Unit 4 - Calculations and Chemical Reactions
... Some examples are shown below: 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s) SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq) II) Decomposition Reactions In a decomposition reaction, a reactant splits into two or more simpler products. The general form of the reaction is (AB → A + B). Some examples are shown below ...
... Some examples are shown below: 2Mg(s) + O2(g) → 2MgO(s) 2Na(s) + Cl2(g) → 2NaCl(s) SO3(g) + H2O(l) → H2SO4(aq) II) Decomposition Reactions In a decomposition reaction, a reactant splits into two or more simpler products. The general form of the reaction is (AB → A + B). Some examples are shown below ...
Drug–Excipient Interactions
... sequestrated by a more hygroscopic active ingredient leading to degradation if the drug is moisture sensitive. Drying prior to use will remove unwanted moisture but may make it a less effective compression aid.23 In a similar context, Perrier and Kesselring showed that nitrazepam stability in binary ...
... sequestrated by a more hygroscopic active ingredient leading to degradation if the drug is moisture sensitive. Drying prior to use will remove unwanted moisture but may make it a less effective compression aid.23 In a similar context, Perrier and Kesselring showed that nitrazepam stability in binary ...
ch17
... 960°C. At this temperature, Kc = 0.036. (a) In which direction will the reaction proceed to reach equilibrium? (b) If [CH4] = 5.56 M at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations of the other substances? PLAN: (a) To find the direction of reaction we determine the initial concentrations fr ...
... 960°C. At this temperature, Kc = 0.036. (a) In which direction will the reaction proceed to reach equilibrium? (b) If [CH4] = 5.56 M at equilibrium, what are the equilibrium concentrations of the other substances? PLAN: (a) To find the direction of reaction we determine the initial concentrations fr ...
Chemical Kinetics
... Simplification: Conditions are set such that only forward reaction is important. ...
... Simplification: Conditions are set such that only forward reaction is important. ...
Boron and Metal Catalyzed CC and CH Bond Formation
... Research efforts focused on the use of boron and metals to form new carboncarbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds are summarized in this dissertation. Several novel reactions have been developed. These include: the deoxygenation of benzylic alcohols using chloroboranes, alkenylation of benzylic alcohols us ...
... Research efforts focused on the use of boron and metals to form new carboncarbon and carbon-hydrogen bonds are summarized in this dissertation. Several novel reactions have been developed. These include: the deoxygenation of benzylic alcohols using chloroboranes, alkenylation of benzylic alcohols us ...
13: Carbonyl Compounds: Ketones, Aldehydes, Carboxylic Acids
... Oxidation Numbers. Oxidation numbers, as described in General Chemistry courses, can be used to determine the relative oxidation states of organic compounds. We illustrated this in Chapter 10 using hydrogenation of alkenes that is a reduction reaction. Although they are not routinely used by organic ...
... Oxidation Numbers. Oxidation numbers, as described in General Chemistry courses, can be used to determine the relative oxidation states of organic compounds. We illustrated this in Chapter 10 using hydrogenation of alkenes that is a reduction reaction. Although they are not routinely used by organic ...
Alcohols and Phenols
... Conversion of Alcohols into Alkyl Halides 3° alcohols are converted by HCl or HBr at low temperature 1° and 2° alcohols are resistant to acid – use SOCl2 or PBr3 by ...
... Conversion of Alcohols into Alkyl Halides 3° alcohols are converted by HCl or HBr at low temperature 1° and 2° alcohols are resistant to acid – use SOCl2 or PBr3 by ...
3.2 Organic Synthesis (Reaction Pathways)
... The positive charge is shared between the 2 carbon atoms and the bromine atom. The Bromide ion will then attack from the other side. A TRANS arrangement. ...
... The positive charge is shared between the 2 carbon atoms and the bromine atom. The Bromide ion will then attack from the other side. A TRANS arrangement. ...
The Wizard Test Maker
... What is the internal energy change of the gas? (A) –1955. J (D) +1045. J (B) –1803. J (E) +1955. J (C) –1045. J 10. Pressure cookers are used at high altitudes to cook food faster, which of the following statements pertaining to this fact is true? (A) The cooker holds water at a constant pressure at ...
... What is the internal energy change of the gas? (A) –1955. J (D) +1045. J (B) –1803. J (E) +1955. J (C) –1045. J 10. Pressure cookers are used at high altitudes to cook food faster, which of the following statements pertaining to this fact is true? (A) The cooker holds water at a constant pressure at ...
Slide 1
... Ether cleavage is not usually selective; both sets of cleavage products are to be expected. In methyl ethers, the X preferentially attacks the methyl group. In excess HX, both C-O are cleaved, producing water and two C-X bonds. In phenyl ethers, the benzene ring is not attacked, even in excess HX. ...
... Ether cleavage is not usually selective; both sets of cleavage products are to be expected. In methyl ethers, the X preferentially attacks the methyl group. In excess HX, both C-O are cleaved, producing water and two C-X bonds. In phenyl ethers, the benzene ring is not attacked, even in excess HX. ...
3.10 aromatic chemistry
... This molecular formula was a conundrum to try and determine its structure. The lack of hydrogens in its structure suggested that there must be double (or even triple) bonds within the structure. The first structure suggested was: ...
... This molecular formula was a conundrum to try and determine its structure. The lack of hydrogens in its structure suggested that there must be double (or even triple) bonds within the structure. The first structure suggested was: ...
published a paper
... NaBH4. This can be explained by the fact that the 1-pyrophosphate of PRPP prevents formation of the linear aldehyde form and consequently its reduction. In the pR1-PRPP reactions, with or without prior reduction, we observed the formation of a low yield of the two PR-dependent products. This is like ...
... NaBH4. This can be explained by the fact that the 1-pyrophosphate of PRPP prevents formation of the linear aldehyde form and consequently its reduction. In the pR1-PRPP reactions, with or without prior reduction, we observed the formation of a low yield of the two PR-dependent products. This is like ...
Asymmetric induction
Asymmetric induction (also enantioinduction) in stereochemistry describes the preferential formation in a chemical reaction of one enantiomer or diastereoisomer over the other as a result of the influence of a chiral feature present in the substrate, reagent, catalyst or environment. Asymmetric induction is a key element in asymmetric synthesis.Asymmetric induction was introduced by Hermann Emil Fischer based on his work on carbohydrates. Several types of induction exist.Internal asymmetric induction makes use of a chiral center bound to the reactive center through a covalent bond and remains so during the reaction. The starting material is often derived from chiral pool synthesis. In relayed asymmetric induction the chiral information is introduced in a separate step and removed again in a separate chemical reaction. Special synthons are called chiral auxiliaries. In external asymmetric induction chiral information is introduced in the transition state through a catalyst of chiral ligand. This method of asymmetric synthesis is economically most desirable.