in gene mapping now shows ...
FREE Sample Here
... 71. Discuss the ways in which the stories of “The Girls Who Took Care of the Turkeys” and Cinderella are the same and different. How is this a case of selective borrowing. What do the differences in the stories reveal about American and Zuni cultures? 72. What is anthropology? Using such terms as cu ...
... 71. Discuss the ways in which the stories of “The Girls Who Took Care of the Turkeys” and Cinderella are the same and different. How is this a case of selective borrowing. What do the differences in the stories reveal about American and Zuni cultures? 72. What is anthropology? Using such terms as cu ...
DETECTING AND CHARACTERIZING PLEIOTROPY: NEW
... informative and shows well established links between glaucoma and blood pressure, as well as glaucoma and type 2 diabetes. The network also shows a novel relationship between glaucoma and Alzheimer’s disease, a connection that has only recently begun to be investigated. This paper shows the powerful ...
... informative and shows well established links between glaucoma and blood pressure, as well as glaucoma and type 2 diabetes. The network also shows a novel relationship between glaucoma and Alzheimer’s disease, a connection that has only recently begun to be investigated. This paper shows the powerful ...
Epistatic networks jointly influence phenotypes related to
... Thus variation in allele frequency does not confound detection of variant effects or epistasis as it does in human populations, and effects can be mapped to relatively narrow genomic loci, which will enhance the discovery of genetic influences on phenotype. ...
... Thus variation in allele frequency does not confound detection of variant effects or epistasis as it does in human populations, and effects can be mapped to relatively narrow genomic loci, which will enhance the discovery of genetic influences on phenotype. ...
Anthropology at the Intersections between the local, the national and
... constantly changing entity, only exists in the act of being performed. referring to the anthropological tradition, Joppke and lukes (1999) spell out the key distinction between culture (in the singular) as a ‘context-transcending’ product of symbol specialists and the social practices that take plac ...
... constantly changing entity, only exists in the act of being performed. referring to the anthropological tradition, Joppke and lukes (1999) spell out the key distinction between culture (in the singular) as a ‘context-transcending’ product of symbol specialists and the social practices that take plac ...
Lecture 4
... Because some of the chromosomes have a special role in determining gender, the genes on those chromosomes have a special kind of linkage called sex-linkage. Because there are two such chromosomes in humans and many other animals this linkage can be separated into X-linkage and Y-linkage. Y chromoso ...
... Because some of the chromosomes have a special role in determining gender, the genes on those chromosomes have a special kind of linkage called sex-linkage. Because there are two such chromosomes in humans and many other animals this linkage can be separated into X-linkage and Y-linkage. Y chromoso ...
Ethnoprimatology: Toward Reconciliation of Biological and Cultural
... useful to remember that the very roots of anthropological primatology are situated in social theory of cultural anthropology. That being said, I would like to return to the idea of primatology in natural environments to pursue a more contemporary bridge between the two subfields. Since the 1960s, fo ...
... useful to remember that the very roots of anthropological primatology are situated in social theory of cultural anthropology. That being said, I would like to return to the idea of primatology in natural environments to pursue a more contemporary bridge between the two subfields. Since the 1960s, fo ...
Population genetics and the modern synthesis of evolutionary theory
... − You can't have a phenotype without genes, and you can't have a phenotype that did not develop in some environment − both are necessarily part of the process − so the genetic processes we are looking at are not the whole story about why individuals have certain traits − but they ARE the processes t ...
... − You can't have a phenotype without genes, and you can't have a phenotype that did not develop in some environment − both are necessarily part of the process − so the genetic processes we are looking at are not the whole story about why individuals have certain traits − but they ARE the processes t ...
Altruism, spite and greenbeards - Department of Zoology, University
... resources, for the actor or their offspring, with sterile soldier caste in polyembryonic parasitoid an intermediate mean relatedness) because this confusion arising because the direct fitness wasps satisfies all these conditions (17). Females leads to interactions with both close relatives consequen ...
... resources, for the actor or their offspring, with sterile soldier caste in polyembryonic parasitoid an intermediate mean relatedness) because this confusion arising because the direct fitness wasps satisfies all these conditions (17). Females leads to interactions with both close relatives consequen ...
Traits and Heredity guide.id
... 83. Genetic engineering has also created crops which are more resistant to disease, and also produce higher yields. 84. Through genetic engineering, microorganisms have even been altered to process sewage and even clean up oil spills. 85. While there have been numerous benefits from genetic engineer ...
... 83. Genetic engineering has also created crops which are more resistant to disease, and also produce higher yields. 84. Through genetic engineering, microorganisms have even been altered to process sewage and even clean up oil spills. 85. While there have been numerous benefits from genetic engineer ...
fitness landscapes in orchids
... T1)2, where T1 is the mean of the trait being investigated and T1i is the size of the trait for each individual) and regressing this on the standardized fitness. The nonlinear selection coefficients estimate the presence of stabilizing (selection coefficient is negative) and disruptive selection (se ...
... T1)2, where T1 is the mean of the trait being investigated and T1i is the size of the trait for each individual) and regressing this on the standardized fitness. The nonlinear selection coefficients estimate the presence of stabilizing (selection coefficient is negative) and disruptive selection (se ...
the long-term evolution of multilocus traits under frequency
... effect of frequency-dependent disruptive selection for realistic genetic settings. Despite the fact that frequency-dependent selection has been included in the theory of population genetics right from its conception (Fisher, 1930), most of population genetics theory assumes constant fitness values ( ...
... effect of frequency-dependent disruptive selection for realistic genetic settings. Despite the fact that frequency-dependent selection has been included in the theory of population genetics right from its conception (Fisher, 1930), most of population genetics theory assumes constant fitness values ( ...
7th May 2004 20 Questions on Adaptive Dynamics
... writing a review of the subject in a traditional format. We are, however, talking about a subject that is still in a rapid stage of development and which has not yet achieved a mature form. Thus while a review might be appropriate for a mature subject, it seemed more appropriate to us to frame a set ...
... writing a review of the subject in a traditional format. We are, however, talking about a subject that is still in a rapid stage of development and which has not yet achieved a mature form. Thus while a review might be appropriate for a mature subject, it seemed more appropriate to us to frame a set ...
Landscape structure and genetic architecture jointly impact
... Finally, dispersal is a key evolutionary factor, modulating the probability and rate of adaptation to new environmental conditions by a number of mechanisms. Dispersal may, for instance, facilitate adaptation by spreading beneficial alleles throughout a population’s range (Davis and Shaw 2001, Bell ...
... Finally, dispersal is a key evolutionary factor, modulating the probability and rate of adaptation to new environmental conditions by a number of mechanisms. Dispersal may, for instance, facilitate adaptation by spreading beneficial alleles throughout a population’s range (Davis and Shaw 2001, Bell ...
